Sebaka se seng se thahasellisang sa libaka tsa ho etsa lipatlisiso ka nako e telele li-telomeres, tseo e leng "malebela" lipheletsong tsa li-chromosome tsa rona, tse entsoeng ka ho latela mekhoa ea DNA e sa kenyang. Telomeres e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa bophelong bo botle ba batho le bo-rasaense ba ileng ba fumana hore ba hlōtse Nobel Prize Physiology kapa Medicine ka 2009.
Ha lisele li le mothating oa ho arola, DNA e tlameha ho hlalosoa.
Li-enzyme tse etsang ts'ebetso ea ho ipheta-pheta li qala ka ho qeta ho ea qetellong ea chromosome. Karolo ea chromosome eo mechine ea ho ipheta-pheta e kopanyang eona e ke ke ea kopitsoa, kahoo, ka karohano e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea sele, kromosome e ne e tla ba e khutšoanyane. Ho khutsufatsa ha Telomere ke pontšo ea ho tsofala ha liselefouno. Telomeres ke likarolo tsa DNA lipheletsong tsa li-chromosome tse fanang ka sebaka bakeng sa mechine ea ho ipheta-pheta e ka kopanyang, e le hore lesela la DNA le ka kopitsoa ka kakaretso. E le hore phetoho e 'ngoe e etsoe, ho tlameha hore ho be le li-telomere tse lekaneng hore li fane ka sebaka sa li-enzyme tsa ho ipheta-pheta ho li kopanya, ho boloka lihlopha tsa motsoako oa mekhoa ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e le hore li ka kopitsoa. Haeba telomere e e-ba khutšoanyane haholo, phetolelo ea DNA e sekiselitsoe, 'me sele e ke ke ea arola. Lisele li na le mekhoa ea tlhaho ea ho boloka li-telomere. Enzyme telomerase e tsosolosa li-telomere, ho lefella ho khutsufatsa ho etsoang ka ho arohana ha sele e 'ngoe le e' ngoe.
Ho tsofala ha lisele ho isa seleng ea Senescence
Ho tsofala ha liphatsa tsa lefutso, ho kenyelletsang ho fokotseha ha telomere le tšenyo ea DNA, qetellong ho fella ka ho ba le senescence, boemo ba ho hōla ha cellular. Sele e sa ntse e phela, empa e sa phetse hantle ebile ha e khone ho arola. Ha lisele tse ngata li ntse li e-ba le botenya, ha e le hantle lisele tsa tsona li tsofala, mosebetsi oa tsona oa fetoha.
Lisele tsa masapo li sa khone ho etsa mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea lisele tsa cellular, li senya matla a lisele tsa ho lokisa tšenyo, le ho senya lintho tse senyang mosebetsi oa lisele tsa boahelani le ho khothalletsa nts'etso-pele ea kankere.
Li-shorter Telomeres li amahanngoa le maloetse
Tšebeletso ea Telomere le bolelele ba telomerase li ka lekanyetsoa ka lisele tsa batho tse tšoeu tsa mali, 'me sena se fane ka bafuputsi matla a ho batlisisa mabaka le maloetse a bolelang ka likamano ho batho ba tsofetseng ba lisele tsa cellular.
Lithuto tsa batho, nako e telele ea telomere kapa ts'ebeliso e tlaase ea telomerase e 'nile ea amahanngoa le maloetse a sa foleng, a thibeloang, ho akarelletsa le khatello ea kelello ea pelo, lefu la pelo, lefu la insulin, lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2, ho tetebela maikutlo, ho kula ha masapo le botenya.
Lijo le Lijo tsa Bophelo li ama Bophelo ba Telomere
Tšebeletso ea Telomere bolelele le tšebeliso ea telomerase li ameha ka tšusumetso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso le tikoloho, ho kenyelletsa le lijo le khetho ea bophelo. Mefuta e phahameng ea meroho le litholoana, lijo tsa fiber, vithamine le limatlafatsi, 'me boikoetliso ke lintho tse amanang le li-telomere tse telele le mosebetsi o moholo oa telomerase. Ho boloka li-telomere ho bonahala e le e 'ngoe ea mekhoa e mengata eo mekhoa ena e sebetsang ka eona ea bophelo e khothalletsang nako e telele.
Lisebelisoa:
Burton DG, Krizhanovsky V. Liphello tsa likokoana-hloko le tsa bothata ba lisele tsa cellular. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014, 71: 4373-4386.
Cassidy A, De Vivo I, Liu Y, le al. Mekhatlo e pakeng tsa lijo, mekhoa ea ho phela, le bolelele ba basali ba telomere. Am J Lijoana tsa Meriana ea 2010, 91: 1273-1280.
Deng W, Cheung ST, Tsao SW, et al. Mosebetsi oa Telomerase le ho kopana le khatello ea kelellong, mathata a kelello, lisosa tsa bophelo le litsela tse latelang: Tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016, 64: 150-163.
Phello ea mokhoa oa ho phela ka mokhoa o pharaletseng o fetoloa liketsahalong tsa telomerase le bolelele ba telomere ho banna ba nang le kankere ea prostate e kotsing ea ho ipeha kotsing ea lefuba: ho latela lilemong tse hlano tsa thuto ea sefofane e hlalosang.
Marcon F, Siniscalchi E, Crebelli R, et al. Tlhaloso ea li-telomere tse amanang le lijo tse fokolang le botsitso ba chromosome. Mutagenesis 2012, 27: 49-57.