Lipatlisiso li senola hore na ke hobane'ng ha liente li hlōleha ho thibela tšoaetso
Ka lilemo tse mashome, ho ne ho lumeloa hore HIV e hateletse pele ho AIDS ka mokhoa o motle ka ho toba: ho phatlalatsoa ke 'mele e le kokoana-hloko e sa lefelloeng, ho itšetlehile ka lisele tsa' mele (haholo-holo CD4 + T-lisele ) le ho qhekella liphatsa tsa bona tsa lefutso e le hore li hlahise likopi tse ngata ka boeona. Ka ho etsa joalo, HIV e khona ho phatlalatsa ho pholletsa le tsamaiso eohle, ho atolosa ka linomoro ho fihlela li-T tsa lisele tse lekaneng li bolaoa ka ho feletseng ho sireletsa tšireletso ea 'mele ea motho (tlhaloso ea kliniki ea AIDS ).
Phuputso e hlahang e bontša hore mohlomong ha ho joalo, kapa bonyane hase lefu leo re neng re nahana ka lona pele. Ha e le hantle, ho tloha bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-1990, bo-rasaense ba ne ba se ba qalile ho hlokomela hore HIV e ka boela ea hasana ka ho toba ho tloha seleng e 'ngoe ho ea ho sele ntle le ho bopa kokoana-hloko leha e le efe e sa tsamaeang.
Tlhahlobo ena ea bobeli, ho latela lipatlisiso tsa Gladstone Institute of Virology le Immunology ea San Francisco , e na le katleho e fetang pakeng tsa 100 le 1 000 ho tlosa lisele tsa CD4 ho feta kokoana-hloko e sa lefelloeng 'me e ka thusa ho hlalosetsa karolo e itseng hore na ke hobane'ng ha hona joale e entsoe mehlala e sitoa ho thibela kapa ho fokotsa HIV ka ho lekaneng.
Ka ho itšolla ka selefouno ho ea ho sele, HIV e ka etsa hore mocheso oa lisele tsa cellular o sebetse moo li-immune li ipolaeang ka bongata. Lipatlisiso li bontša hore hoo e ka bang 95 percnt ea CD4 cell death e bakoa ka mokhoa ona, ho fapana le 5% feela le kokoana-hloko e sa lefelloeng.
Ho hlalosetsa Phallo ea Cell-to-Cell
Ho fetisetsa li-cell-to-cell tsa HIV ho etsahala ka seo ho thoeng ke "virological synapses," moo sele e nang le tšoaetso e khomarelang seleng ea "phomolo" e sebelisang selefouno ea likokoana-hloko ho senya lehare la sele. (Tshebetso ena e ile ea nkoa ka video ka 2012 ke bo-rasaense ba UC Davis le Mount Sinai School of Medicine.)
Hang ha e hlasela, moeti eo o arabela likarolong tsa DNA ea kokoana-hloko, e bakang ts'ebetso e bitsoang pyroptosis moo sele e bonang lipontšo tsa kotsi 'me e butse butle-butle le ho phatloha, e ipolaea. Ha sena se etsahala, sele e phatlohileng e ntša liprotheine tse chesang tse bitsoang cytokines tse bontšang lisele tse ling tsa 'mele tsa ho itšireletsa mafung ho ea hlaselang-lisele tse hlaselitsoeng ka nako eo bakeng sa tšoaetso ea HIV.
Bafuputsi ba Gladstone ba ile ba khona ho bontša hore ka ho thibela ho kopana ha sele-to-cell-ka lik'hemik'hale inhibitors, synaptic blockers, kapa esita le ho arola lisele-CD4 cell cell e ile ea emisoa ka katleho. Ba ile ba etsa qeto ea hore ho kopana ha sele-to-cell ho ne ho "hlokahala ka ho feletseng" e le hore lefu la sele (le ho hatela pele ha mafu) li etsoe.
Liphello tsa Phuputso
Se etsang hore li fumanoe ke tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke hore ha li hlalose feela mokhoa oa ho felisoa ha CD4 cell, hape li bonahatsa mefokolo ea tlhaho nakong ea tlhahlobo ea thibelo ea ente.
Ka kakaretso, mefuta ea ho thibela tšoaetso ea HIV e lebisitse tlhokomelong ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ho lemoha le ho hlasela liprotheine tse holim'a kokoana-hloko e sa lefelloeng. Ha HIV e fetisoa ho tloha seleng e 'ngoe ho ea ho e' ngoe, ha e le hantle, ha e na tšireletso ea ho hlasela, e sirelelitsoe ho tloha ka har'a mohaho o nang le tšoaetso.
E le hore u hlōle sena, mefuta e mecha e tla hloka ho thusa tsamaiso ea 'mele ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e ntlafetseng haholo bakeng sa sebopeho sa synaptic le / kapa ho etsa likokoana-hloko tse ka thibelang mokhoa oa synaptic. Haeba sena se ka finyelloa, bokhoni ba HIV bo tsoela pele ho ea AIDS bo ka fokolloa haholo, kapa ba khaotsa.
Le hoja mekhoa ea phetisetso ea sele-to-cell ha e e-s'o utloisisoe ka botlalo, liphuputso li emela liphetoho tse tebileng kutloisisong ea rona ea hore na HIV e tsoela pele joang ho AIDS 'me e re fa leseli la mekhoa ea ho felisa HIV.
> Mehloli:
Carr, J .; Hocking, H .; Li, P .; et al. "Ho potlakisa le ho atleha ha Cell-to-Cell Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ho tloha Monocyte-Tsoa Macrophages ho ea Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes." Virology. La 20 December, 1999; 265 (2): 319-329.
Doitsh, G ;; Lehlakoreng, N .; le Geng, X. "Cell Cell Death by Pyroptosis Drives CD4 T-Cell Ho Tlosa tšoaetsong ea HIV-1." Lingaka. La 1 November, 2014; 134 (3): 509-514.
Lehlakoreng, N .; Doitsh, G ;; Monroe, K .; et al. "Tlhaloso ea Cell-to-Cell ea HIV-1 e Hlokeha ho Etsa Mofuta oa Lefu la Pyroptotic Lefu la Lymphoid-Tissue-Lisele tsa CD4 T tse nkiloeng." Litlaleho tsa Cell. La 4 August, 2015; e hatisoang Inthanete; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.011.
Setsi sa Univesithi ea California Davis sa Biophotonics Science le Theknoloji. "Pele-Nako e Phelang Video e Senola Hore na HIV e Hasana Joang Pakeng tsa Lihlolo Tsa Immune." Sacramento, California; Khatiso ea Khatiso e Tsoetsoeng ka la 27 March, 2009.