Melemo le Likotsi tsa Mesebetsi Chemotherapy
Ho sebelisoa chemotherapy ke eng, ha e sebelisoa neng, mme melemo le melemo ea mokhoa ona oa phekolo ke efe?
Kakaretso
Chemotherapy e kopantsoeng e bolela feela tšebeliso ea meriana e fetang e le 'ngoe ea chemotherapy nakong ea ho tšoara kankere. Nakong e fetileng, kankere e ne e atisa ho tšoaroa ka lithethefatsi tse le 'ngoe, empa mekhoa ea phekolo ea mefuta e mengata ea kankere e sebelisa motsoako oa meriana e' meli kapa e fapaneng ka nako e le 'ngoe.
Histori ea ho Kopana Chemotherapy
Tšebeliso ea chemotherapy e kopantsoeng ho phekola kankere e ile ea bululeloa lilemong tsa bo-1960 ha bo-rasaense ba ipotsa hore na mokhoa oa ho phekola lefuba - ho sebelisa mefuta e meng ea lithibela-mafu ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho hanyetsa - o tla sebetsa le ho phekola kankere. Ka mokhoa ona, lik'hemik'hale tse kileng tsa e-ba teng lefatsheng ka bophara tse kang lefu la kankere ea mali le Hodgkin's lymphoma li ile tsa fetoha haholo. Ho tloha ka nako eo, chemotherapy e kopantsoe e amohetsoe bakeng sa kalafo ea lik'hemik'hale tse ling tse ngata hape.
Lilemong tsa bo-1970, chemotherapy e kopantsoeng e fumanoe e atlehile ho batho ba tšoeroeng ke kankere ea matšoafo, 'me ba atleha ho feta "sequential chemotherapy" kapa ho sebelisa meriana ea chemotherapy ka nako e latellanang, ho e-na le nako e le' ngoe.
Melemo
Ho na le melemo e 'maloa ea ho sebelisa meriana ea chemotherapy ho e-na le meriana e le' ngoe feela.
Tse ling tsa tsona li kenyelletsa:
- Ho fokotsa menyetla ea hore hlahala e tla hanyetsa phekolo. Feela joalokaha motsoako oa li-antibiotics o ka sebelisoa haeba mabaktheria a itseng a le khahlanong le e meng ea meriana, ho sebelisa meriana e 'meli kapa ho feta ea chemotherapy ho fokotsa kotsi ea hore sehlahala se tla hanyetsa phekolo.
- Ho etsa hore ho khonehe ho fana ka meriana eohle kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang lefung lena.
- Ho khona ho rarolla lipeo tse 'maloa ts'ebetsong ea kankere ka nako e le' ngoe. Kankere ke lefu le rarahaneng le amang mehato e mengata. Tšebeliso ea meriana ea chemotherapy e sebetsang ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea limolek'hule, kapa e hlalosang ts'ebetsong ea kankere e lokela ho etsa hore ho be le menyetla ea ho felisa kankere.
- Ho ruruha "haterogeneity" - Bo-rasaense ba sebelisa lentsoe tumor heterogeneity ho hlalosa kamoo lisele tsa kankere tse liphatseng li fapaneng kateng. Le ha lisele tsa pele tsa kankere li le "clones" - ka mantsoe a mang li tšoana - likarohano tse latellanang li baka liphetoho liseleng. Lisele tse ling tse hlahisoang ke hlahala li ka 'na tsa arabela meriana e itseng ha ba bang ba ka' na ba e-ba khahlanong le lithethefatsi tse ling.
- Lipatlisiso tsa moraorao li boetse li shebile litsela tseo ka tsona ho sebelisoang meriana ea chemotherapy e ka sebelisetsoang ho lumella oncologists ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse ling ka litekanyetso tse fokolang, kahoo li fokotsa monyetla oa liphello tse kotsi.
Ha e le hantle, tšebeliso ea chemotherapy e kopaneng le kankere e mengata e fumanoe e ntlafatsa bophelo, kapa e etsa hore ho be le karabelo e molemo holafo.
Mathata
Likotsi tse ling tse ka khonehang tsa motsoako li kenyelletsa:
- Ho ba le monyetla o eketsehileng oa chemotherapy litla- morao-. Ha ho bolele hore nako leha e le efe meriana e sebelisoa ho ka etsahala hore litla-morao li tla etsahala.
- Bothata ba ho tseba hore na ke lithethefatsi life tse bakileng phello e itseng ea lehlakoreng le leng - Haeba mokuli a hlahisa litholoana tse ling ha meriana e 'maloa e sebelisoa, ho ka ba thata ho tseba hore na meriana e na le boikarabelo bofe.
- Litšebelisano le lithethefatsi - Ka linako tse ling litla-morao ha li hlahe ka lebaka la meriana e itseng, empa ka lebaka la liphello pakeng tsa meriana.
- Ho bokella litla-morao - Ka mohlala, haeba u sebelisa lithethefatsi tse peli tse etsang hore lisele tse fokolang tsa mali li fokotsehe, kotsi ea ho sebelisa neutropenia (e fokolang palo ea mofuta oa lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali tse tsejoang e le neutrophils) e eketseha.
Mehlala
Ho na le lik'hemik'hale tse ngata tsa chemotherapy tse sebelisoang mefuta e fapaneng ea kankere. Mohlala o nang le kankere ea matšoafo o sebelisa motsoako oa Platinol (cisplatin) le Navelbine (vinorelbine) ho tšoara kankere e seng e nyenyane ea kankere ea masapo.
Ka nako e 'ngoe lentsoe le hlalosang mantsoe le sebelisetsoa ho hlalosa chemotherapy e kopaneng. Mohlala o mong ke ABVD bakeng sa lefu la Hodgkin le emelang meriana ea chemotherapy Adriamycin (doxorubicin), Blenoxane (bleomycin), Oncovin (vinblastine) le DTIC-Dome (dacarbazine).
Ho sebetsana ka katleho
Tseba metsoako e tloaelehileng ea likhemotherapy hammoho le litla-morao tsa nako e telele tsa chemotherapy , empa u hopole hore mekhoa ea ho laola matšoao ana e ntlafalitsoe haholo lilemong tsa morao tjena. Ka mohlala, batho ba bangata ha ba sa na lehloeo le ho hlatsa esita le lithethefatsi tse ka 'nang tsa baka matšoao ana.
Ho u etsa matsatsi a ha chemo a tsamaea hantle, sheba lenane la bohlokoa la seo u ka se jarang chemotherapy .
Lisebelisoa:
Delbaldo, C., Michiels, S., Syz, N. le al. Melemo ea ho eketsa lithethefatsi ho moemeli a le mong kapa moemeli oa 2-Agent Chemotherapy e tloaelehileng ka kankere e tsoetseng pele e sa nyenyane-ea moriana oa mali. JAMA . 2004. 292 (4): 470-484.
DeVita, V. le E. Chua. Histori ea Kankere Chemotherapy. Patlisiso ea kankere . 2008. 68: 8643.
Hu, M., Huang, P., Wang, Y., Su, Y., Zhou, L., Zhu, X., le D. Yan. K'homphieutheng ea Synergistic Chemotherapy ea Camptothecin le Floxuridine ho ea ka Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic-Drug Conjugate. Bioconjugate Chemistry . 2015. 26 (12): 2497-506.
Zimmermann, G. et al. Mefuta e mengata ea litlhaselo: ha kaofela e kholo ho feta palo ea likarolo. Ho Fumanoa Lithethefatsi Kajeno . 2007. 12 (1-2): 34-42.