Li-neutrophils ke mofuta oa sele e tšoeu ea mali (WBC kapa granulocyte) e re sireletsang ho tšoaetsanoang ke baktheria har'a mesebetsi e meng.
Hoo e ka bang karolo ea 40 lekholong ho isa ho 60 lekholong ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali ke li-neutrophils. Lisele tsena ke lisele tse qalang tsa ho fihla habonolo ha re e-ba le tšoaetso ea baktheria. Tšenyo ea lisele e fella ka ho lokolloa ha "chemokines" e hohelang li-neutrophils sebakeng seo ka mokhoa o bitsoang chemotaxis.
Li-neutrophils li ka tsejoa habonolo ho motho ea shebellang feela e le karolo ea motheo ea pus.
Mosebetsi
Li-neutrophils ke karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea lisele tsa mali tse hlahisoang ke masapo. Ke "ba arabelang pele" ba bapalang karolo ea pele ea tšireletso khahlanong le libōpeho tse tšoaetsanoang tse kenang 'meleng ea rona.
Li-neutrophils li bua le bahlaseli ba tsoang linaheng tse ling ka "ho li ja" ts'ebetso e bitsoang phagocytosis, kapa ka ho li kenya ka seleng ka mokhoa o bitsoang endocytosis. Hang ha litho tsa linaheng tse ling li le ka hare ho neutrophil, e "tšoaroa" ka li-enzyme tse fellang ka ho timetsoa ha lihloliloeng. Li-neutrophils li boetse li thusa ho laola tšebetso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ka kakaretso.
Li-neutrophils li na le nako e khutšoanyane haholo, li phela ka karolelano lihora tse robeli feela, empa 'mele ea rona e hlahisa hoo e ka bang limilione tse likete tse 100 tsa lisele tsena letsatsi ka leng. Ka mor'a ho lokolloa marong, mashome a mabeli a lisele tsena li teng ka thōko ea methapo ea mali 'me halofo e' ngoe e fumanoa liphatsong tsa 'mele.
Anatomy le Moralo
Li-neutrophils li ka bonoa ka mokhoa o hlakileng tlas'a microscope e le lisele tse nang le li-lobe tse peli ho isa ho tse 5 motseng, 'me li na le letlalo la pinki kapa le pherese le limela tse se nang lehlakore. Lentsoe "PMN" kapa polymoroneone leukocyte le bolela ho fumanoa hona.
Li-neutrophils, Lihlopha tsa White Blood, le tsamaiso ea Immune
E ka ba e ferekanyang haeba u utloa ka lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le li-neutrophils.
Haeba li-neutrophils e le mofuta o le mong feela oa sele e tšoeu ea mali, ke hobane'ng ha litsebi tsa oncologists li bua ka mokhoa o fapaneng ka palo e tlaase ea lisele tsa mali le palo e tlaase ea neutrophil e nang le chemotherapy ( neutropenia e bakoang ke chemotherapy )? Karabo e bonolo ke hore tekanyo e tlase ea neutrophils, haholo-holo, e ka ba kotsi ka ho fetisisa ho batho ba ho qetela ho ea tšoaetsong.
Lisele tsohle tsa mali (lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali, lisele tse khubelu tsa mali le liplatelete) li thehoa mokopong oa masapo - lisele tsa spongy bohareng ba masapo a kang letheka. Motsong oa masapo, lisele tsena kaofela li simoloha e le mofuta o le mong oa sele e tsejoang e le seleng ea stem ea hematopoeitic.
Lisele tsena tse hlahang li ntan'o arohana ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea sele ka mokhoa o tsejoang e le hematopoiesis . Kaha lisele tsena kaofela li qala ka sele e tloaelehileng ea stem, mekhoa e senyang masapo - a kang chemotherapy - hangata e ama mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lisele tsa mali. Sena se bitsoa ho tlosoa ha mofu oa bone ho tsoa chemotherapy .
Ho phaella lisele tse khubelu tsa mali le liplatelete, ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali. Lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali li hlahisa mela e mabeli e fapaneng Sekala sa stem se ka hlahisa lehlakoreng le leng la lymphoid , e leng se fellang ka sebopeho se qetellang sa li-lymphocyte tsa T le B kapa myeloid line .
Sele e meleng ea myeloid e ka ba se-neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte, kapa basophil.
Li-neutrophils li qala joaloka myeloblasts, tse hōlileng ka ho hlahisa li-promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, lihlopha, le li-neutrophils tse seng li hōlile.
Palo ea Neutrophil
ANC e tloaelehileng kapa palo e feletseng ea neutrophil hangata e pakeng tsa 2500 le 7500 neutrophils ka microliter.
Methati ea neutrophils e ka tlaase ho 2500 e bitsoa neutropenia, le hoja tekanyo ea ho fokotseha ke ea bohlokoa. ANC e ka tlase ho 1000 e tebile haholo, 'me e ka etsa hore motho e mong a tšoaetsanoe.
Tlaleho ea hau ea mali e ka 'na ea senya li-neutrophils likarolong tse peli: li-neutrophils tse arohaneng kapa tse hōlileng tsebong, le li-neutrophils tse sa tsejoeng tse tsejoang e le lihlopha.
Ha ho e-na le tšoaetso e tebileng, moko oa masapo o tsosoa mofuthu ho lokolla li-neutrophils tse ngata (tse seng li le neutrophils) tse hlahisang palo e phahameng ea lihlopha tlalehong ea hau.
Maemo le Ntho e sa Tloaelehang ea Li-Neutrophils
Ha lingaka li hlahloba palo e feletseng ea mali (CBC) kapa lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali (WBC) se tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ke ho eketseha kapa ho fokotsa palo e lebelloang ea neutrophils. Tlhahlobo ea li-neutrophils ke karolo ea bohlokoa haholo ea tlhahlobo ea laboratori ea mafu.
Mabaka a Neutrophilia
Ho nahana ka mosebetsi oa li-neutrophils ho etsa hore kutloisiso e eketsehe ha palo e le bonolo ho e utloisisa. Mekhoa e ka eketsang palo ea lisele tsena tse tšoeu tsa mali e kenyelletsa:
- Itšoara-tšebetso - Ka neutrophilia e tsitsitseng, ho na le keketseho ea palo ea li-neutrophils ho arabela ho tšoaetso kapa khatello ea kelello. Li-hormone tsa khatello ea kelello 'meleng ea rona li baka e kholo ho feta palo e tloaelehileng ea lisele tsena ho lokolloa marung.
- Ho atleha ho eketsehileng (tlhahiso e ntseng e eketseha lefung la bone) - Neutrophilia e feteletseng e bua ka keketseho ea palo ea li-neutrophils ka lebaka la keketseho ea tlhahiso ea 'ona marong. Sena se atisa ho bonoa ka lik'hemik'hale, tse kang leholo la myelocytic leukemia.
- Tlhekefetso - Li-neutrophils hangata li "phela" li kopantsoe le lesela la methapo ea mali. Li-neutrophils tsena li ka 'na tsa "felloa ke matla"' me tsa potoloha maling ka lebaka la khatello ea maikutlo, tšoaetso, 'me ka linako tse ling li ikoetlisa.
Maemo a ka Sebetsang Neutrophilia
Lisosa tse ling tse tobileng tsa palo ea neutrophil e eketsehileng (neutrophilia) e kenyeletsa:
- Matšoao
- Khatello ea kelello
- Lik'hemik'hale tse amanang le lisele tsa mali tse kang kankere ea mali
- Etsa hore motho a ikutloe a e-na le mathata a kang lefu la ramatiki
- Ho tepella maikutlo le ho chesa
- Ho tsuba
- Boimana
- Thyroiditis
- Eclampsia
Li-neutrophils tse nyenyane ka mali
Boholo ba li-neutrophils maling a rona ke li-neutrophils tse hōlileng tsebong. Li-neutrophils li ka fumanoa ka mali a smear haeba 'mele o hatelloa mme ho na le tlhokahalo e kholo ea li-neutrophils. Ha sena se etsahala, palo e ntseng e eketseha ea li-neutrophils tse sa sebetseng li ka fetisetsa tsela ea tsona mali maling a masapo pele e fihla khōlong. Ngaka ea hau e ka 'na ea bolela hore u na le palo e ntseng e eketseha ea lihlopha - kapa esita le li-neutrophils tse seng kae tse ntseng li hōlile tsebong.
Ka mokhoa o mong, tlhahiso e ntseng e eketseha ea li-neutrophils tse sa tšoaneng li ka 'na tsa e-ba le leukemias tse kang acute promyelocytic leukemia .
Mabaka a Neutropenia
Palo ea hau ea neutrophile e ka fokotseha feela, kapa ho e-na le hoo, e fokotsoe hammoho le mefuta e meng ea lisele tsa mali. Lentsoe pancytopenia le bolela ho fokotseha ha mefuta eohle e meraro ea lisele tsa mali; lisele tse khubelu tsa mali (li-platelets tse bitsoang "anemia" (tse bitsoang thrombocytopenia) le lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali.
Mekhoa e ka etsang hore palo e tlaase ea neutrophile e ka kenyeletsa
- Ho hlahisa mocheso o fokolang kapa o se o le teng - Ka mohlala, ha mokotla oa masapo o lematsoa joaloka chemotherapy, kapa ho haelloa ke vithamine ho hlahisang tlhahiso e sa lekaneng.
- Ho kenngoa ha 'mele oa masapo - Ha' mele oa masapo "o nkoa" ka lisele tse kang lisele tsa kankere.
- Tlhokahalo ea li-neutrophils tse eketsehileng - Ka mohlala, ho loantša tšoaetso kapa ho arabela kotsing. Qalong, ka mafu a mangata a baktheria, palo ea neutrophil e eketseha. Leha ho le joalo, ka ho tšoaetsoa mafu a tebileng, ho ka 'na ha e-ba le palo e tlaase ea neutrophile ha tsamaiso ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e sithabetsoa ke tšoaetso.
- Ho fokotseha ho fokolang ha li-neutrophils - Le hoja tšoaetso e atisa ho hlahisa palo ea neutrophil e eketsehileng, tšoaetso e matla haholo, hammoho le tšoaetso e nang le likokoana-hloko tse ling le li-rickettsial tse ka bakoang ke ho fokotseha ha li-neutrophils le palo e tlaase. Li-neutrophils li ka boela tsa tobana le timetso ea ho itšireletsa mafung ka lebaka la lithibela-mafu tse laolang motho ka boeena maemong a kang lupus.
- Ho timetsoa ha li-neutrophils tse se li hlahisitsoe.
- Cyclic neutropenia.
Maemo a ka Etsang Neutropenia
Ka litsela tse ka holimo, palo e fokotsehileng ea neutrophile e ka ba ka lebaka la:
- Chemotherapy
- Anemia ea mali
- Ho hlaseloa ke mahlaseli
- Myelodysplasia
- Lik'hemik'hale tse amanang le mali tse kenang mofuteng oa masapo joaloka kankere ea mali
- Matšoao a kokoana-hloko
- Matšoao a feteletseng (sepsis)
- Matšoao a Rickettsial
- Feberu ea feberu
- Hypersplenism
- Meriana ea lithethefatsi - mohlala, ho penicillin, ibuprofen, le phenytoin
- Hyperglycemia
- Ho haella ha vitamin B12 (megaloblastic anemia) le ho haella ha folic acid
- Neutropenia ea Kostmann (e leng lefutso le amang bana ba banyenyane)
- Idiosyncratic (ho bolelang hore ha ho motho ea tsebang hantle hore na ke hobane'ng ha palo ea neutrophil e le tlase)
Bohlokoa ba Palo e Ntle ea Neutrophil
Boima ba palo e tlaase ea neutrophil e itšetlehile ka lintlha tse 'maloa, haholo-holo tekanyo ea neutropenia. Mohlomong u tloaelane le lipale tsa "masea" - bana ba tsoetsoeng ba e-na le tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung, empa ho na le likhato tse ngata pakeng tsa bona.
Palo e tlaase ea neutrophil ke e 'ngoe ea litla-morao tse tebileng tsa chemotherapy . Ha lisele tsena li lekane ka palo kapa ts'ebetso kapa bobeli, 'mele ea rona e sitoa ho loantša mafu a mang, esita le ka libaktheria tse sa bakeng mafu a tebileng.
Mehlala: Palo ea Olivia ea neutrophil e ne e le tlaase ka mor'a phekolo ea hae ea chemotherapy, ka hona, oncologist oa hae o ile a khothalletsa hore a qale lithibela-mafu ho thibela tšoaetso.
> Mohloli
> Amuli, B., Cazale, C., Haye, G. le al. Mosebetsi oa Neutrophil: Ho tloha Mekhoeng ea ho Phekola. Tlhahlobo ea Selemo le Selemo ea Immunology . 2012. 30: 459-489.
> Mokhatlo oa Sechaba oa Bophelo. MedLine Plus. Phapang ea mali. E fetotsoe ka la 02/07/18. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003657.htm