Na u motlatsi oa kholiseho kapa ea lihlong? Na u ipeha kotsing? Na bophelo ba hau bo hlophisitsoe? Na u halefa habonolo? Litokomane tse fetang 20 000 tsa saense li bontša hore liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa rona li susumetsa botho ba rona. Litsebi tse ling tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso li pheha khang ea hore karolo ea 60 lekholong ea botho ba rona e tsoaloa, ha tse ling li hlaha ka lebaka la maemo a tikoloho.
Leha ho le joalo, sena ha se bolele hore ha re na tšusumetso leha e le efe boitšoarong ba rona.
Ka ho utloisisa litšobotsi tsa rona ka botho, re ka ithuta ho tsamaea bophelo ba rona ka mokhoa o atlehileng haholoanyane. Hona joale, ho na le theknoloji e ka re thusang ho kenyelletsa liphatsa tsa lefutso le tsa kelello ka likarolo tse ling tsa bophelo ba rona, tse kang likamano, mosebetsi le bophelo bo botle.
DNA ea pele-Matched Flatshares
Le hoja karolo ea 99,6 lekholong ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa rona li tšoana, bohle re ikhethile. Le hoja karolo e ka tlaase ho 1 lekholong ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa rona li na le phapang, phapang ena ke eona e etsang hore e mong le e mong oa rona a khethehe Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) e tšoantšetsa liphetoho tse tloaelehileng haholo tsa lefutso tse etsang hore re ikhethang. SNPs e ama mahomone a rona le lihlahisoa tsa tlhahiso ea kelello. Kaha li-hormone li bontšitse hore li na le tšusumetso boitšoarong ba rona, re ka e tšoaea ke SNP e fanang ka boitšoaro ba rona matla a liphatsa tsa lefutso. Ka mohlala, litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa hormone oxytocin li ka fumanoa ho motho ea lerato, ha maemo a phahameng a dopamine a amana le batho ba nang le likotsi.
Hona joale liteko tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso li fumaneha tse ka hlalosang liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amanang le li-hormone le li-neurotransmitters, ho akarelletsa le dopamine, oxytocin le serotonin. Liteko tsena li ka u thusa ho ithuta ho eketsehileng ka boikutlo ba hau ba liphatsa tsa lefutso. Gemetrics le LifeNome ke lik'hamphani tse peli tse fanang ka DNA-litlhahlobo tsa botho tse u fang monyetla oa ho hlahloba liphatsa tsa hau tsa lefutso ha li amana le karolo eo ba ka e bapalang boitšoarong ba hau bochabeng, bokhoni, mokhoa oa ho hopola, hammoho le mokhoa oa ho ithuta.
Liphuputso tsa morao-rao tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa boitšoaro li ile tsa boela tsa susumetsa khopolo ea ho sebelisa DNA-tlhahlobo ea botho ha u batla molekane ea loketseng oa ntlo. SpareRoom, folete ea mohaho le ntlo ea marang-rang e sebetsang United States le United Kingdom e hlahisa tšebeletso e ncha ho u thusa ho fumana moahi ea tla lumellana le boemo ba hau ba DNA. Khampani e haha ka theknoloji e hlahisoang ke Karmagenes, e qalileng e thehiloeng Switzerland e kopanyang DNA le tlhahlobo ea kelello ea maikutlo.
Karmagenes, eo motsoako oa eona e reng "Kopana le uena," o thehile theknoloji ea eona ea bophelo bo botle ho sebelisa liphuputso tse entsoeng ke lipatlisiso tse hatisitsoeng. SpareRoom ba ngolisitsoeng ba fuoa lisebelisoa tsa ho itlhahloba ho fana ka mohlala oa matheba a bona. Basebeletsi ba boetse ba nka lipotso tsa inthaneteng tsa psychometric. Ka laborateng ea Karmagenes, DNA ea hau e tlosoa lisele tsa hau tsa sepakapaka. SNP tsa hau li tsejoa le ho hlahlojoa ka li-bioinformatics. Bafuputsi ba Karmagenes ba sebelisa kemiso e khethehileng ea algorithm ho amahanya li-SNP le liphatsa tsa lefutso ka litšobotsi tse sa tšoaneng tsa boitšoaro.
Tlaleho ea ho qetela e qetellang e akaretsa litšobotsi tse 14 tsa botho-ho kenyelletsana le tšepo, kholiseho le mamello ea khatello ea kelello-le ho bontša kamoo litšobotsi tsena li susumelitsoeng kateng ke liphatsa tsa lefutso Sepheo sa SpareRoom ke ho sebelisa litlhahiso tsa Karmagenes ho eletsa batho hore na ke botho ba mofuta ofe boo ba lokelang ho bo bapisa le bona, ho fokotsa menyetla ea ho kopana ha li-disharmonia.
Nako e Ncha ea Genomic Psychology
Litsebi tse ling li pheha khang ea hore haeba u tseba boitsebiso ba liphatsa tsa lefutso ho phaella bophelong ba bophelo ba hae, u ka utloisisa boitšoaro ba motho ka tsela e molemo. A sebelisa boitsebiso bo khethehileng ba motho ka mong, setsebi sa kelello se ka etsa qeto ea bophelo bo botle ba kelello. Ka lithuto tse ncha tsa saense le tsa theknoloji, kelello ea setso e fetoloa ho ea ka bo-psychological psychology. Tsela ea genomic e sheba ho sebelisana pakeng tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso le tikoloho molekong oa limolek'hule-e fetela ka ho feteletseng.
Moprofesa Turhan Canli oa Univesithing ea Stony Brook, New York, o pheha khang ea hore nakong e tlang tlhahlobo ea genomic e ka thusa litsebi tsa kelello ha li hlalose feela empa hape li bolela esale pele 'me mohlomong li fetola boitšoaro ba batho.
Lipatlisiso tsa hae li shebile mekhoa ea likokoana-hloko e bakang phapang pakeng tsa bona.
Ka mohlala, sehlopha sa hae sa lipatlisiso se 'nile sa hlahloba li-link tse ka khonehang tsa ho tepella maikutlong. Ba qalile mekhabiso ea li-corralate tsa neural tsa ho sebelisana pakeng tsa genotype ea serotonin le khatello ea maikutlo. Serotonin e tsamaisang liphatsa tsa lefutso e teng ka chromosome 17, 'me re na le kopi e le' ngoe ho motsoali e mong le e mong. Motho a ka ba le mefuta e 'meli e fokolang ea lefutso lena, e le' ngoe e khutšoanyane le e le 'ngoe e telele, kapa tse peli tse telele tse sa tšoaneng. Sehlopha sa Canli se sebelisitse fMRI ho lekanya ts'ebetso ea boko ba libaka tse amanang le khatello ea kelello le ho tepella maikutlo (amygdala le hippocampus) le litekanyetso tse feletseng tsa tšollo ea mali nakong ea phomolo ho batho ba nang le histori ea khatello ea maikutlo. Ba tšoantšetse liphetho le genotype ea motho.
Ba ile ba fumana hore ha ba jara karolo e khutšoanyane ea chromosome ea serotonin ea 17, khatello ea bophelo e ne e amana le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ho phomola. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho bajari ba mefuta e telele e fapaneng, khatello ea kelello e ile ea etsa hore ho be le nako e tlaase ea ho phomola. Canli o ile a etsa qeto ea hore khatello ea kelello e ka ba le phello e fapaneng ho batho ho itšetlehile ka mokhoa oa serotonine oa liphatsa tsa lefutso. Tšusumetso e senyang e ka bonoa ho bajari ba nang le mefuta e meholo e telele, ha bajari ba allele e khutšoanyane ba matlafatsoa haholo ke khatello ea kelello.
Gene polymorphisms e 'nile ea hlahlojoa libakeng tse ling tsa kelello. Mekhatlo e ne e boetse e fumanoa ka schizophrenia, boloetse ba Alzheimer, khatello ea tlhokomelo ea ho kula, le maikutlo a matšoenyeho le matšoenyeho. Patlisiso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e bonahala e fana ka kutloisiso ea bohlokoa boitšoarong ba rona.
Meeli ea Mekhoa ea Liphatsa tsa Lefutso
Le hoja liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa boitšoaro li tlatsetsa karolo ea bohlokoa ea lipatlisiso tsa boitšoaro, saense e ke ke ea bolela hore DNA ea rona ke qetello ea rona. Bo-rasaense ba ka khona ho hlahisa litoeba tse ka sebete kapa tse tšabehang, leha ho le joalo, ho na le lintho tse ngata tse rarahaneng tse amanang le liphatsa tsa lefutso-tikoloho tse etsang hore batho ba thatafalloe ke ho "arola" mabapi le ho bolela esale pele boitšoaro ba bona. Ha ho motho ea ka tsebang hantle hore na u tla ba motho oa mofuta ofe le hore na u tla etsa eng haese feela ka liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa hau. Khopolo ena e ts'ehetsoa ka ho eketsehileng ke ho hlaha ha epigenetics, e bolelang hore liphatsa tsa lefutso li ka fetoloa le ho tima ka mabaka a kantle kapa a tikoloho.
Leha ho le joalo, theknoloji e ncha e ka 'na ea fana ka monyetla o thabisang oa ho fumana tsebo ho psyche ea rona. Ha theknoloji ena ea bophelo bo botle e fetoha, ke habohlokoa hore tsoelo-pele ena e se ke ea tlatlapuoa le ho sebelisoa ka litsela tse sa lokelang (mohlala, ho utloisa lihlopha tse itseng tsa batho bohloko kapa ho eketsa mathata ho ba seng ba le kotsing). Batho ba bangata ba fumana ho tšoana pakeng tsa boitšoaro ba liphatsa tsa lefutso le eugenics. Litsebi li lumellana hore re lokela ho hlokomela melemo le mekhoa e metle ea theknoloji e ncha e amanang le liphatsa tsa lefutso le ho sebelisa tsoelo-pele ea tšimo ka tsela e hlokolosi le e hlokolosi.
> Mohloli
> Bouchard Jr. T, Loehlin J. Genese, ho iphetola ha lintho, le botho ba hae. Boits'oaro ba liphatsa tsa lefutso . 2001; 31 (3): 243-273.
> Canli T. Ho hlaha ha genomic psychology. Lintlha tsa tlhahlobo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso li ka lumella li-psychologists ho utloisisa, ho bolela esale pele le ho fetola boitšoaro ba batho. EMBO Reports . 2007; 8 (Suppl1): S30-S34.
> McGue M. Qetellong ea boitšoaro ba liphatsa tsa lefutso ?. Boits'oaro ba liphatsa tsa lefutso . May 2010; 40 (3): 284-296.
> Plomin R, Colledge E. Genetics le kelello ea kelello: Ka ntle ho phetoho. Setsebi sa kelello sa Europe . 2001; 6 (4): 229-240.