Bophelo ba halofo ea lithethefatsi tse fapaneng bo fapana haholo.
Ha ho na lithethefatsi tse lulang tsamaisong ea hau ka ho sa feleng. Ho pharmacology, nako eo ho hlokahalang hore moriana o fokotse ka halofo ea mahloriso ea mali (mali) e bitsoa halofo ea bophelo (t 1/2 ). (Ho hlalosa hore re bua ka bophelo ba halofo ea bophelo ke ntho ea bohlokoa kahobane halofo ea bophelo ke khopolo e sa tobang ea meriana. Ka mohlala, filosofi ea nyutlelie, bophelo ba halofo bo bolela ho bolaoa ha li-radioactive.)
Ka kakaretso, thuto ea halofo ea bophelo e bontša mokhoa o itseng oa pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics e bua ka ho ithuta kamoo moriana o tsamaeang ka 'mele kateng-ho kena, ho aba le ho felisoa. Bo-rasaense le lingaka ba amehile ka halofo ea bophelo e le metric. Leha ho le joalo, joaloka bareki ba tsebang, ke khopolo e ntle hore bohle ba tsebe bonyane ba bophelo ba halofo.
Half-Life Formula
Mona ke mokhoa oa halofo ea bophelo:
T 1/2 = [(0.693) (Moqolo oa Phatlalatso)] / Tlhaloso
Joalokaha ho bontšoa ka lebone, bophelo ba halofo ea lithethefatsi bo itšetlehile ka ho toba ka boholo ba eona ba ho ajoa kapa hore na moriana o ntse o ata hakae ho pholletsa le 'mele. Ka mantsoe a mang, hangata moriana o abela mmele oa hau haholo, o nka nako e telele ho phela. Ho feta moo, karolo ea halofo ea lithethefatsi ena e itšetlehile ka ho itšetleha ka 'mele oa hao. Sena se bolela hore ha tekanyo ea tumello ea lithethefatsi e tsoang 'meleng oa hao e phahame, joale halofo ea bophelo e khutšoanyane.
Tlhokomeliso, lithethefatsi li hlakisoa ke liphio tsa hau ka bobeli le sebete.
Mehlala ea Half-Life
Mona ke lithethefatsi tse tloaelehileng le bophelo ba bona ba halofo:
- Oxycodone (meriana ea bohloko): lihora tse 2 ho isa ho tse 3
- Zoloft (ho imeloa kelellong): lihora tse 26
- Phenobarbital (meriana ea li-antiseizure): lihora tse 53 ho ea ho tse 118
- Celebrex (NSAID kapa meriana ea bohloko): lihora tse 11.2
Kinetics
E le mokhoa o nang le morero oa pharmacokinetics, bophelo ba halofo bo sebetsa ho lithethefatsi ka kinetics ea pele. Kinetics ea pele e bolela hore ho felisoa ha lithethefatsi ho itšetlehile ka tekanyo ea pele ea lithethefatsi. Ka tekanyo e kholo ea pele, lithethefatsi tse ngata li hlakisoa. Lithethefatsi tse ngata li latela kinetics ea pele.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, lithethefatsi tse nang le li-kinetic tsa zero li tlosoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang. Joala ke mohlala oa lithethefatsi o felisoang ke li-kinetics tsa zero. Tlhokomeliso, ha mekhoa ea boipheliso ea lithethefatsi e khotsofatsoa, joalo ka ha e etsahala ka ho feta tekano, lithethefatsi tse latelang li-kinetics li fetolela ho kinetics ea zero.
Lilemo
Batho ba hōlileng, halofo ea bophelo ea lithethefatsi tse ntseng li qhibiliha ka mafura li eketseha ka lebaka la boleng bo eketsehileng ba ho abeloa. Hangata batho ba baholo ba na le lisele tse ngata haholo ho feta tsa bacha. Lilemo, leha ho le joalo, li na le phello e fokolang haholoanyane ho thibetsoeng ka mahlahahlaha. Ka lebaka la nako e telele ea bophelo ba lithethefatsi, hangata batho ba hōlileng ba hloka litekanyetso tse fokolang kapa tse fokolang tsa lithethefatsi ho feta bacha. Tlhahisoleseding e amanang le eona, batho ba nang le bobebe ba na le boholo bo bongata ba ho abuoa, le bona.
Ka tsamaiso e tsoelang pele (ka mohlala BID kapa habeli-ka-letsatsi dosing), ka mor'a hore halofo ea bophelo ba halofo ho isa ho e mehlano e fetile, moriana o fihlile mohopolong o tsitsitseng oo palo ea lithethefatsi e felisoang e lekanyelitsoeng ke chelete e fanoang.
Lebaka leo ka lona lithethefatsi li iphe nako ea ho "sebetsa" ke hobane li hloka ho fihlella mahloriso a boemo bo tsitsitseng. Tlhahisoleseding e amanang le eona, e boetse e nka pakeng tsa tse mashome a mabeli le a mahlano tsa bophelo bakeng sa lithethefatsi ho tlosa tsamaiso ea hau.
Ntle le ho hlahloba ka tekanyo tekanyo ea batho ba hōlileng ba nang le lithethefatsi nako e telele, batho ba nang le bolokolohi le lintlha tse ling tse lokelang ho etsoa ba lokela ho hlokomeloa ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng ke lingaka tsa bona tse hlophisitsoeng. Ka mohlala, motho ea nang le lefu la renal ea bofelo (liphio tse senyehileng) a ka ba le chefo ea digoxin, meriana ea pelo, kamora beke ea phekolo e ka bang 0,25 mg ka letsatsi kapa ho feta.
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