Li-decongestin tsa OTC tsa nasal tse nang le mosebetsi oa phenylephrine hampe.
Ka 2006, Mopresidente Bush o ile a saena Komiti ea Methamphetamine Epidemic Act, phetoho ea Molao oa Patriot, ka molao. Selekane sa ho loantša Methamphetamine Epidemic Act se ne se reretsoe ho etsa hore ho be thata hore batho ba fumane lihlahisoa tse hlakileng le tse ling tse nang le li-decongestant tse nang le pseudoephedrine ka ho tsamaisa lihlahisoa tsena ka mor'a k'hamphani ea k'hemphieutha, e hlokang bareki ho fana ka photo photo photo ID, le ho thibela thekiso ho ligrama tse 7.5 ka bareki ka khoeli.
Ho feta moo, linaha tse ngata li ipehile lithibelo tse eketsehileng pseudophedrine ea thekiso. Liphetoho tsena li entsoe ho khaotsa ho fetoloa ha lithethefatsi tsena ho hlahisa methamphetamine ea seterateng.
Ka mor'a phetoho ena, bahlahisi ba bangata ba lithethefatsi ba fetohile pseudophedrine bakeng sa phenylephrine bongata ba li-decongestant tsa bona tse ngata ka ho fetisisa. Empa mona ke ntho e mabapi le phenylephrine: Ha e sebetse hantle. Haeba u kile ua reka lintho ho thibela nko ea hao, mohlomong u kile ua ba le phomolo e fokolang kapa e se nang thuso. Haholo-holo, haeba ho khoneha le ho hlokeha ka nako e telele bakeng sa liphallelo tse khutšoanyane, reka batho ba khale ba nang le bokooa (e nang le pseudoephedrine) ho e-na le Sudafed PE (e nang le phenylephrine). Ho phaella moo, haeba u hloka ho hlokahalloa, u lokela ho etsa kopano ea ho bona ngaka ea hau ea tlhokomelo ea mantlha.
Pseudoephedrine le Phenylephrine ke eng?
Pseudoephedrine le phenylephrine ke lithethefatsi tsa sympathomimetic tse sebetsang ka kutloelo-bohloko ("ntoa kapa sefofaneng") tsamaiso ea methapo.
Ka khopolo, lithethefatsi tsena li lokela ho u omella ke hore na ke hobane'ng ha li behoa ka likhohlela tse fapaneng le litokisetso tsa mariha hangata hammoho le ho khohlela likhutsana le li-antihistamine. Ka hloko, bafuputsi ba bontša hore joaloka phenylephrine, antihistamine ha e etse letho bakeng sa ho kopana le matšoao a batang.
Ha e le hantle, pseudoephedrine e na le lipapali tsa alpha le beta-adrenergic e tobileng le e sa tobang empa ho hlahisa tlhahiso ea beta-adrenergic e eketsehileng.
Leha ho le joalo, phenylephrine ke alpha-adrenergic agonist e tobileng.
Phapang e khōlō pakeng tsa lithethefatsi tsena tse peli e amana le maemo a mangata a sa tsitsang a metabolism ea pele. Le hoja karolo ea 90 lekholong ea pseudoephedrine e etsa hore e kenngoe ka har'a methapo ea motlakase, karolo ea 38 lekholong ea phenylephrine e etsa hore e be mali a rona. Ka mantsoe a mang, u qetella u hanyetsa phenylephrine e fetang ea 'mele oa hao.
Phuputso e mabapi le Phenylephrine
E le ho ba leeme, lipatlisiso tsa katleho ea phenylephrine ka ho fokotsa tšubuhlellano ea methapo li kopane, le libakeng tsohle. Ka mohlala, tlhahlobo ea meta e bapisang tsamaiso ea 10 mg phenylephrine le tsamaiso ea placebo ho barupeluoa ba lipatlisiso ba ile ba fana ka tlhahiso ea hore phenylephrine e ka fokotsa khanyetso ea nasal ea lifofane, e leng tlhaho ea ho ferekana, ka karolo ea 20 lekholong. Leha ho le joalo, thuto ena e ne e tšehetsoa ke tumellano ea lithahasello tsa meriana.
Ho na le liteko tse lekaneng tsa taolo le lisebelisuoa tse ling ho bapisoa le phenylephrine le placebo ho bontšitsoeng hore ha ho na phapang pakeng tsa tse peli tseo phenylephrin e ka 'nang ea e etsa haese empa e lokolla sepache sa likoloto tsa dollar.
Taba ea hore bafuputsi ba bang ba bolela hore ka lebaka la metabolism e mengata ea pele ea ho feta, ho eketseha ha tekanyo ea phenylephrine ho ka ntlafatsa katleho ea masapo.
(Ka kōpo buisana le ngaka ea hau ka meriana le litekanyetso.) Empa ke mang ea tsebang? Seo re se tsebang ke hore lithethefatsi tsena tsa sympathomimetic li na le liphello tse bohloko tse kenyelletsang ho ba le khatello e phahameng ea mali (khatello ea kelello ea mali), tšelo ea mali, esita le tlhaselo ea pelo e etsang hore ho be le likotsi tse peli kapa tse tharo ho theosa le tekanyo e le kotsi.
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho
Ka kopo hopola hore le hoja u sa hloke lengolo la ngaka bakeng sa ho reka lithethefatsi ho feta-ea-counter, e ntse e le lithethefatsi tse nang le liphello tse bohloko. Kamehla o lokela ho botsa ngaka ea hau bakeng sa keletso pele o nka lithethefatsi leha e le life. Ho feta moo, haeba o noa lithethefatsi ho feta ho kula, u lokela ho ba le boloetse bona bo hlahlojoang ke ngaka ea hau.
Haeba uena kapa motho eo u mo ratang a e-na le bothata bo tšosang ba ho ferekanngoa ha methapo, iketsetse mohau 'me u khaotse ho sebelisa meriana e mengata ea o-oral (OTC) e nang le phenylephrine. Haeba u tlameha ho, le bakeng sa nako e khutšoanyane haholo pele u bona ngaka ea hau ea tlhokomelo e ka sehloohong, nahana ka ho lokisetsa ho nang le pseudoephedrine (e ka 'nang ea sebetsa hantle ho feta phenylephrine) kapa decongestant ea lesapo ka spray form (topicalestongant).
Ke kopa u hopole hore le hoja e sebetsa ka nako e khutšoanyane haholo, tšebeliso ea nako e telele ea li-decongestants tsa lihlooho tsa leholimo e ka etsa hore ho be le tšubuhlellano ea motsoako o matla , e leng phetoho e bohale e qetellang e ntse e eketseha ho fokotsa masapo. Ho feta moo, haeba tšubuhlellano ea hao kapa matšoao a mang a batang a ntse a tsoela pele ka matsatsi a seng makae, u lokela ho etsa bonnete ba hore u tla bona ngaka ea tlhokomelo ea mantlha, mooki kapa mooki ea thusang hore na boemo ba hau ke bofe bo tebileng bo phahameng ba ho tšoaetsoa.
> Mohloli
> Benowitz NL. Khaolo ea 132. Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine le Li-Decongestants Tse Ling. Ka: Olson KR. eds. Ho chefo le ho feta ha lithethefatsi, 6e . New York, NY: Hill ea McGraw; 2012.
> Sehlooho se reng "Efficacy le Tšireletseho ea Liphoso tsa Phenylephrine: Tlhahlobo ea Tsamaiso le Tlhahlobo ea Meta" ka RC Hatton le bangoli-'moho 'me e hatisitsoe ho Annals of Pharmacotherapy ka 2007.
> Sehlooho se bitsoang "Oral phenylephrine": Ho fetola pseudoephedrine ho sa sebetse? " ke L Hendeles le RC Hatton 'me ba hatisoa Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ka 2006.
> Sehlooho se ngotsoeng ka "Meta-Analysis ea Tlhahlobo ea Sekhahla se le seng sa Phenylephrine 10 mg Ho bapisoa le Placebo ho Batho ba baholo ba nang le K'homphieutheng e Ntle ea Nasal ka lebaka la Cold Common" ka C Kollar le bangoli ba kopanetsoeng ba hatisitsoeng ka Clinical Therapeutics ka 2007.
> Westfall TC, Westfall DP. Khaolo ea 12. Adrenergic Agonists le Antagonists. Ka: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. eds. Goodman & Gilman's The Basic Pharmacological Therapeutics, ea 12e . New York, NY: Hill ea McGraw; 2011.