Le hoja boholo ba litsebi tsa bana ba hlokomela bana ba nang le mathata a li-spectrum, ho fihlela haufinyane, ba seng bakae ba tlalehile hore ba lula ba hlahlobile autism. Lingaka tse ling tsa bana li tloaetse ho hlahloba bana bakeng sa autism ho tloha ka American Academy of Pediatrics '(AAP) tlaleho ea bongaka "Tlhaloso le Tlhahlobo ea Bana ba nang le Autism Spectrum Disorders" e ile ea tsoa ka 2007' me ea boela ea tiisoa ka 2014.
Ho hlahloba Autism
Tlaleho e ile ea khothalletsa hore litsebi tsa bana li re:
- Etsa bonnete ba hore li-autism li etela bana bohle, ho kenyeletsa le ho batla matšoao a poteletseng
- Hlakola bana bakeng sa autism sebelisa sesebelisoa sa tlhahlobo ea ho hlahloba kapa lenane la ho hlahloba ha ba le likhoeli tse 18 le tse 24
- Etela ketelo e khethehileng ho rarolla mathata leha e le afe ao motsoali a nang le 'ona ka autism
Habohlokoa le ho feta, AAP e khothalletsa hore litsebi tsa bana li romelle bana bakeng sa tekanyo e feletseng ea autism haeba ba na le tlhahlobo e ntle ea ho hlahloba autism , ho phaella ho e saena bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea kutlo le litšebeletso tsa ho kenella bongoaneng.
Tsela ea 1 ea Autism Lethathamo la libuka tsa bana
Ha batho ba bua ka liteko tsa autism, ba bua ka lethathamo la autism le ka sebelisetsoang ho shebella bana ba banyenyane, eseng mofuta leha e le ofe oa tlhahlobo ea mali.
Li-checklists tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa qalong ho hlahloba autism ho bana ba banyenyane li kenyelletsa:
- Lethathamo la Autism ho Bana ba banyenyane (CHAT)
- Lethathamo le fetotsoeng bakeng sa Autism ho bana ba banyenyane-Ho Hlahlobisitsoe le ho Tsamaea (M-CHAT-R / F)
Ho hlahloba Pele ho Litšobotsi Tsa Autistic (ESAT)
Tsena tsohle tsa litekanyetso tsa 1 li-checklists li ka tlatsoa, hangata ke motsoali, le hoja ba bang ba e-na le lipotso tse arajoang ke ngaka ea bana, metsotso e mehlano ho ea ho e 15 feela.
Lekala la 2 Autism Checklists bakeng sa Bana ba banyenyane
Lebala la 2 la li-check-ins, tse atisang ho sebelisoa bakeng sa bana ba banyenyane ba nang le litekanyetso tse ntle tsa autism, le tsona li fumaneha.
Ba ka nka metsotso e mehlano ho isa ho e 20 ho qeta metsotso e mehlano ho isa ho e 20, empa ba hloka koetliso e eketsehileng ho fana ka tlhaloso le ho e hlalosa, kahoo hangata ha ba fumanehe ofisi ea bana ba hau. Li akarelletsa:
- Tlhahlobo ea Boits'oaro ba Autism (ABC)
- Bongoaneng Autism Rating Scale, khatiso ea bobeli (CARS2)
- Scale ea Gilliam Asperger's Disorder (GADS)
- Gilliam Autism Rating Scale, Kakaretso ea Bobeli (GARS-2)
- Tlhahlobo ea PDD ea Testing-II, Clinic Developmental e hlakileng
- Tlhahlobo ea PDD ea Testing-II, Autism Clinic Sekhahla se Etsanghalang
- The Screening Tool for Autism ho bana ba banyenyane le ba banyenyane (STAT)
Lethathamo le fetotsoeng la Autism ho Bana ba banyenyane
M-CHAT ke e 'ngoe ea lipatlisiso tsa autism tse tummeng haholo tse sebelisoang ke litsebi tsa bana. Ntle le ho potlakisa le ho le bonolo ho e sebelisa, e fumaneha mahala. Ha e le hantle, batsoali ba ka ba ba nka M-CHAT-R Inthaneteng 'me ba tlisa liphello ho bana ba bona. Ngoana o na le tlhahlobo e ntle ea autism haeba lipotso tse tharo kapa tse fetang tse 20 tsa M-CHAT li fumana karabo e hlōlehileng.
Puisano ea litlaleho tsa M-CHAT e lokela ho etsoa hape bakeng sa bana ba nang le setšoantšo se ntle sa M-CHAT. Puisano ena ea morao-rao e ka thusa ho fokotsa lenane la bana ba hlōlehang M-CHAT empa ba se nang li-autism-ba hlahisa liphello tse ntle tsa teko. Bana ba nang le palo e feletseng ea M-CHAT ea 8 kapa ho feta ha ho hlokahale hore ba be le lipuisano tsa litlaleho tsa M-CHAT-R 'me ba ka ea ka ho feletseng tlhahlobo ea autism.
Ho ba le sepheo se setle sa M-CHAT Sekolo sa Tlhahlobo
Hopola hore skrine e ntle ea M-CHAT ha e bolele hore ngoana oa hau o na le autism. Lisosa tse ling tsa ho lieha ho ntlafatsa ho ka etsa hore skrine e ntle e hape. Ke ka lebaka leo bohato bo latelang bo lokelang ho kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea autism, eo ka tloaelo e kenyeletsang boemo ba 2 ba ho hlahloba autism, ho phaella ho saena ngoana oa hau bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea liteko le litšebeletso tsa ho kenella bongoaneng.
> Mehloli:
> American Academy of Pediatrics. Clinical Report: Identification le Tlhahlobo ea Bana ba nang le Autism Spectrum Disorders. Lingaka . 2007; 120 (5): 1183-1215. E netefalitsoe ka August 2014.
> Bridgemohan C. Autism Spectrum Disorder: Lisebelisoa tsa ho hlahloba. E maemong. E fetotsoe ka la 11 October, 2017.
> Kleinman JM, Robins DL, Ventola PE, le al. Lenane le fetotsoeng la Autism ho bana ba banyenyane: Thuto ea ho Etsa Liteko ho Etsa Tlhahlobo ea Pele ea Matšoao a Autism ea Mathata. Journal of Autism le Mathata a Tsoelo-pele . 2008; 38 (5): 827-839. le: 10.1007 / s10803-007-0450-9.