Moralo le mohaho oa tšehetso bakeng sa litho tsa 'mele le litho tsa' mele
Lisele tse sebetsang li kopanya, li tšehetsa, li tlama le ho arola litho le lik'hemik'hale, ho theha moralo oa ho tšehetsa lisele le litho tsa 'mele, bakeng sa merero ea moralo le ea metabolism. Meleng ea maiketsetso, lisele li fokolloa ebile li qhalakantsoe - ha li kopane haufi, joaloka liphatsa tsa lefutso. Matšoao a mangata a maiketsetso a senyeha (ntle le lefula). Libaka tsa extracellular (sebaka se ka thōko ho lisele) ka mahlaseli a sebetsang li bitsoa matrix a extracellular.
Ka lebaka leo, lisele tsa puisano li entsoe ka lisele le extracellular matrix. Sekhetho sa extracellular se entsoe ka glycosaminoglycans le proteoglycans. Ke mefuta e fapaneng ea ho hlophisoa ha mathete a extracellular tse khethollang thepa ea maiketsetso a sebetsang.
Lisele tsa puisano li entsoe ka:
- Likarolo tse ntle (collagen le elastin)
- Glycosaminoglycans kapa GAGs (lihlopha tse telele tsa likarolo tse sa phekoleheng; karolo e ka sehloohong ke ho tšehetsa collagen)
- Li-proteoglycans (li-GAG li kopantsoe le protheine ea motheo)
Kemiso ea Lihlahisoa Tse Kopanetsoeng
Matšoao a nepahetseng a khetholloa a khethoa e le mahlaseli a tloaelehileng a sa tloaelehang kapa a mahlahahlaha a sa tloaelehang.
- Lihlahisoa tse sa tloaelehang tse sa tloaelehang li na le lisele tse ngata le lisebelisoa tse hlephileng ka mokhoa o itekanetseng oa matheba a metsi.
- Matšoao a sa tloaelehang a maiketsetso a na le marang-rang a thata a koahetsoeng a collagen le mahlahahlaha a koahelang matrice. Lisele tse nyenyane tse sebetsang li fumanoa ka li-capsules tse kopane, mesifa ea mesifa le mesifa ea letlalo.
Lihlahisoa tse khethehileng tse amanang le tsona li akarelletsa:
- Metsotso e tloaelehileng e tloaelehileng (e fumanoang ka tendons le ligaments)
- Cartilage (mofuta o tšehetsang lisele tse sebetsang tse nang le li-chondrocyte, li-collagen fibers, le likhoele tse senyang; matrix a se nang matla kapa a fokolang; e akarelletsa lefu la lefu la hyaline, fibrocartilage le khase ea khase)
- Lihlahisoa tse nang le li-Adipose (mofuta oa tšehetso ea lihlahisoa tse sebetsang tse nang le li-cushions, li boloka mafura a mangata le matla; li na le lisele tse nang le li-reticular le li-fibers reticular)
- Matšoao a haemopoietic kapa a lymphatic (e leng lisele tse nang le lik'hemik'hale tse kopanetsoeng lihlahisoa tsa lisele tsa mali; li na le leukocyte le likhoele tsa liprotheine tse metsi tse qhibilihang tse entsoeng nakong ea ho koala; karolo ea extracellular ke plasma)
- Mali (a nang le erythrocyte, leukocyte, thrombocyte; likhoele ke liprotheine tse qhibilihang; ntho e 'ngoe e sebelisoang ke plasma)
- Lesapo (mokhoa o tšehetsang lihlahisoa tse nang le li-osteoblasts kapa osteocyte; e na le likhoele tsa collagen 'me li tiile kapa li baloa)
Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, likhoele, proteoglycan, le GAG li laoloa ebile li laoloa ke ho leka-lekanngoa pakeng tsa tlhahiso le ho senyeha. Ho leka-lekanya ho boloka li-cytokines , lintho tse hola, le li-MMPs tse nyenyefatsang (matrix metalloproteinases). Haeba ho na le ho se leka-lekane, maloetse a maiketsetso a ka hlahang. Ka mohlala, ho na le litšila tse nang le letlooa linthong tse kang osteoarthritis , ramatiki ea ramatiki le lefu la masapo . Ho eketseha ha marang-rang ho qaptjoang ho ka lebisa ho scleroderma kapa interstitial pulmonary fibrosis.
Ho na le maloetse le maemo a fetang 200 a amanang le lisele tse sebetsang.
Matšoao a mang a maiketsetso ke liphello tsa tšoaetso, kotsi, kapa ka lebaka la ho se tloaelehe ha liphatsa tsa lefutso. Sesosa sa maloetse a mang a maiketsetso a ntse a sa tsejoe.
> Mehloli:
> Tisue e tsitsitseng. Kemiso ea Lihlahisoa Tse Kopanetsoeng. Tataiso ea Histology. Univesithi ea Leeds.
> Lihlahisoa tse ikemetseng: Tlhaloso ea Matrix le Bohlokoa ba eona ho Phekolo ea 'mele. Phekolo ea 'mele. Culav EM le al. March 1999.
> Matšoenyeho a Kopaneng a Matšoao. MedlinePlus.