Meriana ea litlhapi e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli:
- Lithethefatsi tse potlakileng kapa meriana ea pholoso ea asthma
- Meriana ea mafu a asthma
Meriana ea lefu la phallo e potlakileng e sebetsana le matšoao a matla a asthma, a kang ho pota-pota, sefubeng, sefubelu, ho khohlela le ho khohlela. Kalahlakoreng, meriana ea asthma e laola mekhoa ea ho thibela matšoao ana. Ka kakaretso, meriana eohle ea asthma e kenyelletsoa, le hoja e meng e kena ka foromo ea mokelikeli 'me e fanoa e le ho phalla.
A re ke re hlahlobe likhetho.
Inhaled Steroids
Di-steroid ea ho kenya letsoho ke meriana ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea asthma hobane ke eona e khethollang ka ho fetisisa le e sebetsang bakeng sa taolo ea nako e telele. Li-anti-inflammatory properties tsa bona li ikarabella bakeng sa ntlafatso ea bohlokoa e atisang ho amahanngoa le tšebeliso ea meriana ena ea asthma. Li-steroid tse inhaled li ngotsoe li ka kenyelletsa:
Beta Agonists e khutšoanyane ea ho etsa lintho (SABA)
SABAs ke mofuta oa lihlopha tsa lithethefatsi tseo hangata li sebelisetsoang meriana ea asthma ea liphallelo. Meriana ena ea asthma ke moriana oa khetho bakeng sa khatholoho e matla ea matšoao a asthma 'me e boetse e sebelisetsoa ho thibela asthma e bakoang ke ho ikoetlisa . Hobane meriana ena ea asthma e ka thibela matšoao a hao a ho ba le bobe hore a mpefala, ke habohlokoa ho lula u e-na le uena. Ba bang ba SABA ba kenyelletsa:
- Albuterol
- Proventil
- Ventolin
- Xopenex
- Maxair
Beta e sebetsang nako e telele ea li-Agonists (LABA)
Meriana ena ea asthma e khethoa ha li-steroid tsa hau tse khotsofatsang li sa sebetse ka ho lekaneng ho laola matšoao a hau, ho seng joalo e tsejoa e le therapy ea adjunctive.
Li-LABA ha li sebelisoe e le meriana e le 'ngoe ea asthma bakeng sa phekolo le thibelo ea matšoao' me ha e sebelisetsoe ho tšoara matšoao a maholo a asthma kapa ho fokotsa matla a senyang . LABAs li kenyelletsa:
- Qetella
- Foradil
- Perforomist
- Serevent
Liphetoho tsa Leukotriene
Meriana ena ea asthma e nkoa e le phekolo e fapaneng bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le asthma e tsitsitseng 'me e ka sebelisoa e le phekolo ea kalafo e nang le steroids e khotsofatsang.
Ho ba le asthma e bakoang ke ho ikoetlisa e ka laoloa le bona. Liphetoho tse ling tsa leukotriene tse teng hona joale li kenyelletsa:
- E nepahetse
- Singulair
- Zyflo
Oral Steroids
Li-steroids tsa moriana li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho phekola ho matlafala ha asthma e lekaneng le e matla ho thusa ho ntlafatsa matšoao le ho thibela likarabo tsa morao-rao tsa tšoaetso ea tšoaetso. Li-steroid tsa molomo li sebelisoa feela e le meriana ea taolo ka mor'a hore meriana e meng e mengata e hlōlehe.
Anticholinergics
Anticholinergics e sebetsa joaloka bronchodilator mme e atisa ho sebelisoa hammoho le SABAs kalafo e matla ea matšoao a asthma ka kamoreng ea tšohanyetso kapa sepetlele. Mohlala oa anticholinergic ke Atrovent.
Cromolyn Sodium & Nedocromil
Cromolyn le nedocromil li nkoa e le mekhoa e meng ea phekolo bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le asthma e tsitsitseng. Ka bobeli li thusa ho thibela ho ruruha matšoafong. Lithethefatsi tsena ha li sebelisetsoe ho phekola matšoao a bohloko a asthma. Lisebelisoa li kenyelletsa Intal le Tilade.
Motsoako oa Phere ea Meriana
Lik'hamphani tse 'maloa tsa meriana li kopantsitse lihlahisoa, tse nang le mefuta e fetang e le' ngoe ea meriana ea asthma ka e 'ngoe ea inhaler. Hangata, sena se kenyelletsa steroid e sa kenyelletsoeng hammoho le LABA. LABA e eketsa moea oa mapafo a hao 'me steroid e tsitsitseng e fokotseha ebile e thibela ho ruruha ha sefofane.
Bakuli ba fumana meriana ena ea asthma e le bonolo ebile hangata ba ikutloa eka ba na le taolo e molemo. Mehlala e kenyeletsa:
Li-immunomodulators
Li-immunomodulators ke sehlopha sa lithethefatsi tse ka fanang ka taolo ea nako e telele ea asthma kapa li nkoa li le steroid. Lithethefatsi tsena li fetola karabelo ea 'mele ea hau ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung. Ka kakaretso, mekhoa ena ea phekolo e fokotsa likarabo tsa hau tsa IgE ho batho ba susumetsang maikutlo a asthma. E le eona feela ea fumanehang immunomodulator ke Xolair .
Methylxanthine
Sena se sebetsa e le bronchodilator e bonolo 'me e nkoa e le phekolo e' ngoe e ka sebelisoang ka li-steroid tse khotsofatsang.
Lisebelisoa:
National Heart, Lung le Blood Institute. Tlaleho ea Panel ea litsebi 3 (EPR3): Litaelo tsa Tlhahlobo le Tsamaiso ea Pherefatsi