Mabapi le Lefu le Tloaelehileng ka ho Fetisisa la Mafu
Down syndrome ke lefu la liphatsa tsa lefutso le bakoang ke bokooa ba chromosome 21 e hlahang ka lebaka la ho arohana ha sele e sa tloaelehang. Boloetse bona bo baka mathata a kelello le nts'etsopele a fapaneng haholo. E ka boela ea baka mathata a maholo a bophelo bo botle joaloka bokooa ba pelo.
Ho na le batho ba ka bang 400 000 ba Amerika ba nang le Down syndrome. Ho ea ka National Down Syndrome Society, 1 ho bana ba 691 ba United States o tsoaloa ke Down syndrome.
Ke bana ba ka bang 6 000 ba tsoetsoeng ba nang le Down syndrome selemo se seng le se seng. Lintlha tsena tse potlakileng li tla u fa kutloisiso e molemo ea Down syndrome, e leng eona e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa chromosomal disorder.
Lisosa
Lisele tsa batho li na le lihlopha tse 23 tsa li-chromosome. Matšoao a tlaase a hlaha ha chromosome e hlahisa liphatsa tsa lefutso tse eketsehileng. Ho na le mefuta e meraro e sa tšoaneng ea mafu a Down syndrome:
- Trisomy 21 . Ena ke e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ea chromosomal e bonngoeng bana. E etsahala ha ngoana a e-na le likopi tse tharo tsa chromosome 21 lisele tsa hae ho e-na le tse peli. E na le karolo ea 95 lekholong ea linyeoe tsa Down syndrome. Chromosome e eketsehileng e tsoa ho 'mè ea etsang karolo ea 88 lekholong ea nako le ho ntate oa 12 lekholong ea nako.
- Mosaic Down syndrome . Foromo ena e sa tloaelehang ea Down syndrome e na le likarolo tse peli ho ea ho tse 3 lekholong. Tse ling, eseng tsohle, lisele li na le kopi e eketsehileng ea chromosome 21.
- Translocation Down syndrome . Chromosome 21 e khomarela chromosome e 'ngoe, ebang ke pele kapa nakong ea bokhachane. Hoo e ka bang karolo ea 75 lekholong ea li-translocation tse sa tsitsitseng li tsoa ho novo , ho bolelang hore li etsahala ka tšohanyetso. Karolo ea 25 lekholong ea li-translocation e hlile e futsitsoe ho motsoali. Motsoali o tsejoa e le "moetapele o leka-lekaneng," ho bolelang hore ba nchafalitse liphatsa tsa lefutso, eseng boitsebiso bo eketsehileng ba liphatsa tsa lefutso. Mothetsi oa tšebetso ha a bontše matšoao leha e le afe a Down syndrome, empa a khona ho e fetisetsa ho bana.
Mefuta eohle e meraro ea Down syndrome ke liphatsa tsa lefutso, empa ke karolo ea 1 lekholong ea linyeoe tsa Down syndrome e fetisetsoe ho tloha ho motsoali ho ea ho ngoana ka liphatsa tsa lefutso.
Lintho Tse Kotsing
Batsoali ba bang ba kotsing ea ho emola ngoana ea nang le Down syndrome. Nako ke ntho e le 'ngoe. Menyetla ea ho ba le ngoana ea nang le Down syndrome ea eketseha ha mosali a le lilemo li ngata.
Ho mosali ea lilemo li 35, kotsing ke ea 1 ho 385. Ha motho a le lilemo li 40, kotsi ea hae ke ea 1 ho ea ho 106. Ka 45, kotsi ea 1 ho ea ho 30 lekholong ea bana ba nang le Down syndrome ba tsoaloa ke basali tlase ho 35.
Ho phaella moo, mosali ea nang le ngoana a le mong ea nang le Down syndrome o ka ba le ngoana e mong ea nang le Down syndrome. Banna le basali ba boetse ba khona ho fetisetsa boloetse bona ho bana ka ho fetisetsa likoloi haeba e le bajari ba leka-lekaneng.
Bophelo bo lebeletseng Bophelo
Lilemong tsa morao tjena bophelo ba batho ba nang le Down syndrome bo ntlafetse haholo. Ka 1983 tebello ea bophelo e ne e le 25; kajeno ke 60. Hoo e ka bang karolo ea 25 lekholong ea likhopolo tse nang le trisomy 21 qetellong ea ho senyeheloa ke mpa kapa ho tsoala pele. Karolo ea 85 lekholong ea masea a nang le Down syndrome a phela ho fihlela a le lilemo li 1.
Lisebelisoa:
Setsi sa Tlhokomelo ea Maloetse (6 Senyesemane 2006). "Boemo bo ntlafetseng ba Sechaba sa Boahi ba 18 bo khethiloeng ke Mathata a Maholo a Tsoalo, United States, 1999-2001." Mathata le ho shoa ha Beke le beke Tlaleho ea 54 (51 & 52): 1301-1305.
Huether, CA (1998). Litekanyetso tsa lilemo tsa bokhachane tse nang le kotsi ea kotsi bakeng sa Down syndrome pakeng tsa ho tsoaloa ha batho ba makhooa le merabe e meng e tsoang Ohio le metropolitan Atlanta, 1970-1989. J Med Genet 35 (6): 482-490.
Mayo Clinic Staff. Down syndrome. (nd). E tsositsoe ka la 26 March, 2016, ho tloha ho http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/down-syndrome/basics/definition/con-20020948
Gunderson ea lahlehileng, Karen. Bana ba nang le Down Syndrome: Tataiso ea Batsoali ba Ncha ea House ea Woodbine. 1995
Sefuba ke Eng? (nd). E tsositsoe ka la 26 March, 2016, ho tloha ho http://www.ndss.org/Down-Syndrome/What-Is-Down-Syndrome/