Tsela e Ncha e Sebelisetsoang ho Fumana Matšoao a Mokokotlo
Litlhapi li emela phallo ea fluorescent in situ hybridization. Ho hlahlojoa ha litlhapi, kapa tlhahlobo ea litlhapi joalokaha ka linako tse ling ho buuoa ka eona, ke mokhoa o batlang o le ncha oa cytogenetic o lumellang cytogeneticist hore a fumane hore na ke likopi tse kae tsa chromosome e teng ntle le hore a tsamaee mehato eohle e amehang ho hlahisa karyotype . Ka mohlala, tlhahlobo ea FISH e ka u bolella ka potlako hore na li-chromosome tse kae tse 21 li teng, empa li ke ke tsa u bolella letho ka sebopeho sa li-chromosome.
Kamoo e Sebetsang Kateng
Hangata tlhahlobo ea litlhapi e etsoa ka lisele tse tšoanang le karyotype - mali, amniocyte kapa sesupi sa chorionic villi. Tlhahlobo ea tlhapi e etsoa ka probe ea fluorescent e amanang le li-chromosome tse itseng. Li-probe tsena tsa fluorescent li entsoe ka DNA e khethehileng ho li-chromosome tse itseng 'me li na le dae ea fluorescent. Lisele tse sebelisetsoang tlhahlobo ea tlhapi ha lia lokela ho hōlisoa kapa ho hlahisoa (tse ka nka matsatsi a 7 ho isa ho a 10), kahoo liphello tsa tlhahlobo ea tlhaho li fumaneha ka potlako ho feta liphello tsa karyotype.
Ka tloaelo, ho fumanoa sampula mme e romeloa laboratoring 'me li-chromosome li aroloa ka slide. Joale li-sesepa li behoa slide ebe li lumelloa hore li fere (kapa li fumane lipapali tsa tsona) lihora tse ka bang 12. Hobane li-probe li entsoe ka DNA, li tla ikamahanya le DNA e "tšoanang" ea chromosome ea eona e khethehileng. Ka mohlala, phuputso e entsoeng ka DNA e tobileng ea chromosome 21 e tla tlama kromosome efe kapa efe ea 21 e teng.
Ka mor'a hore ho qeta ho sebelisoa (kapa ho khomarela), slide e hlahlojoa tlas'a mochine o hōlisang matla o khethehileng o ka bonang litšoantšo tsa fluorescent. Ka ho bala palo ea lipontšo tsa fluorescent, cytogeneticist e ka lekanya hore na ho na le li-chromosome tse kae tse teng. Ka mohlala, motho ea se nang Down syndrome o tla ba le lipontšo tse peli tsa fluorescent tse tsamaisanang le li -chromosome tse peli tse 21 .
Motho ea nang le trisomy 21 o tla ba le lipontšo tse tharo tsa fluorescent tse tsamaisanang le li-chromosome tsa tsona tse tharo tse 21. Ka tloaelo, li-cytogeneticists li tla sebelisa lisebelisoa bakeng sa li-chromosome tse 13, 18, 21, X le Y. Tsena ke li-chromosome tse ka fella ka lintho tse fapaneng tsa batho.
Ho lemoha Down Syndrome
Le hoja e sa sheba sebopeho sa li-chromosome tse hlahlobisitsoeng, tlhahlobo ea FISH e ka u bolella hore na ke likopi tse kae tsa chromosome e teng. Nakong ea Down syndrome, cytogeneticist e sebelisa lipalo bakeng sa chromosome ea 21. Haeba ho na le lipontšo tse tharo tsa fluorescent tse bonngoeng tlas'a microscope, joale ho hlahlojoa ha Down syndrome ho etsoa.
Ho hlahlojoa ha Letšoao ho fapana joang le Karyotype?
Tlhahlobo ea tlhapi e u bolella feela hore li-chromosome tse ling li teng le hore na ke ba bakae ba teng. Ka mohlala, tlhahlobo e tloaelehileng ea tlhapi e tla u bolella hore na li-chromosome tse 13, 18, 21, X le Y tse ngata li teng ka sampong ea metsi a amniotic. Tlhahlobo ea tlhapi e ke ke ea u fa tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le chromosome e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ebile e ke ke ea u fa tlhahisoleseding mabapi le sebopeho sa li-chromosome.
Melemo
Monyetla o ka sehloohong oa tlhahlobo ea tlhapi ke hore o ka fana ka tlhahisoleseding mabapi le li-chromosome tse itseng ka potlako. Ka mohlala, ka matsatsi a mararo ho isa ho a mane, e ka bolela hore na ke likopi tse kae tsa chromosome e ka bang 21 motho ea itseng a ka bang le eona.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, karyotype ea setso e ka nka libeke tse peli.
Mathata
Bothata bo ka sehloohong ba tlhahlobo ea tlhaho ha e bapisoa le karyotyping ke hore tlhahlobo ea FISH eu fa tlhahisoleseding e fokolang ka li-chromosomes tsohle tse ithutoang. Ka mohlala, tlhahlobo ea tlhapi ea tlhaho ea tlhaho ea pelehi e tla u bolella hore na ho na le li-chromosome tse kae tse 13, 18, 21, X le Y tse teng (ke hore, ho na le likopi tse peli kapa tse tharo) empa e ke ke ea u fa tlhahisoleseding efe kapa efe ka li-chromosome tse ling kapa tlhahisoleseding leha e le efe e mabapi le sebopeho sa li-chromosomes.
Seo U ka se Botang Ngaka ea Hao
- Na laboratori eo u e sebelisang e etsa tlhahlobo ea FISH?
- Na inshorense ea ka e lefella litšenyehelo tsa liteko tsa FISH?
- Ho ka tšeptjoa joang hore tlhahlobo ea Down syndrome ke ea FISH?
- Ho tla nka nako e kae ho fumana liphello tsa tlhaho (ho tloha ka amnio kapa CVS ea ka)?
- Na lebu e boetse e etsa karyotype e feletseng?
- Ho nka nako e kae ho fumana liphetho tsa karyotype?
Ntho e ka tlaase
Tlhahlobo ea tlhapi e na le molemo oa ho fane ka boitsebiso bo potlakileng, empa bo fokolang, ka li-chromosome tsa lesea. Ho molemo haholo ha u arabela potso - "Na lesea la ka le na le trisomy 21?" Empa le fana ka tlhahisoleseding e fokolang mabapi le lintho tse ling tse sa tloaelehang tsa chromosome tse kang ho fetisetsoa le ho tlosoa.
Lisebelisoa
Koleji ea Amerika ea Bo-rasaense le ba Gynecologists (ACOG). Ho shebella sekheo sa Fetal Chromosomal. ACOG Practice Bulletin, nomoro ea 77, ka 2007.
Institute of National Human Genome Research. Fluorescence In Situation Hybridization (FISH), 2008.