Ho Sebetsana le Tšebeliso ea Sesole sa Mali se Lefubelu Ho tsoa Chemotherapy
Neutropenia (palo e tlaase ea neutrophils maling), ke e amanang le phello ea lehlakoreng la chemotherapy kaha lisele tsena li re sireletsa ho se hlahisoeng ke mafu.
Neutropenia ke Eng?
Neutropenia e hlalosoa e le ho fokotsa lebelo la mali la mofuta oa sele e tšoeu ea mali e tsebahalang e le neutrophils . Mokhoa ona oa lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali o re sireletsa ho se hlaoeng ke mafu a baktheria.
Lisosa
Chemotherapy e hlasela ka potlako lisele, ho akarelletsa le lisele tsa masapo a fetohang neutrophils.
Tsejoa
Ngaka ea hau e tla laela palo e feletseng ea mali (CBC) pele le ka morao chemotherapy ho bona hore na sele ea hao ea mali e tšoeu (WBC) . Palo ea lisele tsa hao tse tšoeu tsa mali ka tloaelo li na le lisele tse 4,000 ho isa ho tse 10 000 tse tšoeu tsa mali. Ngaka ea hau e tla ba le thahasello ea palo ea hau ea li-neutrophile (ANC) e batlang e le tlase ho feta palo ea litebelisoa tsa makhooa. ANC e tloaelehileng e na le li-neutrophile tse 2 500 ho ea ho 6 000 ka limilimithara tse likete. Ho na le likhato tse 3 tsa neutropenia:
- ANC ea 1000 ho ea ho 1500 - bonolo (e bolelang kotsi e fokolang ea tšoaetso)
- ANC ea 500 ho isa ho 1000 - e leka-lekaneng (e amanang le kotsi e lekanyelitsoeng ea tšoaetso)
- ANC e ka tlaase ho 500 - e matla (e bontšang kotsi e kholo ea ho ba le tšoaetso)
Matšoao
Matšoao a neutropenia a amahanngoa le tšoaetso e ka hlaoang ha 'mele oa hau o se na li-neutrophils tse lekaneng ho loantša libaktheria.
Tsena li kenyeletsa:
- Feberu e feta liperegrere tse 100,5
- Ho shaking chills
- Metso o bohloko
- Ho tsuba
- Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane
- Ho chesa ka ho tlotsa kapa mali ho morong oa hau
- Bothata ba ho khutlela morao (letšoao la tšoaetso ea liphio)
- Letšollo
- Marotholi
- Bofubelu, ho ruruha, kapa ho phalla haufi le kotsi kapa ho kena ho 'mele joaloka Port kapa IV line
Phekolo
Haeba palo ea hao e tšoeu e ba e tlase haholo, ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore u khaotse ho ea ka tekanyo ea hau e latelang ea chemotherapy. Seo se boletse hore ho lieha ha chemotherapy ho ka fokotsa katleho ea eona, mme oncologist ea hau e ka khothalletsa phekolo. Khetho bakeng sa phekolo e kenyelletsa:
- Likokoana-hloko tse thibelang - Ka linako tse ling lithibela-mafu li sebelisoa pele ho nako ea pele u e-na le matšoao a tšoaetso.
- Meriana - Meriana (lisosa tsa kgolo) e ka sebelisoa ho susumetsa tlhahiso ea li-neutrophils masapong a hao (ka mokhoa o ikemetseng kapa kalafo bakeng sa palo e tlaase ea neutrophile). Tsena li kenyelletsa:
- Filgrastim, G-CSF (Neupogen)
- Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)
- Sargramostim, GM-CSF (Leukine)
Kalafo ea mafu
Matšoao a ka ba a tebileng ha u hloka lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali ho loantša libaktheria. Haeba u e-na le tšoaetso meleng ena, oncologist oa hau o tla khothalletsa batho hore ba khone ho fumana li-antibiotics.
Ho Fokotsa Likotsi Tsa Hao ea Ts'oaetso
Ho phaella holafo leha e le efe eo oncologist ea hau e khothalletsang, ho na le lintho tse 'maloa tseo u ka li etsang ho fokotsa kotsi ea tšoaetso ka nako ena:
- Itloaetse ho itlhatsoa ka matsoho (uena le baratuoa ba hau) - Ena ke ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa eo u ka e etsang ho fokotsa kotsi ea hau
- Sebelisa sesepa sa metsi ho e-na le sesepa sa bar
- Lula hole le batho ba nang le tšoaetso
- Qoba letšoele le leholo, mohlala, libaka tsa mabenkele le libaesekopo tsa lifilimi
- Qoba bana (le batho ba baholo) ba sa tsoa fumana liente ka likokoana-hloko tse phelang, tse kang ente ea poultpox
- Tlohela liente tse ling (mohlala, sefuba se thunngoa kapa pneumonia se thunngoa) ho fihlela u buisana le bona ka oncologist ea hau (Ithute ka liente tsa batho ba nang le kankere - seo u lokelang ho ba le sona, seo u lokelang ho se qoba, le ha o hloka ho tšoenyeha ka liente tse nang le likokoana-hloko ba bang ba na le seo se ka fetisetsoang)
- Qoba mosebetsi leha e le ofe oa meno ho fihlela u bua ka oona ka oncologist ea hau
- Qoba mahe a tala le nama e sa phehoang, tlhapi kapa litlhapi. Sebelisa mekhoa ea ho pheha e sireletsehileng.
- Liphoofolo tsa liphoofolo li ka ba mohloli oa tšoaetso ha palo ea lisele tsa hao tse tšoeu tsa mali e le tlase - E-ba le motho e mong ea fetolang litupa, hloekisa khoele ea nonyana, kapa fetola tanka ea tlhapi. Qoba ho tšoara lihahabi. Ena ke lebaka la nnete la ho khutlela morao le ho lumella ba bang hore ba thuse - ba nke monyetla ka lona.
- Botsa ngaka ea hau pele u sebelisa meriana e kang acetaminophen (Tylenol). Tsena li ka pata feberu
- Basali ba lokela ho qoba lisebelisoa, 'me ho e-na le hoo ba sebelise li-napkins tse hloekileng
- Sebelisa shaver ea motlakase
- Qoba ho khaola lik'hemik'hale. Ho molemo ho qoba menicures le maiketsetso ho fihlela o phethela chemotherapy
- Itloaetse tlhokomelo e ntle ea letlalo. Maemo a letlalo la letlalo a amana le chemotherapy le oncologist ea hau
Nako ea ho bitsa ngaka ea hau
U lokela ho lumella oncologist ea hau ho tseba hore na o na le matšoao afe kapa afe a tšoaetso. E ka 'na eaba o tla u fa tataiso ea nako ea ho founa, empa ka sebele mo tsebise hang-hang haeba u e-na le mocheso o fetang likhato tse 100 tsa F, ho thothomela, kapa matšoao a mang a tšoaetso e tebileng.
> Mehloli:
> Crea, F. le al. Tlhaloso ea Pharmacologic bakeng sa mathoasong a G-GSF prophylaxis ho bakuli ba kankere le karolo ea pharmacogenetics ho ntlafatsa phekolo. Tlhahlobo e Bohlokoa ho Oncology / Hematology . 2008. Dec 24. (Epub pele ea khatiso).
> D'Souza, A. le al. Granulocyte kolone-stimulating factor administration: liketsahalo tse bohloko. Tlhahlobo ea Phekolo ea Meriana . 2008. 22 (4): 280-90.
> Lyman, G. le M. Shayne. Lintho tse susumetsang li-granulocyte li-colony: ho fumana pontšo e nepahetseng. Maikutlo a Hona joale ka Oncology . 2007. 19 (4): 299-307.
> Pascoe, J. le N. Steven. Li-antibiotics bakeng sa ho thibela febrile neutropenia. Maikutlo a Hona joale a Hematology . 2009. 16 (1): 48-52.