Tlhaloso e Khutšoanyane ea Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis, e 'ngoe ea mefuta e fetang 100 ea ramatiki le maemo a amanang le eona , ke mofuta o atileng ka ho fetisisa oa ramatiki. United States, batho ba ka bang limilione tse 27 ba phela le boemo bona. Osteoarthritis e atile haholo ho batho ba baholo ho feta lilemo tse 65, empa batho ba lilemo tsohle ba ka e hlahisa.
Bothata bo eketseha ka mor'a lilemo tse 50 ho banna le ka mor'a lilemo tse 40 ho basali. Ho ea ka American College of Rheumatology, karolo ea 70 lekholong ea batho ba fetang lilemo tse 70 ba na le bopaki ba x-ray ea lefu la osteoarthritis .
"Apara-le-Moriri"
> Lefu la lefu la bone le robala le lefu la masapo a osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis e atisa ho bitsoa boloetse ba ramatiki. Mabitso a mang a kenyelletsa boloetse bo kopantsoeng, ho fokotsa matla a ramatiki , DJD le osteoarthrosis.
Ho 'nile ha hlalosoa hore lefu la masapo a mabeli le bakoang ke lefu la masapo a mabeli le bakoang ke ho senyeha ha lefuba ka lehlakoreng le le leng kapa ho feta. Cartilage e na le karolo ea 65 ho ea ho ea 80 lekholong metsi, collagen (liprotheine tse nang le mafura), li-proteoglycans (liprotheine le tsoekere tse kopane le collagen), le li-chondrocytes (lisele tse hlahisang lefuba).
Cartilage ke lisele tse thata empa tse thellang tse sebetsang e le mokokotlo pakeng tsa masapo a masapo, e leng ho lumellang masapo hore a fokotsehe. E boetse e nyarosoa ke mekhoa ea 'mele.
Ha lefu la lefufuru le e-ba teng, manonyeletso a ka 'na a senyeha ho fihlela a senya lesapo khahlanong le lesapo . Liphetoho mehaho e potolohileng li-joints (mesifa le li-tendon), ho bokellana ha metsi, le ho feta ha li- osteophyte kapa li-bone spurs) li ka hlahisa, tse lebisang bohloko bo sa foleng bo sa foleng, tahlehelo ea ho tsamaea, le bokooa.
Osteoarthritis e ka ama manonyeletso a matsoho le menoana, letheka , mangole , maoto le mokokotlo . Ho itšetlehile ka bopaki ba x-rasa, likarolo tse ling tsa letsoho tse fapakaneng le tse lekaneng tsa letsoho li atisa ho ameha ke lefu la osteoarthritis, le hoja li ka 'na tsa se ke tsa amahanngoa le matšoao a tloaelehileng.
Maqheka le mangole ke libaka tse latelang tse tloaelehileng haholo tsa lefu la osteoarthritis 'me hangata li na le matšoao a matšoao. Methati ea pele ea metatarsal phalangeal le likarolo tsa carpometacarpal le tsona ke libaka tse tloaelehileng tsa osteoarthritis tse shebelitsoeng ka x-ray. Mahetla, setsoe, letsoho le metacarpophalangeal joints ke libaka tse sa tloaelehang tsa osteoarthritis ntle le ho amana le kotsi, khatello ea kelello kapa mosebetsi.
Lintlha Tse Ling
Le hoja tlhaloso e boletsoeng ka holimo ea ho robala (lefu la khalefo) e sa nepahala, ha e phethehe. Ha e le hantle, ho na le ho hong ho feta hoo. Ha se feela mechine. Lintho tse ling tse ngata li phetha karolo ea ho nts'etsopele ha lefu la masapo a marang-rang ho akarelletsa mabaka a li-biologic, li-mediator le liproteases. Lintho tsena li ka 'na tsa e-ba tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso, tsa metsoako, tsa tikoloho, kapa tse utloisang bohloko.
Le hoja ho timetsoa ha masapo a marang-rang ke ntho e tummeng ka ho fetisisa ea lefu la masapo a mabeli, re tlameha ho utloisisa hore ho roaloa ha liphallelo ho kopanngoa ho etsa hore ho hlahisoe lintho tse hlahisoang ke proinflammatory le proteases tse tlatsetsang ho senyeha ha kopane.
Ka motsoako o amehileng ke osteoarthritis, mahlaseli 'ohle a kopaneng a ameha, eseng feela lefuba.
Ntlafatso le Tsoelo-pele
Ho ka ba thata ho fumana hore na osteoarthritis e qala hokae le hore na ke likokoana-hloko tse kopanetsoeng li amehang neng pele ha ho e-na le ketsahalo e sithabetsang e bakang kotsi 'me e ka hlalosoa, joaloka ligament e qhaqhoa.
Le hoja lithuto tsa MRI li ka lemoha liphetoho tsa pele tsa moralo li lumellana le lefu la osteoarthritis, li-x-rays tse hlakileng li laeloa ka tloaelo, bonyane qalong. Empa, ha nako e ntse e e-na le bopaki ba x-ray ea lefu la masapo a mabeli, lefu lena le ka ba le tsoetseng pele. Li-X-ray li senya lefu la khase , sebaka se kopaneloang , subchondral sclerosis , li-subchondral cysts le li-osteophyte. Litšoantšo tsa MRI li ka senola liphetoho tse poteletseng tsa lefuba, synovitis, masapo a mongobo , le liphetoho tse senyehang ka har'a lisele tse bonolo.
Ha lefu la osteoarthritis le ntse le tsoela pele, motsoako oohle o ka kenella, o etsa hore karolo ea likarolo e hlōlehe. Ho sa tsotellehe seo, ho thoe motho ea nang le lefu la osteoarthritis ho thata ho bolela esale pele.
Hase motho e mong le e mong ea nang le boemo bo tsoelang pele ka tekanyo e lekanang, o arabela ka mokhoa o itseng oa phekolo ka tsela e ts'oanang, kapa o hlahisa matšoao a matla ha a le mathoasong kapa a le bonolo.
Lintho Tse Kotsing
Lintho tse eketsang monyetla oa ho ba le lefu la masapo a mabeli li akarelletsa:
- Botsofali -Ka tsejoa hore liketsahalo le ho ata ha lefu la osteoarthritis li eketseha ka lilemo. Ho boetse ho nahanoa hore botsofali bo etsa hore manonyeletso a khone ho hlaolela lefu la masapo a mabeli-ho na le botsofali ba cellular hammoho le liphetoho tsa extracellular (ho fokotsa lehlakoreng le lilemo). Ka 2030, hoo e ka bang karolo ea 20 lekholong ea Maamerika e tla be e le lilemo tse ka holimo ho 65 'me e le kotsing e kholo ea ho ntlafatsa lefu la masapo a mabeli.
- Botona ba botšehali -Hoetse le maqeba a lefuba a atile haholo ho basali ho feta banna. Ho ata ha hip osteoarthritis ho lekana le banna le basali.
- Ho lemala manonyeletso- Ka mor'a ho hlaseloa ha motsoako, lefu lena la ho qetella le tšoenyang lefu lena le ka 'na la hlaha. Hangata liphetoho li hlokomeloa pele ho lilemo tse 10 tsa kotsi. Osteoarthritis e ka hlahisa, ka mor'a hore e lematse, ho e-na le lithōle tse bonolo, tse kang ho taboha ha li-ligament, hobane li-mediator li potlakela ho ea sebakeng se kotsi 'me li ka' na tsa qala ho ntlafatsoa ha lefu la masapo a osteoarthritis. Hape ho ka 'na ha e-ba le likotsi tse amanang ka ho toba le manonyeletso, joaloka likheo).
- Mosebetsi oa mosebetsi - Mesebetsi e hlokang ho kenya mmoho haholo, haholo-holo ho pheta-pheta, ho na le kotsing e eketsehileng ea ho ba le lefu la masapo a mabeli. Sena ke 'nete ka mesebetsi e hlokang ho phahamisa, ho khumama, ho senya, kapa ho hloa. Joalokaha ho ne ho ka lebelloa, phallo e pheta-pheta le matla a eketsehileng ho eketsa moroalo oa ho kopanya manonyeletso.
- Boima bo feteletseng kapa boima bo phahameng-Boima bo boima ba 'mele bo na le moroalo ho manonyeletso a boima. Ho thahasellisang ke hore ho ba le boima bo feteletseng ho eketsa kotsi ea letsoho la osteoarthritis, hape. Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore ho ka 'na ha e-ba le liphello tse tsitsitseng tse amanang le ho feta boima ba' mele le botenya bo eketsang kotsi ea lefu la osteoarthritis.
- Li-genetic predisposition -Studies li amahanya liphatsa tse itseng tsa lefutso le kotsi e eketsehileng ea ho ba le lefu la masapo a mabeli.
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho
Ho utloisisa hore osteoarthritis ha e felle feela ka lebaka la botsofali kapa lihlopha tse tsofetseng ke tsa bohlokoa. Ho hlokomela hore ho na le lintho tse eketsang kotsi ea ho hlahisa lefu la masapo a mabeli le hore tse ling li ka fetoloa hape ke tsa bohlokoa. Re ithutile ho theosa le lilemo hore lefu lena le thata haholo ho feta "lefuba le tsofetseng". Ha e le hantle, mehaho le mahlakoreng a potolohileng a boetse a anngoe ke osteoarthritis.
Bafuputsi ba ntse ba sebetsa ho ntlafatsa meriana e le 'ngoe kapa e mengata e sebetsang ka tsela e tšoanang ho DMARD (mafu a fetola mafu a khahlanong le rheumatic) bakeng sa ho ruruha ha ramatiki ka ho fokotsa ho tsoela pele ha lefu. Le hoja DMOADs e nang le mantsoe a hlalosang lefu la meriana ea lefu lena e se e ntse e sebelisoa, re ntse re letetse nts'etsopele le papatso ea DMOAD e sebetsang.
Lisebelisoa:
Osteoarthritis. Ho fana ka Letsoho la Bophelo. NIAMS. April 2015.
Likokoana-hloko tsa lefu la masapo le lisosa tsa kotsi. Mokhatlo oa Johns Hopkins Arthritis. E fetotsoe ka la 25 April, 2012.
Paul E. Di Cesare et al. Khaolo ea 98. Buka ea Kelley ea Rheumatology. Elsevier. Khatiso ea borobong.
Richard F. Loesner. MD. Pathogenesis ea Osteoarthritis. E maemong. E hlalositsoe ka la 21 June, 2016.