Ho qhekella likhopolo tse tloaelehileng mabapi le liphello tsa lithethefatsi tsa sulfa
Sulfa Allergy ke lentsoe le sebelisetsoang ho hlalosa mokhoa o mobe oa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi ho sulfonamides, sehlopha sa lithethefatsi tse akarelletsang lithibela-mafu le li-antibiotics.
Ho na le maikutlo a tloaelehileng a fosahetseng hore lithethefatsi tsohle tsa sulfonamide li na le monyetla oa ho baka mafu, empa sena hase nnete. Li-antibiotic sulfonamides (tse sebelisoang ho phekola tšoaetso ea baktheria) li ka 'na tsa etsa hore li se ke tsa e-ba teng ho feta li-antibiotictic.
Le hoja lithethefatsi tsohle li na le monyetla oa ho baka mafu a mangata, li-antibiotic sulfonamide ke mehloli e fokolang.
Kakaretso
Maemong a mangata, motho ea nang le likokoana-hloko tsa sulfa o tla ba le tšoaetso e fokolang ho e 'ngoe kapa tse ling tsa lithethefatsi tse latelang tsa lithibela-mafu:
- Septra (sulfamethoxazole le trimethoprim)
- Bactrim (sulfamethoxazole le trimethoprim)
- Pediazole (erythromycin le sulfafurazole)
Tsamaiso ena ha e tloaelehile ebile e ama likarolo tse tharo tsa batho bohle. Ena ke tekanyo e tšoanang le e bonoang ka mefuta e meng ea lithibela-mafu, ho akarelletsa le penicillin .
Batho ba bang ba bonahala ba le kotsing e kholo ea sulfa ho feta tse ling. Tsena li kenyeletsa batho ba nang le mabaka a sa tšoaneng, ba fokolisang lithethefatsi butle-butle kapa ba fokolisitsoe tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung (ba amohelang litho tsa' mele le batho ba nang le HIV).
Matšoao
Matšoao le ho tiea ha sulfa mafu a mangata a ka fapana empa hangata a kenyelletsa ponahalo ea ho phatloha hohle.
Li-hives le kutloisiso e khanyang ( photosensitivity ) le tsona li tloaelehile.
Maemong a boima haholo, ho qhoma ha lehare ho ka 'na ha tsamaea le ho ruruha ha sefahleho, matsoho, maoto le leleme (tsejoang e le angioedema ). Hangata sena ke selelekela se ka kotsing ea bophelo, liketso tsohle tsa 'mele tse tsejoang e le lefu la Stevens-Johnson le chefo ea epidermal necrolysis .
Maemo ana ka bobeli a khetholloa ke ho phatloha ho matla ha letlalo le lefu la mafura a potlakileng.
Lipontšo tse ling tse matla tsa lefu la sulfa li akarelletsa:
- Kotsi ea sebete, e khetholloang ke ho hlahisa lefu la sebete
- Ho senyeha ha liphio kapa ho hlōleha
- Pneumonia-e kang lefu la ho hema
- Matšoao a macha , mokokotlo oa methapo ea mali le phallo ea mali
Ke habohlokoa ho nka ka ho teba lihlahisoa tsohle tse amanang le lithethefatsi ho sa tsotellehe hore na li bonolo hakae. Maemong a mang, tšebeliso e tsoelang pele ea lithethefatsi tsa sulfa e ka fetola moferefere o bonolo ho kena ketsahalong e sokelang bophelo.
Tsejoa
Ha ho na teko ea mali kapa ea letlalo e fumanoang ho hlahloba sulfa allergy. Tlhahlobo ena e entsoe ka ho phethahetseng ho hlahisa matšoao a lumellanang le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsa sulfonamide.
Phekolo
Ho tloaelehile ho bua, moeli oa pele oa phekolo ea sulfa ho tsoa hohle ke ho felisoa ha moriana o belaelitsoeng.
Ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore phekolo ea meriana ea tšohanyetso e hlokahale ho batho ba nang le matšoao a lefu la Stevens-Johnson kapa lefu la epidermal necrolysis. Hangata sena se kenyelletsa li-hospitalization, metsi a mangata, le mehato e tšoanang e sebelisoang ha e sebetsana le ho chesa haholo.
Maemong a maholohali moo lithethefatsi tsa sulfa li nkoang e le tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho phekola tšoaetso, litekanyo tse nyane li ka fuoa 'me butle-butle tsa eketseha ha meriana e mamelloa hantle.
Hangata sena se hloka tlhokomelo ea motho e mong le e mong ea nang le phihlelo ea liketsahalo tse chefo.
Meriana e Lokelang ho e Qoba
Batho ba nang le lefuba le tsebahalang kamehla ba lokela ho hlahloba le ngaka pele ba qala meriana e mecha. Sena ke 'nete ka ho khetheha ho ba ileng ba e-ba le bohato bo matla bo fetileng.
Ntle le meriana ea lithibela-mafu, li-sulfonamide tsa lihlooho li lokela ho qojoa ho akarelletsa:
- Sulfacetamide marotholi a mahlo, shampoo, kapa litlolo
- Li-sulfadiazine tse sebelisoang ho phekola
- Litokisetso tsa botšehali tsa Sulfanilamide
Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, lipilisi tsa molomo oa Azulfidine (sulfasalazine) , tse sebelisetsoang ho phekola lefu la 'mele le lefu la ramatiki, li lokela ho qojoa.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, kotsi ea ho khutlisetsoa sepakapakeng ho sa antibiotic sulfonamide e tlaase. Sena se bolela hore ka kakaretso ho sireletsehile ho nka lithethefatsi tse latelang:
- Diuretics (lipilisi tsa metsi) tse kang HCTZ (hydrochlorothiazide) le Lasix (furosemide)
- Oral sulfonylureas - lithethefatsi tse sebelisoang ho phekola lefu la tsoekere
- Celebrex (celecoxib), COX-2 inhibitor e sebelisetsoang ho phekola ramatiki le bohloko
Sulfite le Sulfate Allergies
Hangata batho ba tlatsa phoso ea sulfa bakeng sa menyetla ea sulfite , eo qetello ea eona e amanang le li-preservatives tse fumanoang lijong le meriana. Tsena li kenyeletsa mahlahana a joalo a polokelo e le:
- Sodium sulfite
- Bisulfite ea sodium
- Metabisulfite ea sodium
- Potassium bisulfite
- Potassium metabisulfite
Le hoja li-sulfite li ka baka mafu a mang le a mang , ha ho na kamano e tobileng pakeng tsa sulfa le sulfite. Ka lebaka leo, motho ea nang le likokoana-hloko tsa sulfa ha aa lokela ho qoba sulfite (kapa ka tsela e hlakileng).
Ho joalo le ka lithethefatsi tse nang le asiti ea sulfuric e tsejoang e le sulfate . Joaloka li-sulfite, li-sulfate li ka 'na tsa baka ho kula, empa lithethefatsi ha li tsamaisane le sulfonamide kapa kotsi ea sulfa. Tsena li kenyeletsa meriana e kang:
- Albuterol sulfate e sebelisetsoang ho tšoara maloetse a hlabang
- Sulfate ea tšepe e sebelisoang ho phekola khaello ea mali e nang le khaello ea tšepe
- Chondroitin sulfate e sebelisetsoang ho phekola lefu la masapo a osteoarthritis
- Codeine sulfate, sesepa sa opioid se sebelisetsoeng ho phomola bohloko
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho
Lits'oants'o tsa sulfa tsa mafu a mangata li ka ba tse makatsang ho tsuba, esita le ho bafani ba bang ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Ke ka lebaka leo ho bohlokwa ho bolella ngaka ea hau ka tsela efe kapa efe eo u neng u e-na le eona pele u e-na le meriana ea sulfa (kapa lithethefatsi leha e le life bakeng sa taba eo).
Ka ho etsa joalo, ngaka ea hau e tla khona ho fumana motho ea nkang sebaka se seng monyetla oa ho baka mathata.
> Mehloli:
> Joint Task Force ka Mekhoa ea Boitšoaro, le al. "Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi ea lithethefatsi: mokhoa o ntlafalitsoeng oa boithaopo." Ann Bohloeki bo Botle ba Mafu Immunol. 2010; 105 (4): 259-73. NA: 10.1016 / j.anai.2010.08.002.
> Wulf, N. le Matuszewski, K. "Sulfonamide cross-reactivity: na ho na le bopaki ba ho tšehetsa sefapano se pharaletseng?" Am J Healthy Pharm . 2013 Sep 1; 70 (17): 1483-94. DOI: 10.2146 / ajhp120291.
> Zawodniak, A .; Lochmatter, P .; Beeler, A. le al. "Ho feto-fetoha ha methapo ea metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale tsa lithethefatsi ho sulfasalazine le sulfamethoxazole." Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2010; 153 (2): 152-6. NA: 10.1159 / 000312632.