Cystoisosporiasis (eo pele e neng e tsejoa e le isosporiasis) ke tšoaetso e sa tloaelehang ea likokoana-hloko tsa mala a khethiloeng ke Li-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) e le boemo bo hlalosang AIDS . Ho ata ha lefatše ka bophara ho na le mefuta e mengata ea mafu a tšoaetsanoang haholo libakeng tsa tropike kapa tsa tropike (haholo-holo Caribbean, Central America le Afrika Boroa).
Ha ho e -na le phekolo ea meriana e thibelang li-antiretroviral (ART) , cystoisosporiasis e nkoa e le ntho e sa tloaelehang har'a batho ba phelang le HIV linaheng tse tsoetseng pele. Leha ho le joalo, ho phatloha ka linako tse ling ho 'nile ha tlalehoa lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka kakaretso ho bakoa ke ho khutlela baeti kapa bajaki ba tsoang libakeng tsa tropike.
Causal Agent
Cystoisosporiasis e bakiloe ke Cystoisospora belli ( C. belli ), likokoana-hloko tsa mala a amanang haholo le Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii ) le Cryptosporidium .
( T. gondii le Cryptosporidium ke mahlaseli a kotsi bakeng sa maemo a mabeli a hlalosang AIDS, toxoplasmosis ea boko le cryptosporidiosis , ka ho latellana.)
Tsela ea ho fetisa
Batho ke bona feela mabotho a tummeng a C. belli , lefu lena le jalang ka lijo kapa metsi a silafalitsoeng ke litlolo tse tsoang ho batho ba nang le tšoaetso. Ts'oaetso ka ho kopanela liphate ka molomo-anal ("rimming") hape e ka khoneha.
Matšoao
Matšoao a ka qeta libeke 'me a kenyeletsa mahlaba a mpa a fokolang le ho tšolla metsi a matla, a tsamaea le feberu e fokolang le e tlaase.
Bakeng sa batho ka bomong ba nang le tšoaetso ea 'mele, matšoao ana a ka tsoela pele ho felloa ke metsi, khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng kapa khutsuoa haeba a sa alafatsoe.
Batho ba nang le bokhoni ba ho itšireletsa mafung, tšoaetso ea C. belli e atisa ho ba le tšoaetso.
Tsejoa
Tlhaloso ea tlhokomelo ea meriana ha e hlalosoe ka cryptosporidiosis 'me e hloka tlhahlobo e nyenyane ea sesebelisoa sa mokuli (kapa, ka linako tse ling, bothata ba lesapo la mala) ho netefatsa hore na lefu lena le fumanoa joang.
Phekolo
Cystoisosporiasis hangata e tšoaroa ka lithibela-mafu tse nang le sulfa, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ).
Batho ba nang le bokhoni ba ho itšireletsa mafung, cystoisosporiasis ka tloaelo ke boloetse bo fokolang 'me hangata bo rarolla ka matsatsi a' maloa a kalafo. Batho ba nang le boits'oaro ba ' mele ba nang le CD4 lipalo tse ka tlase ho lisele tse 150 / μL hangata ba arabela hantle' me ba atisa ho khutlela hang ha phekolo e emisoa. Maemong a joalo, bophelo ba nako e telele prophylaxis ea TMP-SMZ bo ka bontšoa.
Epidemiology
Cystoisosporiasis e atile Afrika, Australia, Caribbean, Latin America le Asia Boroa-bochabela. Linaheng tse ling, tse kang Haiti, batho ba ka bang 15% ba tšoaelitsoe ke C. belli. Har'a batho ba nang le HIV e kholo (palo ea CD4 tlas'a lisele tse 200 / mL), tekanyo ea eona e phahame le ho feta hoo e ka bang 40%.
Ho nka maeto a machaba ho thusitse ho ata ha lefu lena libakeng tse ling, ka ho hlaseloa ho le seng ho boletsoeng sebakeng sa Los Angeles ho tloha ka 1985 ho isa ho 1992. Nakong ena, ho tšoaetsoa ho ile ha tiisoa ka ho khetheha libakeng tse ling tsa Maaspanishe 'me hoo e ka bang batho ba neng ba khetholloa e le AIDS. Ho ata ho tloha pakeng tsa 5-7%.
Haufinyane, baahi ba sebaka sa Atlanta ba ne ba lumeloa hore ba na le tšoaetso ea C. belli le ho pholletsa le July 2015, 'me motho a le mong o tlaleha hore o khutlile a le leetong la Kenya.
Litekanyetso linaheng tse fokolang haholo, li fumaneha haholo lilemong tsa morao tjena ka lebaka la tšebeliso e tloaelehileng ea TMP-SMZ, lithethefatsi tse fanoeng e le prophylaxis ho thibela pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) ho batho ba nang le HIV.
Ho bitsoa mantsoe: sis-to-eye-so-spore-EYE-uh-sis
E boetse e tsejoa e le: Isoporiasis
Lisebelisoa:
Litsi tsa US bakeng sa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse (CDC). "Sehlomathiso sa A - Tlhaloso ea Boemo ba AIDS." Atlanta, Georgia; Qetellong e hlalositsoe ka la 20 November, 2008.
Heyworth, M. "Matšoao a likokoana-hloko a likokoanyana tse sa sebetsaneng le 'mele. Cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis le strongyloidiasis." Li-Clinic tsa Gastroenterology tsa North America. 1996; 25 (3): 691-707.
Lagrange-Xélot, M .; Porcher, R .; Sarfati, C ;; et al. "Isosporiasis ho bakuli ba nang le tšoaetso ea HIV nakong ea phekolo e matla haholo ea phekolo ea li-antiretroviral Fora." HIV Medicine. February 2008; 9 (2): 126-130.
Guiguet, M .; Furco, A .; Tattevin, P .; et al. "Tšoaetso ea li-Isospora e amanang le HIV: tšoaetso le lisosa tsa kotsi Lefats'eng la Sepetlele sa Fora ka HIV." HIV Medicine. March 2007; 8 (2): 124-130.
Sorvillo, F .; Lieb, L .; Seidel, J .; et al. "Epidemiology of isosporiasis har'a batho ba nang le lefu la immunodeficiency le fumanoeng Los Angeles County." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene . December 1995; 53 (6): 656-9.
Petchenik, M. "Lingaka li lumela hore likokoana-hloko li baka boloetse bo sa tloaelehang sebakeng sa Atlanta." Newton Daily New; e hatisitsoeng ka la 15 July, 2015.
DeHovitz, J .; Pape, J .; Boncy, M .; et al. "Litšebeletso tsa meriana le phekolo ea lefu la Isospora belli li tšoaetsoa bakuli ba nang le lefu la immunodeficiency syndrome." New England Journal of Medicine . La 10 Phupu, 1986; 315 (2): 87-90.