Ho fumanoa hore batho ba ka bang 30 000 ba na le boloetse ba Lyme selemo le selemo United States. Lefu la Lyme ke tšoaetso e bakiloeng ke baktheria e bitsoa Borrelia burgdorferi e fetisetsoang ho batho ka likolobe tse nang le tšoaetso tse ntšo tse nang le tšoaetso, tse tsejoang e le li-ticks. Matšoao a ka qala kae kapa kae ho tloha ka mor'a hore u lomeloa lilemo tse latelang. U na le monyetla o moholo oa ho tšoara lefu la Lyme karolong e ka Leboea-bochabela, Bohareng ba Atlantic, kapa Leboea-Bohareng.
Histori ea Mafu a Lyme
Lefu la Lyme le ile la fumanoa ka lekhetlo la pele ka 1975 ka mor'a hore bafuputsi ba batlisise hore na ke hobane'ng ha bana ba bangata ka ho sa tloaelehang ba fumanoa ba e-na le ramatiki ea bana ba Lyme, Connecticut le metse e 'meli e haufi. Bafuputsi ba fumane hore bana ba bangata ba amehileng ba lula le ho bapala haufi le libaka tseo likolobe li phelang ho tsona. Ba boetse ba fumane hore matšoao a pele a bana a qala ka likhoeli tsa lehlabula, nako ea boholo ba nako ea tick. Ba bangata ba bakuli bao ho buisanoeng le bona ba tlalehile hore ba na le lesela la letlalo pele ba hlahisa ramatiki ea bona, 'me ba bangata ba ntse ba hopola hore ba longoa ke letšoao sebakeng sa rash.
Liphuputso tse ling li fumane hore likhahla tse nyane tse nang le tšoaetso ea kokoana-hloko e bōpehileng joaloka spirochete kapa spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi li ne li ikarabella bakeng sa ho qhoma ha ramatiki Lyme. Europe, ho phatloha ha letlalo ho tšoana le ea lefu la Lyme ho hlalositsoe libukeng tsa bongaka ho tloha mathoasong a lekholo la bo20 la lilemo.
Phekolo ea Lyme e ka nna ea ata ho tloha Europe ho ea United States mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1900, empa litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle li sa tsoa hlokomela hore ke boloetse bo fapaneng.
Matšoao
Nakong ea eona ea pele, lefu la Lyme hangata le baka moferefere o bitsoang erythema migrans ho potoloha sebaka sa ho loma mme ka linako tse ling matšoao a kang a mafu a mabe, mathata a methapo le mathata a pelo.
U lokela ho batla phekolo ka potlako haeba u hlokomela leha e le efe ea matšoao ao 'me ua tseba kapa u belaela hore u ka be u longoe ke tick, haholo-holo haeba u lula kapa u e-ea sebakeng se tsebahalang ka lefu la Lyme.
Lisosa
Lefu la Lyme le bakoa ke baktheria Borrelia burgdorferi , e fetisetsoang ke batho ka likhapana tse nang le tšoaetso. Lintlha tse ling , tse kang liphatsa tsa lefutso, li ka ama matšoao a hau.
Tsejoa
Kalafo ea Lyme ka linako tse ling e ka fumanoa e e-na le liteko tsa anti-antibody empa hangata e fumanoa ke matšoao a hau , haholo-holo haeba u se na li-erythema migrans tse phatlollang. Liteko tse ncha li ntse li ntlafatsoa ho thusa ho fuputsa hantle.
Phekolo
Phekolo e kholo ea lefu la Lyme ke mokhoa oa lithibela-mafu. Leha ho le joalo, mehato e meng e ka 'na ea hloka ho nkoa ho latela matšoao a hao le hore na u fumane tšoaetso nako e kae.
Thibelo
Ho na le mekhoa e mengata eo u ka thibelang letšoao le llang le ka lebisang ho lefu la Lyme, ho tloha ha u apara ho ea kamoo u leng sebaka sa ho lula u falimehile ka ho hlahloba li-ticks letsatsi le leng le le leng nakong ea phaputso ea selemo. Kojoana e ncha ea lefu la Lyme le eona e ntse e sebelisoa.
Lintlha ka Likolose
Hobane feela u otloa ke tick e tšoaetsanoang ha e bolele hore u tla tšoaroa ke lefu la Lyme.
Ho loma ha hoa etsahala ka metsotsoana e seng mekae e kang ho loma menoang kapa ho nooa ha linotši. Letšoao le thibela motho kapa phoofolo ka nako e itseng ha e ntse e tšela mali ho motho ea amohelang. Haeba tick e na le tšoaetso, e ka fetisetsa baktheria ho motho ea e amohelang.
Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse (CDC) e re letšoao le lokela ho lula le momahane ka lihora tse 24 kapa ho feta e le hore u hlahise lefu la Lyme. Ke ka lebaka leo ho kgothaletswa hore o itlhahlobe, litho tsa lelapa la hau, le liphoofolo tsa lapeng tsa hau hang ka letsatsi nakong ea khefu. Ho longoa ka nakoana ho nka nako e fokolang ho ke ke ha fetisetsa lefu lena.
Litekete tse fetisang boloetse ba Lyme United States (likhasepi tsena li shebahala li tšoana haholo) li kenyelletsa:
- Letšoao le nang le mahlo a batsho kapa la nama le bitsoang Ixodes scapularis , le tloaelehileng karolong e ka Leboea-bochabela, Bohareng ba Atlantic le bohareng ba bohareng
- Letšoao le ka bophirimela le nang le malinyane le bitsoang Ixodes pacificus , le fumanoang Leoatleng le ka Bophirimela
Ho na le li-ticks tse ngata lefatšeng ka bophara tse sa jereng lefu la Lyme, ho kenyelletsa le Lone star ticks ( Amblyomma americanum ), e bitsoang Dog Dog tick ( Dermacentor variabilis ), tick tick Mountain ( Dermacentor andersoni ), le tick dog ( Rhipicephalus sanguineus ). Seo ha se bolele hore li-ticks tsena ha li khone ho fetisetsa kapa ho fetisetsa mafu a mang, leha ho le joalo.
Karolo ea Lithaka le Litoeba
Litoeba tse nyenyane le likhama li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho phekotsing ea phepo ea likhama. Li-ticks li na le mahe a fetohang li-larvae tse jang litoeba le liphoofolo tse ling tse nyenyane. Joale li-larvae li fetoha li-ticks tse nyenyane tse bitsoang nymphs, tse jang liphoofolo tse nyenyane le liphoofolo tse nyenyane. Li-ticks tse kholo tsa batho ba baholo li atisa ho ja lijo tsa mafura nakong ea batho ba baholo. Li-nymphs le li-ticks tse kholo li ka fetisetsa libaktheria tse bakang mafu a Lyme.
Moo ho fumanoang maloetse a Lyme
Phekolo ea Lyme e tlalehiloe hoo e batlang e le mebuso eohle United States, le hoja mokuli a ka khona ho fumana tšoaetso ea lefu lena naheng e 'ngoe ntle le eo nyeoe ea hae e neng e tsejoa ka eona. Lilemo tse fetang 95 lekholong tsa linyeoe tsohle tse tlalehiloeng li tsoa ho tsena:
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Minnesota
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New york
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Wisconsin
Lefu la Lyme le fumanoa likarolong tse kholo tsa Asia le Europe.
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho
Haeba u fumanoe u e-na le boloetse ba Lyme, litaba tse molemo ke hore phekolo e nepahetseng e nang le lithibela-mafu hangata e lebisa ho hlaphoheloa ka ho feletseng, esita leha ho e-na le mafu a morao. Le hoja boloetse ba Lyme bo baka mathata a mangata a bophelo bo botle, ke mathata ao sechaba sa lipatlisiso tsa bongaka se nang le thepa ea ho kopana le sona. Tlhahisoleseding e ncha ka lefu la Lyme e bokella ka potlako, ka lebaka la patlisiso ea saense e etsoang ho pota lefatše.
> Mehloli:
> Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse (CDC). Maloetse a Lyme. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 19 January, 2018.
> Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse (CDC). Mafu a Lyme: Dintlha le Lipalo-palo. E hlalositsoe ka la 13 November, 2017.
> Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse (CDC). Mafu a Lyme: Lipotso Tse Botsoang Hangata. E fetotsoe ka la 5 September, 2017.