A retrovirus ke kokoana-hloko eo liphatsa tsa lefutso li ngotsoeng ka eona ho RNA ho e-na le DNA. Joaloka likokoana-hloko tse ling, li-retroviruses li lokela ho sebelisa mechine ea cellular ea libōpuoa tseo ba li tšoaetsang ho iketsetsa likopi. Leha ho le joalo, tšoaetso ea retrovirus e hloka bohato bo eketsehileng. Genome ea retrovirus e hloka ho feto-fetoha-e ngotsoe ka DNA pele e ka kopitsoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng.
Enzyme e etsang phetolelo ena ka morao e tsejoa e le reverse transcriptase.
Li-Retroviruses li sebelisa reverse transcriptase ho fetola RNA ea bona e le leseli e le DNA e nang le mefuta e mabeli. Ke DNA e bolokang genome ea lisele le lisele tsa motho ho tsoa mefuteng e meng ea bophelo bo phahameng. Hang ha e fetohile ho tloha ho RNA ho ea ho DNA, kokoana-hloko ea DNA e ka kopanngoa le genome ea lisele tse nang le tšoaetso. Ha liphetolelo tsa DNA tsa likokoana-hloko tsa retroviral li kenngoa ka genome, sele e khelosoa ho kopitsa liphatsa tsa lefutso joalo ka karolo ea mokhoa oa eona oa ho ipheta-pheta. Ka mantsoe a mang, sele e etsa mosebetsi oa kokoana-hloko bakeng sa eona.
Li-retroviruses ke "retro" hobane li fetola tataiso ea mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho kopitsa liphatsa tsa lefutso. Ka tloaelo, lisele li fetolela DNA ho RNA e le hore li ka etsoa liprotheine. Empa le li-retroviruses, tshebetso e tlameha ho qala ka ho khutlela morao. Ntlha ea pele, kokoana-hloko ea RNA e fetoha DNA.
Joale sele e ka etsisa DNA. Sele e ka boela ea ngola DNA hape ho RNA e le mohato oa pele oa ho etsa liprotheine tsa kokoana-hloko.
Mehlala
Retrovirus e tummeng ka ho fetisisa e bakang batho ke HIV . Leha ho le joalo, ho na le li-retroviruses tse ling tsa batho. Tsena li kenyelletsa kokoana-hloko ea T-cell lymphotropic 1 (HTLV-1).
HTLV-1 e amana le tse ling tsa T-cell leukemias le lymphomas. Ho na le li-retrovirus tse ling tse ngata tse fumanoeng e le ho tšoaetsa mefuta e meng ea likokoana-hloko.
Kalafo ea HIV ke e 'ngoe ea mabaka ao batho ba nang le' ona haholoanyane le maikutlo a li-retroviruses. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors e etsa tse ling tsa lihlopha tse tummeng tsa meriana ea HIV . Reverse transcriptase inhibitors e thibela HIV hore e se ke ea kenngoa le genome ea sele e amohelehang. Hona, ho etsa hore sele e se ke ea etsa likopi tsa kokoana-hloko 'me ea fokotsa tsoelo-pele ea tšoaetso. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le mathata a eketsehang le ho hanyetsa lithethefatsi tse ngata lihlopheng tsena.
Ka linako tse ling li-Retroviruses li sebelisoa e le mekhoa ea ho kenya liphatsa tsa lefutso nakong ea phekolo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso Lebaka ke hore likokoana-hloko tsena ka bobeli li bonolo ho fetola le ho kenngoa habonolo mobung oa genome. Sena se bolela hore, ka khopolo, li ka sebelisoa ho etsa hore mechine ea cellular e etse liprotheine ka tsela e tsoelang pele. Ka mohlala, bo-rasaense ba sebelisitse li-retroviruses ho thusa likhoba tsa lefu la tsoekere hore li iketse insulin.
> Mehloli:
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