Li-Bones tsa Bophahamo ba Bophirimela Tse Fetolang ho Utloela Bokong
Li-ossicles tsa li-audition ke letoto la masapo a menyenyane ka har'a tsebe ea bohareng e fetisang molumo ho tloha tsebe ea ka ntle ho ea ka hare ho tsebe ka ho sisinyeha ha mochine.
Mabitso a masapo a kenyelletsang li-ossicles tse hlahang a tsoa Latin. Mahalleus a fetolela "hammer", "incus" ke "ho koahela," 'me litapole ke "marang-rang".
Ha e ntse e le bohareng ba ho utloa, mashome a mararo a masapo a tsitsitseng a kena sebakeng se seholo ho feta peo ea lamunu.
Kamoo Ossicles ea Auditory e sebetsang kateng
Sepheo sa li-ossicles tsa ho hlahloba (e boetse e bitsoa ketane ea mahareng) ke ho fetisa molumo ka tsela ea ketane ea likhahlali tse kopanyang eardrum le tsebe e ka hare le li-cochlea. Hang ha li-vibration li fihla ho li-cochlea, kamore e sekoti, e nang le mohopolo e tletseng metsi, e fetoleloa mehopolong ea methapo eo boko bo hlalosang ka eona.
Tsela ea ketane ea lichelete e qala ha molumo o fihla oardrum (lera la tympanic). Khatello e sisinyehang e fetisetsoa ho "malleus", lesapo le hlalositsoeng le fokolang ho e 'ngoe ea mahlakore a mabeli a khotsofatsang.
Ho thothomela ke ho fetisetsoa ho motsoako o mong o tsitsitseng pele o fetisetsa mehopolo ho li-stapes, eo lesapo la eona le sa bonahalang eka ke leqhubu empa ke le lenyenyane ka ho fetisisa 'meleng.
Karolo ea li-ossicle ea li-auditory e phethehile ha ho kenya letsoho ho fetisetsoa ho li-cochlea ka fensetere ea oval (ho bula pakeng tsa bohareng le tsebe ea hare).
Li-ossicles tsa li-auditory li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho utloa ka hore li-maqhubu a phetoho a tsoang moeeng ho ea ho motsoako o tletseng metsi a cochlea. Ka katleho li matlafatsa li-vibrations tse ka bang 30 li-decibel (dB) ho amohela phetoho ena.
Phatlalatso ea Khalase
Ho phaella tabeng ea ho tsamaisa litsebe, li-ossicles tse sebetsang li sebetsa ka mokhoa o sireletsang ha li pepeseha molumo o tsoelang pele, o lerata.
Ha sena se etsahala, mesifa ea eardrum (e bitsoang stapedius le mesifa ea tensor tympani) e tla sebetsa tumellano. Ho tiisa ho fokotsa bokhoni ba eardrum ho thothomela, ka tsela eo ho fokotsa ho tsamaisoa ha li-ossicles tse nang le lintlha le phello ea molumo.
Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela, leha ho le joalo, hore sena ha se karabo hang-hang. Sekapali se pakeng tsa eardrum le bokooa le morao e tlameha ho qala ho tsosoa ke lerata le phahameng pele moholi o hlaha. Ka hona, eardrum le litsebe li ka 'na tsa se ke tsa sireletsoa ho tsoa lerata le lerata le phahameng.
Lilemo li ka boela tsa lieha ho potlakisa sekhahla, ho etsa hore batho ba baholo ba kotsing ea ho utloa kotsi.
Mathata a Auditory Ossicles
Li-ossicles tsa li-auditory li ka senyeha ka linako tse ling, ka bobeli ka ho toba le ka tsela e sa tobang. Ho lematsa ho ka baka tahlehelo ea kutlo, ka linako tse ling e le matla, 'me e kenyeletsa:
- Otosclerosis , e leng boemo boo masapo a maiketsetso a fokolang ka 'ona' me ka linako tse ling ho hlokahala ho buuoa
- Ho tlosoa ha masapo a mangata ka lebaka la ho robeha, ho tsieleha, kapa tšoaetso e sa foleng
- Cholesteatoma , leqhoa le hlahang ka morao ea sekepe 'me le sitisa ho tsamaea ha masapo a mangata
- Eardrum perforation kapa tshwaetso (myringitis) e fokotsang maikutlo a ho sisinya ho masapo a utloahalang
- Likooa tsa lipalesa tse ka hare tse ka etsang hore ho be le metsi a mangata a thibelang ho tsamaisa bone
- Mathata a liphatsa tsa lefutso a sitisang ntlafatso e tloaelehileng ea li-ossicles
> Mohloli:
> Saha, R .; Srimani, P .; Mazumdar, A. et al. "Morphological Variations of Ear Middle Ossicles le Ts'ebetsong ea Bophelo ba Meriana." J Clin Diagn Res. 2017; 11 (1): AC01-04. NA: 10.7860 / JCDR / 2017 / 23906.9147.