Seo Makala a Hao a se Senolang ka Tekanyetso ea Hao ea Botsofali
Na liphio tsa hao, pelo kapa esita le matsoele a hao a ka tsofala ka potlako ho feta 'mele oa hao kaofela? Lipatlisiso tse ling li bontša hore hase likarolo tsohle tsa nako ea 'mele ka tekanyo e le' ngoe . Ho sibolloa - haeba e tsoela pele ho fana ka tekanyo e nepahetseng ea mahlaseli a potlakileng a ho tsofala - qetellong e ka thusa bo-rasaense hore ba liehe kapa ba fokolise botsofali.
Sehlopha sa Timekeeper Within Cell
Sehlooho se phatlalalitsoeng koranteng ea Genome Biology ea 2013 e hlalosa kamoo lik'hemik'hale tsa tlhaho tse hlahang ka har'a sele li ka sebelisoang e le mofuta oa nako ea nako kapa hore na sele eo e tsofala ka potlako hakae.
Mokhoa ona, o tsejoang e le methylation, o fetola DNA - liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa lisele - ka mokhoa o amanang le botsofali.
Phuputso e entsoeng pele ho Univesithing ea California e Los Angeles (UCLA) e sebelisitse lisebelisoa tsa mathe ho tloha lihlopheng tse 34 tsa mafahla a tšoanang ho bonts'a hore na li-DNA tse amanang le methylation li itšetlehile hakae lilemong tsa litaba. Bo-rasaense ba ile ba leka tekanyo ea methylation sebakeng se pharaletseng 'me ba khona ho supa lilemo tsohle tsa batho ba baholo ka lilemo tse hlano, ba sebelisa marapo a motho feela .
Steve Horvath, moprofesa oa UCLA oa liphatsa tsa lefutso le moprofesa oa biostatistics, o ile a nka lipatlisiso tse ling hape 'me a hlahloba lisele tse fetang 8 000 tsa lisele le lisele tse fanoeng ke bo-rasaense ba bang. Mehlala ea batho e nkiloe pele e tsoaloa ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 101, ho feta mefuta e fetang 50 ea lisele le lisele tse tsoang likarolong tse sa tšoaneng tsa 'mele, ho akarelletsa le sebete, liphio, boko, matšoafo le pelo. DNA ea methylation e na le litekanyo tse sa lekanyetsoang tsa kamoo mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e tsofetseng e neng e tsofala kateng ka potlako.
Horvath le basebetsi-'moho le eena ba ile ba sebelisa tekanyo ea ho hlahloba tekanyo ea botsofali litsing tse 6 000 tse fapaneng tsa kankere , tse emelang mefuta e 20 e fapaneng ea lefu lena.
Likarolo tse sa tšoaneng tsa 'Mele lilemong tse fapaneng
Sehlopha sa Horvath se fumane hore mefuta e mengata ea lilemo e le hantle ka lebelo le le leng; ha e le hantle, lilemong tsa bona tsa tlhaho , ke hore li sebetsa hantle hakae, li lumellana le nako ea liketsahalo tsa tsona, ke hore palo ea lilemo e emeloang khalendeng.
Leha ho le joalo, mesifa ea matsoele e ne e le khethollo. Matšoao a nang le bophelo bo botle ka lilemo tse ngata ka potlako 'me e ntse e le lilemo tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo ho feta karolo eohle ea' mele oa mosali. Sena se ka 'na sa hlalosa hore na ke hobane'ng ha kankere ea matsoele e le mofuta o tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa oa kankere ho basali ho tloha botsofaling ke ntho e kotsi ' me mahlaseli a tsofetseng a eketsehileng a ka hlaseloa haholo ke kankere.
Basali ba seng ba e-na le kankere ea matsoele, botsofali bo potlakileng bo boleloa haholoanyane. Matšoao a ho leka haufi le lihlaere tsa kankere ea matsoele, bafuputsi ba fumane hore ka karolelano ba ka ba lilemo li 12 ho feta 'mele oohle.
Na Lisele Tse Ntseng li Tsofala ka Potlako li ka Atamela ho Kankere?
Lisele tsa kankere li ne li fumanoa li le khōlō haholo ho feta lisele tse phetseng hantle kae kapa kae 'meleng. Sehlopha sa lipatlisiso se ithuta mefuta e fetang 20 e fapaneng ea kankere 'me e fumane matšoao a tsitsitseng a ho tsofala kapele ho lisele tse kulang. Ha e le hantle, lisele tsa kankere li ne li feta lilemo tse 36 ho feta 'mele oohle.
Sena se botsa potso ea bohlokoa: Na lisele tse tsofetseng li atisa ho hlaseloa ke kankere kapa li na le kankere ea lilemo tsa kankere ka potlako? Horvath o hlalosa hore lintho tsena ka bobeli li ka 'na tsa e-ba tsa' nete. Ka mohlala, liketsahalong tse ngata tsa kankere, mahlaseli a haufi a shebahala a le bacha, kapa bonyane mehleng ea batho li-sampuli li tsoa ho tsona, e leng kankere ka boeona ka lilemo tse lisele.
Taba ea hore esita le lihlahisoa tsa matsoele tse phetseng hantle li bonahala li le lilemong tsa khale ho latela methylation ea litekanyo ha li bapisoa le karolo eohle ea 'mele oa mosali e bontša hore lisele tse tsofetseng ka potlako li ka hlaseloa ke kankere.
"Liphuputso tse ling li tla hlokahala ho hlahloba khopolo ena," Horvath o re. "Ka sebele re tla batla ho lekanyetsa lilemo tsa 'mele oa basali o phetseng hantle, o se nang kankere." Ho feta moo, re tla batla ho hlahloba hore na ho potlaka ha lilemo lilemong tsa masea a sefuba ho bolela ho ntlafatsa kankere nakong e tlang. "
Ho hlahlojoa ho eketsehileng ha lisele tsa matsoele tse phetseng hantle lilemong tse fapaneng bophelong ba mosali - ho kena bocha, ho kena bongoaneng, kamora 'bokhachane, kamora' bokhachane le kamora 'nako ea ho ikhula, ho tla thusa ho hlakisa hore na mesifa ea matsoele e tsofetseng ka potlako ke kannete e ka ba le kankere.
Haeba ho joalo, ho hlahloba tekanyo ea methylation ka har'a matsoele ka letsatsi le leng ho ka etsa hore mosali a khone ho fumana lefu lena le sokelang bophelo.
Telomeres
Telomeres e fana ka tsela e 'ngoe ea ho lekanya litefiso tsa botsofali. Telomeres ke mehaho e menyenyane e susumetsang liphatsa tsa lefutso ka hare ho sele hore sele e itokisetse ho arola. Nako le nako ha likarohano tsa sele li etsahala, li-telomere li khutsufatsa hanyenyane; hang ha ba khutšoanyane haholo, sele e ke ke ea hlola e arola, e fellang ka seleng lefu.
Ho na le lipatlisiso tse ntseng li tsoela pele ho lekanya bolelele ba telomere e le mofuta oa sepheo se setle sa lisele tsa 'mele oa hao li tsofetseng. Ho phaella moo, bo-rasaense ba ntse ba batlisisa hore na ho boloka li-telomeres nako e telele ho ka boloka lisele li le monyenyane 'me li arola hantle.
Lisebelisoa:
Methylation. US Dictionary National Cancer Institute ea Cancer Terms. E fihlile ka la 25 October, 2013.
http://www.cancer.gov/dictionary?cdrid=655031
Steve Horvath. "DNA ea methylation ea lilemo tsa lisele tsa motho le mefuta ea sele." Biology ea Genome 2013, 14: R115.
http://genomebiology.com/2013/14/10/R115
Sven Bocklandt, Wen Lin, Mary E. Sehl, Francisco J. Sánchez, Janet S. Sinsheimer, Steve Horvath le Eric Vilain. "Moeletsi oa Epigenetic Age." PLoS ONE 6 (6): e14821.
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0014821