E ama Metsoana ea hau ea mokokotlo joang?
Mokokotlo oa ho ema ha motho (ho bona eka, nahana ka ha o ema o eme) o na le li-curve tse 4 tse kholo. Li arotsoe ke libaka tse kang tsena:
- Mokokotlo, kapa molala
- Thoracic, kapa ka holimo le bohareng ba morao
- Lumbar, e leng khutsufatso ea hau le
- Sekhahla sa sacral, se karolong e ka tlaase ea mokokotlo oa hau
Litaelo tsa tsena li-curve li fapana - e mong ka morao ho e 'ngoe. Tšobotsi ena ea kaho e thusa ho fana ka tšehetso le ho leka-lekana 'meleng oa hau ha u ntse u feta letsatsing la hau.
Likarolo tse tloaelehileng le mehato e kang ho lutse, ho ema, ho tsamaea, ho kheloha, ho sotha, ho phahamisa le melemo e mengata haholo ho tsena tse fetohang li-spinal curves.
Botlalo ba mokokotlo oa hau ho tloha molaleng ho ea ho pholletsa le tlaase-kholo ea lumbar (e bitsoang L-5) e lula holim'a sacrum ea hau. Sehlopha sena sa tlase (L5 - sacrum) se bitsoa kopane ea lumbosacral.
Sacrum ke lesapo la monoana o motona o kopantsoeng pakeng tsa masapo a mabeli a letheka morao ho thusa ho tsitsisa, hammoho le ho phomola, mojaro oa mokokotlo oa hau ha o fetisetsa 'meleng oa hau o tlaase. E etsa sena ka ho aba boima ba mokokotlo ho tloha pelvis le tlaase (e leng lirope tsa hao, mangole, maoto a ka tlase, maqeba le maoto.)
'Me mokokotlo oa lumbosacral, ho ea ka Renee Calliet, MD le moqapi, o na le likarolo tse 5 tsa lumbar, ho kopanyelletsa le kopane e tlaase ka ho fetisisa ea L5-sacrum. "Karolo" ke karolo e kopanetsoeng ; ka mantsoe a mang, e na le karolo e ka holimo ea lesapo le mokokotlo oa lesapo la mokokotlo le nang le diski pakeng tsa tse peli.
(Sebaka se seng le se seng sa mokokotlo se lumellanang le likhahla lethathamong le ka holimo le na le palo e itseng ea likarolo.)
Angolo ea Lumbosacral e hlalosoa
Hobane mokokotlo oa hao oa mokokotlo o lula holim'a sacrum bone, khalase ea sacrum e lekanyetsa tekanyo ea e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea marapo.
Joalokaha u ka inahanela, boima ba 'mele oa hao bo ka holimo bo tsoa mokokotlong, ho feta ka L5 vertebra ho sacram.
Nako e ka holimo ea sacrum bone (e bitsoang base sacral) e ka ba, ka ho bua, e phallang kapa e teteaneng, le libaka tse pakeng tsa tsona.
E le motheo oa ts'ehetso bakeng sa sefate sa mokokotlo, joale, sekhahla sena sa sacral se lekanya boholo ba lumbar, thoracic le malapa a mokokotlo. Ka mantsoe a mang, ho qala ka motheo (top of sacrum) le ho nyoloha mokokotlo, lehlakoreng le leng le khetholla e mong. Ha e le hantle, karolo ea sacral ea lenonyeletso la lumbosacral e tsebahala ka ho fetisisa e le motheo oa sacral.
Angle ea Lumbosacral le Spondylolisthesis
Sepheo se tloaelehileng sa mokokotlo se hlahang selekane sa L5-sacrum se bitsoa spondylolisthesis, kapa se-slide se ka pele ho sona, se ka tlase ho tlase. Boemo bona bo ama bacha le ba baholo, le hoja ba le mefuta e sa tšoaneng. Ha e ntse e le mocha, e qala ho lemala sebakeng se senyenyane se ka morao ea mokokotlo o tsejoang e le lipapali ho baatlelete bao lipapali tsa bona li hlokang mekhoa e pheta-phetang ea mokokotlo. Ha nako e ntse e e-ea, kotsi ea li-pars e ka hlahisoa e le spondylolysis 'me qetellong e se e le li-spondylolisthesis. Batho ba hōlileng, spondylolysis le spondylolisthesis li bakoa ke liphetoho tse senyang mokokotlong.
Hosoe le Ohmori, thutong ea bona e nang le sehlooho se nang le sehlooho se reng, "Lintho Tse ka Khonehang tse Predispose ea Fifth Lumbar Vertebra ho Slip," e ileng ea hatisoa ka March 2008 ea Journal of the Bone and Joint Surgery, e ile ea tlaleha hore har'a lintho tse ling, "ho sekama" tafoleng ea sacral, kamoo ba e bitsang kateng (e leng ho boleloa ka lehlakoreng la ntlha ea bone ea sacrum moo mokokotlo o lutseng) e amahanngoa le sekhahla se phahameng sa spondylolisthesis.
Amanang: Ho khutlisetsa morao le mefuta e 2 ea Spondylolist
Lisebelisoa:
Calliet, R., MD, Moqapi oa Litšoantšo oa Anatomy ea Sebetsang sa Musculoskeletal System. American Medical Association Press. USA. 2004.
H. Hosoe, Hl, Ohmori, K. Lintho tse ka khonehang tse hlahisang Fifth Lumbar Vertebra ho Slip. Journal of the Bone le Joint Surgery. March 2008 http://www.boneandjoint.org.uk/content/jbjsbr/90-B/3/356.full.pdf