Phetoho ea Hormone e ka 'na ea beha basali ba kotsing e phahameng ea HIV
Kotsi ea tšoaetso ea HIV e phahame ho feta banna ho basali ho feta ho basali ho ea ho banna ka lebaka la karolo e kholo ea tšoaetso ea botšehali, pherekano le (mohlomong) lesea. Hase feela hore ho na le lihlahisoa tse khōloanyane sebakeng sa basali (FRT) ha li bapisoa le botona, liphetoho liphatseng tsa baeloji hangata li ka etsa li-tissu tsa mucosal tse fokolisang li-FRT le ho feta li hlasetsoeng ke tšoaetso.
Le hoja li-membrane tsa malesaane li le matla ho feta li-rectum, tse nang le likarolo tse leshome le metso e 'meli tse tšoaetsanoang tsa li-epithelial tissu tse fanang ka thibelo e loketseng tšoaetsong, HIV e ntse e ka fumana' mele ka lisele tse phetseng hantle. Ho feta moo, molomo oa malapa, o nang le lisele tse nyenyane ho feta botšehali, o na le CD4 + T-cell , lisele tsa 'mele tsa ho itšireletsa mafung tseo HIV e li khethileng.
Lintho tse ngata li ka ntlafatsa ts'oaetso ea basali ho HIV, ho akarelletsa le bacterial vaginosis (e ka fetola limela tsa botšehali) le ectopy ea malapa (hape e tsejoa e le "sefuba sa" mokokotlo ").
Empa bopaki bo ntseng bo eketseha bo boetse bo bontšitse hore phetoho ea li-hormone, ebang ke ka tlhaho e etsahalang kapa e susumelitsoe, e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho eketsa bokhoni ba basali ba ho fumana HIV.
Ho ilela khoeli le kotsi ea HIV
Thuto ea 2015 ho bafuputsi Univesithing ea Medicine ea Dartmouth ea Geisel School e ile ea fana ka tlhahiso ea hore liphetoho tsa li-hormone nakong ea tloaelelo ea ho ea khoeling li fana ka tšoaetso ea HIV le mafu a mang a tšoaetsanoang ka litaba tsa botona le botšehali (mafu a likobo) e le "monyetla oa monyetla" oa ho tšoaetsa.
Mesebetsi ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung, bobeli ba tlhaho (tlhaho) le e feto-fetohileng (e fumanoeng ka mor'a tšoaetso e fetileng), e tsebahala hore e laoloa ke lihomone. Nakong ea ho ea khoeling, lihomone tsena tse peli li reretsoe ho ntlafatsa maemo a ho emola le ho ima-estradiol le progesterone-li ama li-cell, li-fibroblasts (lisele tse fumanoang liphatseng tse sebetsang), le lisele tsa 'mele tsa ho itšireletsa mafung tse tsamaisang FRT.
Ka ho etsa joalo, tšoaetso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e fokotsehile,' me kotsi ea ho fumana HIV e eketseha haholo.
Haeba ho netefalitsoe, thuto e ka thusa ho bula litsela tsa ho phekoloa tse ka ntlafatsang ts'ebetso ea khahlanong le kokoana-hloko le / kapa tšusumetso ea likamano tsa botona le botšehali (e leng, ho khetholla linako tse sireletsehileng tsa ho kopanela liphate) nakong ena e bitsoang "fensetere ea monyetla."
Ho ipeha moeeng le kotsi ea HIV
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, thuto e 'ngoe ea 2015 e tsoang Univesithing ea Bongaka ea Pittsburgh e bontšitse hore liphetoho tsa FRT li ka tlatsetsa kotsing e eketsehileng ea HIV ho basali ba ka morao-rao.
Hoa tsebahala hore tšebetso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e ka tlaase kapele nakong ea morao le ka morao, ka ho fokotseha ha lisele tse nyenyane le ho fokotseha ha morumo oa mucosal. (Mcosa, e tsejoang hore e na le likokoana-hloko tse nang le likokoana-hloko, e tšehetsoa ke likhetho tse tsoang FTR e ka hodimo e fanang ka tšireletso e tlaase ho tšobotsi e tlaase ea thobalano.)
Bafuputsi ba ile ba ngolisa basali ba 165 ba sa tsebeng letho-ho kopanyelletsa le basali ba postmenopausal; Basali ba pele ho basali ba se nang thibelo ea thibelo ea bokhachane; le basali litabeng tsa thibelo ea bokhachane-le ho lekanyetsa ts'oaetso ea HIV ka ho bapisa lik'hemik'hale tsa metsi tse fumanoang ke nosetso. Ba sebelisa litekanyetso tse ikhethileng tsa tlhahlobo ea HIV, ba fumane hore basali ba ka morao-rao ba e-na le tšebetso ea "tlhaho" khahlanong le HIV (11% vs 34%) ho feta e meng ea lihlopha tse ling tse peli.
Le hoja liqeto li fokotsoa ke moralo oa ho ithuta le boholo, e fana ka maikutlo a hore liphetoho tsa li-hormone nakong ea nako le ka mor'a ho ipolaea li ka beha basali ba hōlileng kotsing ea HIV. Ka lebaka leo, ho lokela ho behoa haholo thuto ea ho kopanela liphate ho basali ba hōlileng, hammoho le ho tiisa hore HIV le mafu a mang a likobo ha a qojoe kapa hona ho lieha.
Li-contraceptive tsa Hormone le kotsi ea HIV
Bopaki ba hore lithibela-hloko tsa li-hormone li ka eketsa monyetla oa hore basali ba be le tšoaetso ea HIV ha li lumellane, ebang ke ka lithethefatsi kapa ka lithethefatsi tsa thibelo ea bokhachane. Tlhahlobo e matla ea lipatlisiso tse 12-tse robeli tse entsoeng ke batho ba bangata le tse 'nè har'a basali ba kotsing e kholo -li ile tsa bontša keketseho e lekanyelitsoeng le e akaretsang ea kotsi ea HIV ho basali ba sebelisang methapo ea meriana e nang le kokoana-hloko, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DPMA, aka Depo -Provera ).
Bakeng sa basali ka kakaretso, kotsing e ne e nkoa e le nyenyane.
Tlhahlobo eo, e neng e kenyelelitse barupeluoa ba fetang 25 000, ha e bontše mokhatlo o bonahalang o teng pakeng tsa thibelo ea pele ea meriana le kotsi ea HIV.
Le hoja boitsebiso bo nkoa e le bo sa lekaneng ho fana ka maikutlo a ho felisoa ha tšebeliso ea DPMA, bafuputsi ba eletsa hore basali ba sebelisang likokoana - hloko tsa progestin feela ba tsebisoa ka ho se ts'oanelehe mabapi le kotsi ea DPMA le HIV, le hore ba khothalletsoe ho sebelisa likhohlopo le ho hlahloba mekhoa e meng ea thibelo e kang HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP ).
Lisebelisoa:
> Chappell, C .; Isaacs, C .; Xu, W .; et al. "Phello ea ho Ipeha ha Meriana ka Mosebetsi oa Likokoana-hloko o sa Lebelloang oa Mesebetsi ea Mahlaseli a Meriana." Journal of American Obstetrics le Gynecology. La 20 Mphalane, 2015; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2015.03.045.
Ralph, L .; McCoy, S .; Shiu, K .; et al. "Tšebeliso ea thibelo ea bokhachane le lefuba la basali la ho fumana HIV: Ho hlahlojoa ha litsebi tsa lithuto tsa boipheliso." Lancet mafu a tšoaetsanoang. La 8 January, 2015; 15 (2): 181-189.
Wira, C ;; Rodriguez-Garcia, M .; le Patel, M. "Karolo ea Li-Hormone Tsa ho Kopanela Liphate Tšebelisong ea Tšireletso ea 'Mele ea Tlhahiso ea Basali." Tlhaho Bohlahlobisong ba Immunology . La 6 March, 2015; 15: 217-230.