Ho na le lithethefatsi tse sebelisetsoang ho phekola HIV tse ka eketsang mahloriso a plasma ea li -antiretroviral (li-ARV) ha li sebelisoa kalafo e kopaneng. Tse tsejoang haholo e le "boosters," lithethefatsi li lumella lingaka ho fokotsa tekanyo le makhetlo a li-ARV tsa mohlanka ha li ntse li fokotsa menyetla ea litla-morao tse amanang le lithethefatsi.
Li-boosters tsa HIV, tse tsejoang hape e le li-enhancers tsa pharmacokinetic, ha lia lokela ho ferekanngoa le li-vithamine kapa li tlatsitsoe ka "li-boosters" tse sa tsejoeng bakeng sa ho thibela kapa ho loantša tšoaetso ea HIV.
Tlhaloso ea HIV Boosters
Ha HIV protease inhibitors (IP) e qala ho fumanoa bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-1990, e 'ngoe ea mathata a ka sehloohong ho bafuputsi e ne e le lebelo le potlakileng leo lithethefatsi li neng li sebelisoa ka lona sebeteng le ho tlosoa mali. Ka lebaka leo, li-PIs li hlokahalang ka makhetlo a mabeli ho isa ho tse tharo-letsatsi le leng le le leng. Hase feela hore litekanyetso tse phahameng li eketsa kotsi ea ho noa lithethefatsi, moroalo o phahameng oa pilisi o ile oa etsa hore ho be thata haholoanyane (le tsoelo-pele ea ho hanyetsa hangata).
Ka 1996, moriana oa Norvir (ritonavir) o ile oa amoheloa ho sebelisoa HIV ka US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Le hoja lithethefatsi li ne li tsejoa hore li na le mefuta ea likokoana-hloko, kapele ho ile ha sibolloa hore, esita le ka tekanyo e tlase haholo, e ka thibela enzyme e matla (CYP3A4) e hlokahalang ho fokotsa li-PIs.
Ho sibolloa hang-hang ho ile ha ama tsela eo li-PI li neng li laeloa ka eona. Kajeno, Norvir ha e sebelisoe hangata bakeng sa bohato ba eona ba ho thibela likokoana-hloko, empa ho e-na le ho eketsa katleho ea li-PI tsa basebeletsi, ha e ntse e fokotsa liphello tse bohloko tse amanang le phekolo.
Moriana ona ke karolo ea motsoako o tsitsitseng oa PI, Kaletra (lopinavir + ritonavir).
(Ka kōpo hlokomela - Norvir e ka kena-kenana le lipalo tse ling tsa mali tse ling tseo u ka li nkang, ka linako tse ling li baka likamano tse tebileng. Ka kōpo u tsebisa ngaka ea hau ka meriana efe kapa efe eo ue sebelisang haeba Norvir kapa Kaletra e behiloe.)
Bokamoso ba Litlhahiso tsa HIV
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho bile le ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho hongata ho behiloeng ts'ebetsong ea lisebelisoa tse ling tsa HIV. Ho nahanoa hore mahlahana a joalo a ka 'na a se ke a eketsa matla a li-PI, empa a etse se tšoanang bakeng sa lihlopha tse ling tsa li-ARV-tse ka etsang hore ho be le litekanyetso tse lekanngoeng tsa letsatsi le leng le le leng, ha u ntse u lumella "tšoarelo" e kholo e lokela ho hloloheloa kapa phekolo ea lekhalo ho etsahala.
Ka 2012, lilemo tse 16 ka mor'a hore Norvir, setsi sa bobeli sa lithethefatsi se qetelle se amoheloa ke FDA. Tlhafo (cobicistat) , karolo ea motsoako o tsitsitseng oa metsoako ea lithethefatsi Stribild (elvitegravir + cobicistat + tenofovir + emtricitabine) , e bontšoa ho thibela enzyme ea CYP3A4 le liprotheine tse itseng tsa mala a tsejoang ho kena-kenana le ho kenngoa ha lithethefatsi.
Le hoja e se na li-anti-virus, Tybost e khona ho eketsa katleho ea elvitegravir, e leng HIV integrase inhibitor, ha e ntse e finyella liphello tse tšoanang le PIs Reyataz (atazanavir) le Prezista (darunavir) le analogue ea nucleotide Viread (tenofovir).
Mathoasong a 2015, FDA e lumelletse menyetla e 'meli e tsitsitseng e sebelisang Tybost, ho akarelletsa le Evotaz (atazanvir + cobicistat) le Prezcobix (darunavir + cobicistat) .
Lintho tse ling tsa ho ntlafatsa liteko li nkiloe lipatlisong, ho kenyelletsa le libuka tsa khale tsa CYP3A4 inhibitor tse ntseng li ntlafatsoa ke Sequoia Pharmaceuticals.
Lisebelisoa:
Setsi sa Sechaba sa Matšoafo le Mafu a Ku tšoaetsanoang (NIAID). "Tse peli tse ncha tsa protease inhibitors tse amoheloang ke FDA. Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi. " NIAID AIDS Agenda. Bethesda, Maryland; March 1996; 4-5.
US Administration of Drug and Drug Administration (FDA). "FDA e lumella pilisi e mecha ea ho kopanya bakeng sa phekolo ea HIV bakeng sa bakuli ba bang." Silver Spring, Maryland; tokomane ea khatiso e fanoeng ka la 27 August, 2012.
Gallant, J .; Koenig, E .; Andrade-Villanueva, J .; et al. "Cobicistat le Ritonavir e le Pharmacoenhancer ea Atazanavir Plus Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate ka Mokuli-ea nang le HIV Meriana ea 1 e nang le tšoaetso: Libeke tse 48." Journal of Infectious Diseases. La 1 July, 2013, 208 (1): 32-39 .
Bristol-Myers Squibb. "Evotaz (Atazanvir + cobicistat) - LINTHO TSA BOHLOKOA TSE BOLETSENG." New York, New York.
Bristol-Myers Squibb. "PREZCOBIX - LINTHO TSA BOHLOKOA TSE BOLETSENG." New York, New York.