Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa, ho nahanisisa, le litlhaloso
Sustiva (efavirenz) ke moriana o thibelang likokoana-hloko o sebelisoang ho phekola HIV ho batho ba babeli ba baholo le bana.
Sustiva e khetholloa e le e seng nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) hape e boetse e le karolo ea tekanyo e tsitsitseng e kopanyang lithethefatsi Atripla (tenofovir + emtricitabine + efavirenz) e atisang ho sebelisoa joaloka phekolo ea meriana ea pele US
Sustiva e ile ea amoheloa hore e sebelisoe ke US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ka la 21 September, 1998.
Europe le likarolong tse ling tsa lefats'e, lithethefatsi li rekisoa tlasa lebitso le fapaneng la khoebo, Stocrin.
Ho thehoa ha lithethefatsi
Motsoako o fumaneha setlapeng sa 600mg. Letlapa le mosehla, e leng oblong ke filimi e koetsoeng le e hatisitsoeng "SUSTIVA" mahlakore ka bobeli.
Sustiva e boetse e teng ka 200mg le 50mg foromo ea capsule. Li-capsules tse 200mg li na le khauta e mebala, e hatisitsoeng ka "SUSTIVA" 'meleng oa capsule le "200 mg" cap. Li-capsules tse 50mg li na le khapa ea khauta e hatisitsoeng ka "SUSTIVA" le 'mele o mosoeu o hatisitsoeng ka "t0 mg."
Tšebeliso ea motsoako ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa e le monotherapy empa ho e-na le ho kopanya le lithethefatsi tse ling tse lokeloang ke li-antiretroviral .
Dosages
Bakeng sa batho ba baholo, nka sesebelisoa se le seng sa 600mg hang ka letsatsi, hantle pele o robala le ka mpeng e se nang letho. Ho phaella moo:
- Haeba o sebelisitsoe ka molao le rifampin (e sebelisoang khafetsa bakeng sa ho phekola coinfection ea lefuba), eketsa tekanyo ho 800mg hang ka letsatsi bakeng sa bakuli ba boima ba lihekthere tse 110 (50kg).
- Haeba o laoloa ke li-voriconazole (e seng e sebelisoa kamehla bakeng sa ho phekola mafu a nang le tšoaetso ea HIV), eketsa tekanyo ea tlhokomelo ea voriconazole ho 400mg habeli ka letsatsi le ho fokotsa Sustiva ho 300mg hang ka letsatsi.
Bakeng sa bana ba ka bang lilemo tse tharo le ho feta li-7.7 lbs (35kg), ba laele ka tsela e latelang:
- 7.7 lbs (3.5kg) ho ea ho tse 11 lbs (5kg): 100mg
- 11 lbs (5kg) ho ea ho 16,5 lbs (7.5kg): 150mg
- 16.5 lbs (7.5kg) ho fihlela ho 33 lbs (15kg): 200mg
- 33 lbs (15kg) ho ea ho tse 44 lbs (20kg): 250mg
- Li-44kg tse lik'hilograma tse 20 ho ea ho tse 55 lbs (25kg): 300mg
- 55 lbs (25kg) ho e ka tlase ho 71.6 lbs (32.5kg): 350mg
- Likhato tse 71.6 (32.5kg) ho ea ho tse 88lbs (40kg): 400mg
- 88 lbs (40kg) le ho feta: 600mg
Li-capsules tsa motsoako li ka metsoa ka ho feletseng kapa joaloka sprinkles. Ho ts'ehetsa ka foromo ea letlapa, ka lehlakoreng le leng, ha ho mohla ho lokelang ho senyeha kaha sena se ka etsa hore ho be le tekano e sa lekaneng (kapa ho khetholla ho ka etsahala) ho bana.
Liphello tse Tloaelehileng
Litla-morao tse tloaelehileng tse amanang le tšebeliso ea Sustiva (ka 10% ea linyeoe kapa ka tlase) ke:
- Rash
- Nausea
- Sehlōhō
- Hlooho ea hlooho
- Mokhathala
- Ho tsieleha
- Ho otla
- Ho imeloa kelellong
- Ho otloa ke mpa
- Litoro tse sa tloaelehang, tse hlakileng
- Letšollo
- Ho tepella maikutlong
- Ho tšoha / ho tšoenyeha
Bongata ba matšoao a hangata a khutsufatsa, hangata a iketsetsa liqeto ka mor'a libeke tse 'maloa ho ea ho khoeli. Tse ling tsa methapo ea methapo ea liphello (ho ba le botsoa, ho senyeha ha maemo) ho ka fokotsoa ka ho nka Sustiva pele ho robala.
Li-Rashes tse Kopantsoeng ka Letlalo
Liphuputsong tsa tleliniki tse laoloang, 26% ea bakuli ba sa tsoa pepesa ho Sustiva ba ile ba e-ba le bothata bo itseng ba letlalo, le hoja boholo ba bona bo ne bo le bobebe 'me ba atisa ho hlaha libeke tse peli tsa pele tsa ho qalisoa.
Haeba u hlahisa rash kapele ka mor'a ho qala Sustiva, iteanye le ngaka kapa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Maemong a sa tloaelehang (maemong a ka tlaase ho 1%), lebelo le ka 'na la e-ba matla, le hlahisa ka feberu le blister, e leng se bontšang ho ruruha ha' mele ho ka bolaeang ho thoeng ke Stevens-Johnson, e sa hlokeng feela phekolo ea phekolo empa hang-hang bongaka hlokomela.
Maemong a mang a mang, lebelo le atisa ho itokolla ntle le hore le khaotse ho phekoloa.
Litlhōlisano
Ho ts'ehetsa ha hoa lokela ho sebelisoa le li-non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors tse ling: Edurant (rilpivirine), Intelence (etravirine), Rescriptor (delavirdine), kapa Viramune (nevirapine).
Mokuli ea nang le tšebetso ea hypersensitivity e fetileng ho Sustiva-ho kopanyelletsa le lefu la Stevens-Johnson ( bona ka holimo ) kapa leqeba la letlalo la chefo-ha lea lokela ho tsosolosoa ka lithethefatsi ena kapa ho laeloa Atripla, e leng tekanyo e tsitsitseng ea ho kopanya lithethefatsi tse kenyelletsoeng ho akarelletsa Sustiva.
Sustiva ha e kgothalehe hape ha e laoloa ke lithethefatsi tsa hepatitis C (HCV) Victrelis (boceprevir) le Olysio (simeprevir) ka lebaka la tahlehelo ea phekolo ea meriana ea likokoana-hloko tse peli tsa HCV.
Litlhahlobo tsa Kalafo
Ts'ehetso e 'nile ea amahanngoa le ho se tloaelehe ha fetalane lithutong tse' maloa tsa liphoofolo. Ha ho ntse ho e-na le likhang mabapi le hore na Sustiva o beha kotsi leha e le efe ho batho, ho khothalletsoa hore Sustiva a qojoe nakong ea bokhachane, haholo-holo nakong ea pele ea boraro. Hape bo-'mè ba eletsoa hore ba se ke ba anyesa ha ba ntse ba nka Sustiva.
Lisebelisoa:
US Administration of Drug and Drug Administration (FDA). "Phaello ea Lithethefatsi ea Lithethefatsi - Sustiva (efavirenz) 50mg, 100mg, li-capsules tsa 200mg." Silver Spring, Maryland; e ntšitsoeng ka la 21 September, 1998.