Fluoride le Li-fluoridated Link ea Matšoao a Mafu a Thyroid
Metsi a fluoridation a hlalosoa e le ho phaella ha lik'hemik'hale tsa liporofone tsa fluoride-tse tloaelehileng tsa hydrofluorosilicic kapa sesedium silicofluoride - ho metsi, ka sepheo sa ho thusa ho thibela ho senya leino. Ho hakanyetsoa hore karolo ea 70 lekholong ea metsi ho United States e na le fluoridated. Sena se fapana le lichaba tse ngata tse tsoetseng pele, ho akarelletsa le Japane le boholo ba Europe Bophirimela, tse se nang mananeo a fluoridation.
Ho phalla ha metsi a metsi sebakeng sa United States ho fetohile taba ea sechaba e ntseng e tsoela pele ho ngangisana libakeng tse ling, ka lipuisano tse matla tse etsoang libakeng tse ntseng li hlahloba phepelo ea fluoride, 'me maemong a mang, bahanyetsi ba leka ho senya mananeo a hona joale a fluoridation.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng la bothata ke bo-rasaense ba pro-fluoridation - hammoho le litsebi tsa meno le basebeletsi ba bophelo bo botle - ba tsitlallelang hore phepelo ea metsi e bolokehile ka kakaretso. Sebaka sa bona ke hore fluoridation ea metsi - hammoho le tšebeliso ea menoana ea meno le lipompo tsa molomo - e ka fokotsa haholo ho ata ha likheo. (1) Ho ea ka American Dental Association (ADA), metsi a fluoridation a fokotsa ho bola ha leino ka karolo ea 20 ho isa ho 40 lekholong. Batho ba ts'ebelang metsi ka matla ba bolela hore kotsi feela ea bohlokoa ea liphello tsa fluoridation ke kotsi ea meno ea fluorosis, ho senyeha ha lesapo leino le hlahang ka likhahla tse phahameng tsa ho pepesa fluoride, 'me ha ho kotsi ea bophelo bo botle, ke bothata feela ba litlolo.
Ho hakanngoa hore meno a meno a fokolang a ama karolo e ka tlaase ho karolo ea bone ea baahi ba lilemo li 6 ho isa ho 49. (3) Ho kopaneloa ha lipalo tsa fluoride le fluorosis, ho fumana hore na litekanyetso tsa fluoride li tla fokotsa kapa li felise phello ena e ka thōko. Ka 2006, Komiti ea Sechaba ea Lekholo la Lipatlisiso ea litho tse 12 e ile ea buella ka bobeli hore tekanyo e phahameng ea 4 mg / L ea fluoride ea metsi ka thepa ea metsi e theoleloa.
Ka mor'a moo, Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo o ile oa theha tataiso ea boholo ba 1.5 mg / L ea fluoride ka metsi a nooang e le tsela ea ho qoba fluorosis. (4)
Bahanyetsi ba fluoride ba bolela hore melemo ea fluoride e fetisitsoe ke lethathamo la likotsi tsa bophelo bo botle tse fetang ka fluorosis. Ba bolela hore melemo ea ho loantša li-fluoride ha e belaelle, hore lipatlisiso ha li tsejoe (kapa li bile li sekiselitsoe ke tšusumetso ea indasteri ea meno). Bahanyetsi ba boetse ba bolela hore ho loana ka mahlakoreng ho bakoa ke ho hlahella lihlooho le hore ho kenngoa ha fluoride ha hoa hlokahala. Ba bolela hore ho pepeseha ho feteletseng ho ke ke ha qojoa ha fluoride e le ka metsi le hore ho pepeseha ha nako ka nako ho lumella fluoride hore e ipokelletse 'meleng, moo e ka senyang boko, ho fokotsa IQ, ho ba le liphello tse mpe tsa mali, le ho senya bone, har'a tse ling tse ngata liphello tsa bophelo bo botle. (5)
E 'ngoe ea litaba tse hanyetsanang ka ho fetisisa ke phello ea fluoride holim'a qoqotho ea qoqotho. Batho ba bangata ha ba tsebe hore karolong ea pele ea lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, fluoride e sebelisitsoe meriana e le lithethefatsi tse khahlanong le thyroid , ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ea qoqotho ho bakuli ba hyperthyroid . Fluoride e fumanoe e atlehile ho thibela kapa ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ea qoqotho, ho ea ka lipatlisiso, 'me tekanyo e hlokahalang ho fokotsa mosebetsi oa qoqotho e ne e le tlase - 2 ho isa ho 5 mg ka letsatsi ka nako ea likhoeli.
(6)
Bahanyetsi ba fluoridation ea metsi ba amehile ka hore litekanyetso tsa fluoride tse sebelisetsoang ho phekola thyroid e fetelletseng haholo li na le likheo tse lekaneng (1,6 ho isa ho 6.6 mg / letsatsi) tse hakanngoa ho batho ba phelang metseng e nang le metsi a fluoridated.
Le hoja lithuto tse 'maloa li sa fumane khokahanyo leha e le efe pakeng tsa fluoride le lefu la thyroid, lithuto tse ling (7) li fumane hore fluoride e ka baka liphetoho lijong tsa qoqotho, ho akarelletsa le
- ho fokotsoe litekanyetso tsa T3
- ho eketsa litekanyetso tsa TSH
- ho hōla ha qoqotho (goiter)
Ke Eng e Lokelang ho Etsahala?
Ts'ebetsong ea fluoridation e fetile ka lilemo tse fetang 50 mme e ka 'na ea tsoelapele nakong e tlang.
Ka lithuto tse hlophisitsoeng le lipatlisiso tse sa tsejoeng ka mahlakoreng ka bobeli, ho hlakile hore phehisano ea liphello tsa phekolo ea thyroid e tla tsoela pele ka lilemo tse mashome, ha litsebi mahlakoreng ka bobeli a taba li supa lipatlisiso tse tšehetsang maemo le merero ea bona.
Khabareng, bakuli ba qoqotho ba lokela ho etsa'ng?
Joaloka qalo, u ka lula u tseba. Bakeng sa boitsebiso ba pro-fluoride, ntlha e ntle ea ho qala ke leqephe la American Dental Association's Fluoride le Fluoridation. E 'ngoe ea mehloli e molemohali ea tlhahisoleseding mabapi le khanyetso ea fluoridation ke Fluoride Action Alert, e etelletsoeng ke Dr. Paul Connett.
Ka sebele, bakuli ba qoqotho ba na le khetho ea ho latela litlhahiso tsa ADA le Li-Centers bakeng sa ho Laola Mafu (CDC), 'me ba tsoela pele ho ja metsi a nang le fluoride , le ho sebelisa lihlahisoa tsa meno tse hlahisoang ke metsi.
Leha ho le joalo, ke habohlokoa hore u hlokomele temoso ea CDC khahlanong le ho sebelisoa ha lebese le phofo la masea le tsosolositsoeng ka metsi a fluoridated. Ho ea ka CDC, haeba ke eona feela mohloli oa phepo ea bana, "ho ka 'na ha e-ba le menyetla e eketsehileng ea meno e bonolo ea meno. E le ho fokotsa monyetla ona, batsoali ba ka sebelisa metsi a metsi a tlaase a metsi a tlaase ka nako e itseng ho kopanya lebese la masea; metsi a mangata a tšoaetsoeng a ngotsoe e le de-ionized, a hloekisitsoeng, a fokotsoe ka matla, kapa a silafalitsoe. " (8)
Hape u ka 'na ua batla ho fumana hore na fluoride e kae ka metsi a hao. Khokahanyo e sebetsang ho database ea CDC, Fluoride Finder , e ka u thusa ho tseba maemo a fluoride sebakeng sa hau.
Bakeng sa ba nahanang hore mathata a hlahisitsoeng ke bahanyetsi ke a utloahalang, Richard Shames, MD, moqapi oa libuka tse 'maloa tsa lefu la qoqotho , le ngaka e kopantsoeng ea Harvard e koetlisitsoeng e itse:
Rea tseba hore 4 kapa 5 mg ka letsatsi ea fluoride e ngata haholo, empa bothata ke hore ha ho motho ea tsebang hore na batho ba fumana eng. Ba sebelisang metsi a mangata le ho noa, ba itlhatsoa khafetsa, ba sesa ka matamo, joalo-joalo kapa ba sebelisa lipilisi tsa meno kapa li-mouthrinses, ba ka tšeloa ho feta fluoride ntle le ho e hlokomela. Mohato oa pele oo u lokelang ho o nka ke ho khaotsa ho noa metsi a nooang. U tla hloka ho feta sekhetho sa carbon cannister e hloekisang metsi ka morero ona. Ho e-na le hoo, o tla hloka se-osmosis se ncha kapa sesebelisoa sa distillation. Ke boetse ke fana ka tlhahiso ea hore ho se na fluoridated meno ea matsoho, e fumanehang habonolo ka ho shebahala ka hloko setulong sa polokelo ea lijo. Kea hlokomela hore ho ka khoneha hore bana ba sa sebelise fluoride ba ka 'na ba e-na le litapole tse ngata, empa sena ha se e-s'o fane ka khotsofalo ea ngaka e' ngoe le e 'ngoe. Ke lumela hore melemo ea fluoride, esita le bakeng sa bana, e fetisitsoe haholo, mme likotsi li fokotseha. Bakeng sa ba ikutloang ba hloka ho sebelisa lihlahisoa tse hlahisoang ke metsi bakeng sa meno a bana ba bona, joalo ka litaba tse ngata tsa bophelo bo botle, tekanyo ea tekano ke senotlolo. E sebedise hanyane ka hanyane le tlas'a taolo e haufi, 'me u se ke ua lumella bana hore ba je lihlahisoa tse nang le fluoride.
Lisebelisoa
(1) Petersen, P. et. "Ho sebelisa ka mokhoa o atlehang oa fluorides bakeng sa ho thibela menyako ea meno lekholong la bo21 la lilemo: mokhoa oa WHO," Community Dentistry le Oral Epidemiology , Buka ea 32, Khaolo ea 5, leqepheng la 319-321, October 2004
(2) Mokhatlo oa Maiketsetso oa Maamerika, "Flouride & Fluoridation," Sehlooho sa 'nete, www.ada.org
(3) Beltrán-Aguilar, E. le. al. "Ho ata le ho matla ha Meriana ea Matšoao a Meriana United States, 1999-2004," NCHS Data Brief, Number 53, November 2010, Inthaneteng
(4) Fagin D, "Mehopolo ea bobeli ka fluoride". Scientific American 298 (1): 74-81. January 2008
(5) Connett, Paul, "Mabaka a 50 a ho Hanyetsa Phallo, September 2012," Fluoride Action Network, Inthaneteng
(6) Galletti P, le. al. 1958. "Phello ea fluorine ea methapo ea methapo ea iodine ea qoqotho ea hyperthyroidism. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology," 18 (10): 1102-1110. 1958
(7) Susheela AK, et al. "Ho fetisoa ha fluoride ho kenella le lihomone tsa thyroid tse nang le lihomone tsa qoqotho li lulang New Delhi, India." Fluoride , 38: 98-108. 2005. Lekhotla la Sechaba la Lipatlisiso. "Fluoride ka metsi a nooang: tlhahlobo ea saense ea litekanyetso tsa EPA." National Academy Press, Washington DC 2006.
(8) "Kakaretso: Foromo ea masea le Fluorosis," Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse, Inthaneteng