Ka 2017, bo-rasaense ba ile ba tlaleha hore ho na le kamano pakeng tsa bongoaneng bo tloaelehileng le lik'hemik'hale tse tloaelehileng tse bitsoang phthalates le ts'oaetso e tepeletseng ea thyroid ho banana ba lilemo li 3. Phuputso, e hatisitsoeng koranteng ea Environment International ke bafuputsi ba Univesithi ea Columbia University Mailman School of Health Public, e bile oa pele ho tlaleha ka kamano pakeng tsa ho pepesa ha phthalate le mosebetsi oa thyroid ho bana.
Phuputso e ile ea sheba li-hormone tse hlano tsa thyroid le tse peli tse fapaneng. Mefuta e ka tlaase ea thyroxine (mahala ea T4) e ne e amahanngoa le maemo a phahameng a mane a mahlano a phthalate a ithutoang ke banana ba lilemo li 3. Hoa thahasellisa hore hokahano e ne e lekanyelitsoe ho banana feela; bashanyana ha baa ka ba ameha.
Ho ea ka moprofesa e moholo oa thuto ea bitsoang Pam Factor-Litvak, moprofesa oa Epidemiology Sekolong sa Mailman:
Tšoero ea qoqotho e sebetsa e le mookameli ea hlooho ea boko. Li-hormone tsa qoqotho li beha kemiso, 'me haeba nako eo e sa tsoaloe, ho ka' na ha e-ba le liphello hamorao bokong. Mathata a qoqotho eo re a bonang thutong ena ... a ka hlalosetsa mathata a mang a ho utloisisa ao re a bonang ho bana ba pepesetsoeng ke liphoso le hona joale re ntse re batlisisa seo. Esita le lichelete tse nyane li ka etsa phapang e khōlō. Ho tsoela pele, ke habohlokoa ho ithuta hore na phthalates e etsa'ng ho lematsa bana, hammoho le tsela eo kotsi ena e hlahisoang ka eona. Morero oa rona o moholo ke ho sireletsa bophelo ba meloko e tlang.
Li-phthalate ke eng?
Li-phthalates ke sehlopha sa lik'hemik'hale tse nkiloeng e le liphallelo tsa endocrine. Batho ba senyang Endocrine ke lik'hemik'hale tse sitisang mosebetsi oa li-gland tsa endocrine, ho akarelletsa le qoqotho le litšoelesa tsa ho ikatisa, har'a ba bang. Batho ba senyang Endocrine ba hokahane le ho fokotseha ha litekanyetso tsa peō le ho fokotsa mofuthu oa peō ho banna, le ho se tloaelehe ha litho tsa botona ho bashemane, hammoho le kotsi e eketsehileng ea ho kula le palo ea mafu, har'a liphello tse ling tsa bophelo.
Ka linako tse ling li-phthalates li bitsoa plasticizers 'me li kenngoa lipoleng tsa polasetiki, haholo-holo polyvinyl chloride kapa PVC, ho etsa hore li be bonolo le ho feta. Haeba o kileng oa hlokomela "monko o mocha oa koloi" kapa monko oa lesela le lecha la polasetiki, ke tsona tse hlabang. Li-phthalate li boetse li kenngoa mefuteng e fapaneng ea tlhokomelo ea botho le lihlahisoa tsa botle ho etsa hore monko oa bona o monko o monate le nako e telele.
Tšebeliso e atileng ea phthalates bakeng sa lilemo tse fetang halofo ea lekholo e entse hore ho be le ho pepeseha hohle, ka ho kenngoa ha lijo, ho inhalation le ho kenngoa ka letlalo. Lipatlisiso li bontša hore maemo a phahameng a phthalate a fumanoa boholo ba Maamerika.
Lihlahisoa Tse Nang le Li-Phthalate
Li-phthalate li atisa ho fumanoa lihlahisoa tse latelang:
- Lipapali tsa li-plastiki le tsa vinyl le lipapali tsa ho hlapa
- Lintho tsa ho bapala tsa ho kopanela liphate
- Litšepe tsa ho noa
- Lijana tsa polokelo ea lijo tsa polastiki
- Lihlahisoa tsa lihlahisoa tse akarelletsang fatše, likopi, thepa ea mohaho, likharetene tsa metsi, liphahlo tsa mohloa, liaparo tse itseng tsa polasetiki (ie, raincoats le boots)
- Litšebeletso tsa koloi
- Lipalo tsa serapeng sa lipalesa
- Paints
- Lihlahisoa tse ling tsa lebese, le mefuta e meng ea lijo le li-cheeses
- Metsi a mang a pompo
- Litlolo tse monate
- Perfume, cologne, le ka mor'a moo
- Phofo ea bonyane, shampoo, le lotions
- Litlolo, li-shampoo, li-gels tsa moriri, li-hairsprays, le mapolanka a lipekere
- Ho hlatsoa liaparo
- Li-fresheners tsa moea
- Likokoana-hloko tsa likokoanyana
Tsela ea ho Qoba Phthalate
Ho na le litsela tse fokolang tsa ho fokotsa le ho fokotsa ho pepesehela lits'ets'etsong.
Qoba Lintho Tse Ngolang Lipotso Tse Ling Tse Ngotsoeng
Ka tloaelo u tla bona phthalate ka lebitso, empa e ka 'na ea boela ea thathamisoa ka mantsoe a eona. Tloaelo e tloaelehileng e kenngoang lihlahisoa e kenyelletsa:
- BBP: phthalate ea butyl benzyl phthalate
- MBzP: monobenyl phthalate
- DBP: di-n-butyl phthalate
- MBP: mono-n-butyl phthalate
- MiBP: mono-isobutyl phthalate
- DEHP: di- (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
- MEHP: mono- (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
- DEP: diethyl phthalate
- MEP: monoethyl phthalate
- DiDP: di-isodecyl phthalate
- DiNP: di-isononyll phthalate
- DnHP: di-n- hexyl phthalate
- DnOP: di-n-octyl phthalate
Qoba PVC Plastic
Ntle le hore sehlahisoa se ngotsoe ka ho khetheha "mahala ea phthalate," qoba lihlahisoa tsa polasetiki tse bonolo, tse kang likhareteng tsa metsi.
Qoba Lintho Tse Ngolang "Pile" e le Motsoako
Ka molao, phthalates ha ho hlokahale hore e fumanoe lihlahisoa tse ling tsa botle. Li-phthalates lihlahisoa tseo li ka bitsoa feela "monko o monate," e leng ho etsang hore ho be thata ho khetholla sejo se khethehileng. Ntle le hore sehlahisoa se ngotsoe "ha ho monko o monate" kapa "mahala ea phthalate," kapa se tsoa k'hamphaning e nang le leano la mahala la phthalate, ho molemo ho qoba ho e sebelisa. Ntho e ikhethang: lihlahisoa tsa tsona tse bontšang hore monko o monate o tsoa ho oli e hlokahalang. Websaeteng ea Tree-Hugger e na le lenane la lik'hamphani tse 12 tse etsang libano tse ntle tsa tlhaho, tsa phthalate.
Khetha Lihlahisoa tsa Bacha tsa Phthalate
Bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea bana le bana, khetha k'hamphani e nang le leano le thata la phthalate. Smart Mommy Healthy Baby o na le lenane le letle la lik'hamphani tse nang le ngoana ea sireletsehileng le lihlahisoa tsa bana.
Khetha Mesebetsi ea Botho le Botle ba Phthalate
Bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea botle le lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea botho tse akarelletsang monko o monate kapa monko, khetha feela lik'hamphani tse nang le melao e thata ea phthalate. Lisebelisoa tse ling tse ntle bakeng sa lenane la lik'hamphani tse etsang lihlahisoa tsa ntle tsa phthalate li kenyelletsa:
- Lethathamo la lihlopha tsa lenane la thobalano la kankere ea matšoao ea litlolo tsa li-pthalate
- Letšolo la Li-Cosmetics Tse Sireletsehileng
- Setsi sa Basebetsi ba Environmental Working sa safecosmetics
Kopa lisebelisoa tsa meriana tsa mahala tsa PVC
Haeba o hloka meriana e kenyang kapa o sebelisa catheter, hlokomela hore lihlahisoa tsena li atisa ho sebelisa li-tubing tsa PVC. U ka kopa ngaka ea hau ea bophelo ho sebelisa li-tubing le mekotla ea meriana.
Qoba Lijana tsa Lijo tsa Plastiki
U se ke ua sebelisa lijana tsa lijo tsa polasetiki, 'me le ka mohla u se ke ua ja li-microwave, joalokaha mocheso o ntša lik'hemik'hale kapele lijo tsa hau. Haeba o tla sebelisa polasetiki ho boloka lijo, lisebelisoa tsa 1, 2, kapa tse 5 tse nchafalitsoeng ha li khone ho ba le phthalates, 'me tse 3 le tse 7 li ka' na tsa e-na le phthalates. Sena ke sa bohlokoa ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho boloka lijo tsa bana, hammoho le libotlolo tsa masea, linoelo tsa sippy, le linoelo tsa snack. Ha u e-na le lipelaelo, khetha khalase kapa tšepe. U ka fumana lethathamo le thusang la litekanyetso tsa phthalate ho lihlahisoa tse sa tšoaneng tsa polokelo ea lijo ho websaeteng e ntle ea ho boloka matlo.
Sebelisa Lipapali Tse Ncha tsa Plastiki kapa Lipapali Tse sa Plaseng
Li-toy tsa khale li ka 'na tsa e-na le phthalates, empa lipapali tse ncha li tloaelehile mahala. Lahla lipapali tsa khale tsa bana le masea, 'me u nke sebaka sa lipapali tse ncha kapa lipapali tsa mapolesa.
Sebelisa feela Tlhaho ea Moea oa Tlhaho
Boholo ba lichelete tsa khoebo li na le phthalate, ka hona, sebelisa feela ho hlahisa moea oa tlhaho oa oli o nkhang hamonate ho tsoa mafura a bohlokoa le mefuta e meng ea monko o monate.
Khetha Organic Dairy, Produce, le Meat
Lijo tsa tlhaho ha lia pepesehela likokoanyana tse bolaeang likokoanyana, li fokotsa kotsi ea hore li tla ba le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa phthalate.
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho
Ho qoba liphate ho lokela ho ba taba ea lelapa ho thusa bophelo ba motho e mong le e mong. Empa haeba u e-na le masea kapa bana ba banyenyane, ke habohlokoa haholo. Ho finyella seo, Dr. Factor-Litvak University ea Columbia University o na le keletso ea motheo ka ho fetisisa ea batsoali bohle ba masea le bana ba banyenyane ba lokelang ho latela: "Batsoali ba nang le bana ba banyenyane ba lokela ho qoba ho sebelisa lihlahisoa tse nang le li-phthalate tse kang shampoo, polisi ea lipekere le lifofane tsa vinyl."
> Mehloli:
> Morgenstern, R le al. "Li-phthalates le thyroid li sebetsa lilemong tsa bana ba kenang sekolo: Likamano tse khethehileng tsa thobalano." Environmental International, Volume 106, September 2017, DOI: 10.1016 / j.envint.2017.05.007 http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0160412017302143
> Tsamaiso ea Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Meriana ea US. "Phthalates." Online,. https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/productsingredients/ingredients/ucm128250.htm