Ha Meriana e Hlakola Mokhatlo oa Immune
Ho itšireletsa mafung ke matla a ho itšireletsa mafung a 'mele ho loantša tšoaetso kapa mafu a mang.
Ho boleloa hore motho o itšireletsehile haeba a e-na le lefu la ho itšireletsa mafung ka lebaka la meriana e fokolisang sesole sa 'mele (joaloka corticosteroids ). Ho itšireletsa mafung e boetse e le phello e tloaelehileng ea phello ea chemotherapy e fanoeng ho tšoara kankere.
Mokhoa oa ho itšireletsa mafung o sebetsa joang
Tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e thusa ho sireletsa' mele oa hao litsing tse kotsi tse bitsoang li-antigen
Li-antigen ke lintho tse etsang hore tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e hlahise lithibela-mafu khahlanong le eona. Mehlala ea li-antigen e kenyelletsa:
- Baktheria
- Li-virus
- Lithethefatsi
- Lisele tsa kankere
- Mali a tsoang linaheng tse ling kapa likokoana-hloko tse tsoang ho motho e mong kapa mefuta e meng.
Ha tsamaiso ea 'mele ea hao ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e lemoha likokoana-hloko tsena, li-antibodies li hlahisoa ho li timetsa ha lisele tse ling tsa mali tse tšoeu li metsa le ho senya libaktheria le lintho tse ling tse tsoang linaheng tse ling. Liprotheine tse bitsoang ho tlatsetsa thuso ka mokhoa ona.
Ha tsamaiso ea hau ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e e-na le bothata ba ho hlahisa li-antibodies kapa haeba lisele tse khethehileng tsa mali tse bitsoang li-lymphocyte tsa T kapa B (kapa ka bobeli) li sa sebetse ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng, u ka fumanoa u e-na le lefu la immunodeficiency.
Bothata ba ho itšireletsa mafung ka lebaka la meriana (ho batho ba fuoang meriana e fokolisang tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung) e bitsoa immunosuppression. E boetse e bitsoa ho haelloa ke immunocompromised kapa ho itšireletsa mafung, tse ling tsa lisosa tsa ho itšireletsa mafung li akarelletsa:
- Meriana e fuoa ka boomo motho e mong ea batlang ho ba le lesapo la masapo kapa ho kenya setopo ho thibela ho lahla moriana oa bafani
- Phello e mpe ea chemotherapy e sebelisoang ho phekola kankere
- Meriana ea Corticosteroid e kang prednisone le ea ho thuisa
- Matšoao a futsitsoeng joaloka agammaglobulinemia
- Mafu a mangata a kang HIV / AIDS
- Maemo a mang a kang ho tlosoa ha spleen , hola lilemong, lefu la tsoekere le khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng
Mathata a ho itšireletsa mafung
Mathata a mang a ka 'nang a bakoa ke ho theola maikutlo a ho itšireletsa mafung a ho itšireletsa mafung hangata kapa ho tsoela pele ho kula, kotsi e eketsehileng ea tšoaetso, le kotsi e eketsehileng ea lik'hemik'hale tse itseng kapa lihlahala.
Etsa bonnete ba hore u ikopanye le ngaka hang-hang haeba u le chemotherapy kapa corticosteroids (e kang prednisone, Medrol, kapa Decadron) mme u hlaolela matšoao a latelang:
- Feberu e phahame ho feta likhato tse 100,5 tsa Fahrenheit
- Ho tsuba le phefumoloho e khutšoanyane
- Bohloko ba mpa
- Matšoao a tomoso a pheta-phetoang kapa molomo oa thrush
- Molala o thata le hlooho e nang le feberu (e-ea kamoreng ea tšohanyetso)
Tsela ea ho Phekola Mathata a Immunodeficiency
Ho thibela tšoaetso le ho phekola lefu leha e le lefe le tšoaetso e hlahang ho tloha tsamaisong ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ke eona feela pakane ea phekolo ea ho itšireletsa mafung.
Batho ba nang le ts'oaetso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ba lokela ho qoba ho ikopanya le batho ba nang le tšoaetso kapa mathata a tšoaetsanoang. Ho qoba batho ba entsoeng liente tsa bophelo ba li-virus nakong e fetileng libeke tse 2 ho buelloa haholo.
Haeba tšoaetso e ntse e tsoela pele, ngaka ea hau e ka 'na ea fana ka tlhahiso ea phekolo e mabifi bakeng sa tšoaetso ka ho buella litlhare tse latelang:
- Tšebeliso ea nako e telele ea lithibela-mafu kapa meriana e thibelang likokoana-hloko hammoho le phekolo e thibelang (prophylactic) e ka 'na ea khothalletsoa ke ngaka ea hau.
- Matšoao a likokoana-hloko le mefuta e meng ea kankere e ka hloka meriana ea immunostimulant e kang Interferon, kaha ke meriana e ntlafatsang tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung.
- Bakuli ba HIV kapa AIDS ba ka 'na ba nka lithethefatsi tse ngata ho ntlafatsa tšoaetso ea mafu le ho fokotsa lenane la tšoaetso ea HIV mmele.
- Liente tse khahlanong le libaktheria tse kang Streptococcus pneumonia le Haemophilus influenzae li lokela ho tsamaisoa libeke tse peli pele ho buuoa.
- Maemo a itseng a ho itšireletsa mafung a ka 'na a hloka hore motho a kenyelletsoe masapo.
Ka lehlohonolo, ho itšireletsa mafung ho bakoang ke meriana hangata ho fela ha u khaotsa ho noa meriana. Kamehla u latele litaelo tsa ngaka ea hao 'me u se ke ua khaotsa ho nka meriana leha e le efe eo ue fuoeng ntle le haeba u eletsoa hore u etse joalo ka ngaka ea hau.
Lisebelisoa:
"Immunosuppression." Mokhatlo oa Bongaka oa Mosby oa Booki, oa Booki le oa Bophelo bo Kopanetsoeng. 6th ed. New York: Mosby, 2002: 872.
Schwarz, Thomas. "Immunology." Dermatology. Ea bobeli. Ed. Jean Bolognia. New York: Mosby, 2008: 63-75.