Histori ea ho Buuoa
Mesebetsi ea pele ea ho buuoa historing e ne e le ea bohlokoa haholo 'me mohlomong e ne e etsoa ka lebaka la ho tsieleha kapa ho hloka tsebo. Ho buuoa ka tsela eo re e tsebang ha hoa ka ha qala ho fihlela qetellong ea lilemo tsa bo-1800, 'me leha ho le joalo, tšoaetso e ne e tloaelehile' me liphello li futsanehile. Ho ea ka mehloli e meng, ho fihlela lilemong tsa bo-1900 kotsing ea ho shoa ka mor'a ho buuoa e ne e le tlase ho 50%, ka mor'a hore nako ea lekholo la lilemo e be monyetla oa ts'ebetso ea ho buoa e kholo ho feta phetoho ea ho shoa hang-hang kapa hang ka mor'a ho buuoa.
Mekhoa ea ho buuoa e tloaelehileng kajeno, e kang li-appendectomies, e ne e sa etsoa kamehla. Ha e le hantle, ho fihlela ka 1885, motho ea nang le appendicitis o ne a lebeletsoe hore a shoe ke tšoaetso e ileng ea etsahala hang ha sehlomathiso se fela. Mekhoa ea mathoasong e ne e le ntho e nyarosang, kapa e thata ka litekanyetso tsa kajeno, kaha anesthesia e ne e sa tloaelehe ho sebelisoa ho fihlela bohareng ba bo-1800.
Kajeno, opereishene e nka mefuta e fapa-fapaneng 'me e atisa ho etsoa ka mekhoa e fokolang ea tlhaho. Sena se khutsufatsa linako tsa ho hlaphoheloa, liphello tse ntlafetseng le mathata a fokolang ho bakuli ba bangata.
E le hore u utloisise hore na ho buuoa ho hongata ho fetotsoe joang, sheba lintlha tsa mekhoa e meholo tšimong.
Lintlha Tsa Bohlokoa Tlalehong ea Lipatlisiso
6 500 BCE - Mangele a fumanoang Fora a bontša matšoao a ho buuoa ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang o bitsoang trepanation, e leng ho akarelletsang ho cheka lesoba ka lehata.
1540 CE - Li-barbers le li-chirurgiki tsa Senyesemane li kopana ho theha United Barber-Surgeons Company.
Litsebi tsena tsa bo-ralibi ba etsang li-extraction tsa leino le ho tlohela mali. Lingaka li ne li nkoa e le mosebetsi o fapaneng ka ho feletseng, ho phekola bokuli ka meriana.
1818 - Tšelo ea pele ea mali a motho.
1843 - Pherekano ea pele e etsoa, Engelane.
1843 - Tšebeliso ea pele ea ether e le sethoathoa.
1846 - Tšebeliso ea pele ea batho ba anesthesia nakong ea ho buuoa.
Ether e ne e sebelisoa. Mokuli o ne a elelloa empa a sa utloe bohloko nakong ea mokhoa oa ho tlosa hlahala molala.
1867 - Ngaka e buoang ea Brithani Joseph Lister o phatlalatsa Molao oa Antiseptic ho Buuoa, ho rorisa makhabane a bohloeki ha ho buuoa. Palo ea batho ba shoang ba kulang hang-hang ea oa.
1885 - Appendectomy ea pele e atlehileng e etsoang, Iowa.
1890s - Ho sebelisoa ha lik'hemik'hale ho fokotsa likokoana-hloko. Asiti ea carbolic e ne e behoa lihlahisoa tsa ho fokotsa likokoana-hloko le ho fokotsa lits'oaetso tsa ts'oaetso.
1893 - Phekolo ea pele ea pelo e atlehileng, Hospital Hospital, Chicago. Ho buuoa ho ile ha lokisoa li-pericardium, lesela le pota-potile pelo. Ba bangata ha ba nahane hore ena ke eona ea pele ea "ho buuoa ke pelo" hobane pelo e sa sebelisoe.
1895 - X-ray ea pele e etsoa, Jeremane.
1896 - Phekolo ea pele ea pelo e atlehileng, Jeremane. Lingaka tsa ngaka li ile tsa lokisa leqeba la ho hlaba ka har'a mesifa ea ventricle e nepahetseng.
1905 - Pele ho atleha ho kenyelletsa Cornea.
1917 - Palo ea pele ea ho buuoa ka polasetiki e ngotsoeng pele, ka sekepe sa Senyesemane sa chesang.
1922 - Insulin ea pele e sebelisetsoa ho phekola lefu la tsoekere, e lumellang batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere hore ba phele ka mor'a ho hlahlojoa.
1928 - Likokoana-hloko li fumanoe.
1930 - Monna oa Lejeremane o na le phetoho ea pele ea ho kopanela liphate (ho mosali).
1937 - Banka ea pele ea mali e bula, ho thusa ho etsa opereishene e eketsehileng ka ho phekola mali nakong ea ts'ebetso.
1940 - Ho qala opereishene ea pele ea tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe.
Lilemong tsa bo-1950 - Litsela tsa pele tsa LASIK li ile tsa etsoa, Columbia.
1950 - Pele ho atleha ho kenyelletsa setopo . Motho ea fumaneng liphio o ile a lahla setho ka mor'a likhoeli tse robeli.
1952 - Pula -pele ea pele ea pelo e atlehileng moo pelo e emisitsoeng le ho tsosolosoa.
1953 - Ho buuoa ka katleho ka pele ho sebelisa mochine oa li -heart-lung .
1954 - Phetoho ea liphio ea pele ea liphio ea pele e atlehileng, liphio li ne li fanoa ke lefahla la mor'abo rōna. Motho ea amohetseng mohoeletsi o phetse lilemo tse robeli ka mor'a mokhoa ona.
1966 - Ho qala ho kenyelletsoa ha pancreas pele.
1967 - Ho kenyelletsa pele ho sebetsana le sebete sa pele.
1967 - Ho buuoa ka pele ho pelo ho etsoang ke South African Christian Barnard. Motho ea amohelang pelo o ile a pholoha matsatsi a 18 ho fihlela a oela pneumonia.
1975 - Tlhahlobo ea pele ea 'mele e sebelisoang ka mokhoa oa laparoscopic , kapa oa tlhaho e nyenyane.
1978 - Ntho ea pele ea "test-tube" e hlahile lesea.
1982 - Jarvik-7 pelo ea maiketsetso e sebelisitsoeng.
1984 - Baby Fae e phela matsatsi a 21 ka mor'a hore a fetisetsoe ka pelo ea tlhaho.
1985 - Tlhahlobo ea pele ea ho buuoa ka robotiki.
1999 - Tlhahlobo ea pele ea letsoho le atlehileng (pele bakuli ba ne ba hanne mekhoa ea bona ea matsoho).
2000 - da Vinci mokhoa oa ho buoa oa robotiki o fumana tumello ea tumello ea lijo le lithethefatsi tsa US. Tsamaiso ena e se e sebelisoa ka mekhoa e fapa-fapaneng ea litsela, ho kenyeletsoa ho buuoa ha prostate le methapo ea lithapo tsa mokokotlo .
2007 - Palo ea pele ea tlhaho ea ho fetola tlhaho ea tlhaho ea phetoho e etsoang. Mokhoa ona o sebelisa tsela ea tlhaho ea 'mele, joaloka molomo, ho kenya lisebelisoa le ho fokotsa nako ea ho iphelisa.
2008 - Connie Culp e na le lekhetlo la pele la ho kenyelletsa lifahleho ka ho feletseng United States, e entsoeng ho The Cleveland Clinic.
2010 - Phetolelo ea pele ea lefatse ka ho feletseng e entsoeng, Spain.
2013 - Tsamaiso ea phekolo ea methapo ea meriana e fa mokuli oa paraplegic matla a ho tsamaisa matsoho.
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho:
Phekolo e tsoela pele ho iphetola, 'me saense e etsa tsoelo-pele e khōlō letsatsi le leng le le leng. Joalokaha saense le lipatlisiso li lebisa mekhoeng e mecha le e ntlafetseng ea ho buoa, bakuli ba na le liphello tse molemo, ho fumanoa ka potlako le bohloko bo fokolang
> Mehloli:
> Phekolo ea pelo. Baldwin, Elefteriades, le Kopf. http://www.med.yale.edu/library/heartbk/25.pdf
> Histori ea Phallo-Timeline. Organtransplants.org Fumana ka December, 2011. http://www.organtransplants.org/understanding/history/index.html
> Lisebelisoa tsa ho Buoa: Histori ea Bophelo. Theknoloji ea Theknoloji. E fihlile ka December, 2011. http://www.surgicaltechnologist.net/resources/surgical-resources-the-history-of-surgery/