The Anatomy of Neck le Back Back
Matšoao a mangata a romellang tlhahisoleseding ho tsoa le bokong a fetisa boitsebiso boo ka mokokotlo oa lesapo la mokokotlo, o koahetsoeng ka lesapo le sireletsang la vertebrae , pakeng tsa li-open (foramina) tse lumellang hore methapo ea methapo e tsamaee. Metsing eo e tsoela pele ho theha tsamaiso ea methapo ea methapo.
Ka linako tse ling metsoako ena ea methapo e ka hatelloa ke ho eketseha ha bonyane ho tloha ho vertebrae, kapa ho theoha ha vertebra e 'ngoe holim'a e' ngoe e fokotsa monyetla oa ho qala (methapo) eo methapo ea eona e mathang ka eona.
Ha sena se etsahala, motso oa methapo o lemetse ho seo ho thoeng ke radiculopathy . Matšoao a sephetho a fapana, ho itšetlehile ka sebaka sa methapo ea methapo.
Anatomy ea Spinal Column
Le hoja ho na le phapang pakeng tsa batho, ka kakaretso, kaofela ha rona re na le li-vertebrae tse supileng melala ea rona, e bitsoang vertebrae ea kervical. Ka tlase mona ke li-vertebrae tse nang le thora (tse khomaretsoeng ka likhopo), ebe joale li-vertebrae tse hlano tsa lumbar. Setsi sa ho qetela sa lumbar se kopantsoe le sacrum, lesapo le leholo le thusang ho etsa selikalikoe sa pelvic.
Hangata li-vertebrae li khutsuoa ho ea ka palo le lengolo, ho tloha holimo ho mokokotlo ho ea tlaase. Ka mohlala, C5 e bolela vertebra ea bobeli ea mokokotlo ho tloha ka holim'a mokokotlo. T8 e bolela vertebra ea thoriso ea 8 ho tloha ho C7 (vertebra ea ho qetela ea mokokotlo).
Ka kakaretso metsoako ea methapo ea meriana e bitsoa ka bone holimo ho bona. Ka mohlala, methapo ea methapo e tsoang pakeng tsa 4 le 5 ea lumbar vertebrae e ne e tla bitsoa L4.
Leha ho le joalo, meriana ea mokokotlo e fapane, le hoja ho na le li-vertebrae tse 7 feela tse nang le cervical, ho na le methapo e mabeli ea likhohlopo tsa meriana, eo pele ho eona e leng ka holim'a vertebra ea pele ea malapa. Kahoo molala, methapo e ngotsoe ka mor'a li-vertebrae ka tlase ho tsona. E le ho hlaka, hangata ho molemo ho hlalosa metsoako ea methapo ka ho hlalosa li-vertebrae, mohlala (C7-T1), empa lingaka tse ngata ha li etse sena tshebetsong ea letsatsi le letsatsi.
Mokokotlo oa mokokotlo ka boeena o hlile o theohela ho L1 ho batho ba baholo, moo o qetellang ka mohaho o bitsoang conus medullaris. Metsing e tsoela pele ho phunya ho tloha ntlheng ena, leha ho le joalo, e phaphametse ka sac ea cerebrospinal fluid. Ena pokello ea methapo e bitsoa cauda equina, Selatine bakeng sa "mohatla oa pere," eo moferefere ona o tšoaneng ho tšoana le ho fihlela o tsoa ka foramina pakeng tsa vertebrae ea lumbar.
Matšoao a Radi Telepathy
Motso o mong le o mong oa methapo o tsoang meleng oa mokokotlo o tsamaisa melaetsa e tsoang bokong ho etsa hore mesifa e tsamaee hantle, 'me e fumana melaetsa e tsoang likarolong tse itseng tsa letlalo. Ka lebaka la taba ena, hoa khoneha ho lemoha hore na ho na le radiculopathy e etsahalang hokae, ho latela matšoao ao a nang le 'ona. Ho feta moo, hangata radiculopathies e bohloko, athe mathata a mangata a mangata ha a joalo.
Li-radiculopathia tse ngata li bakiloe ke liphetoho tse poteletseng tse hahiloeng marapong a mokokotlo. Li-vertebrae tse nang le thothollo li thibeloa ho fetoha haholo kaha li khomaretsoe ke li-ribcage. Ka lebaka lena, radiolopathies e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa e hlaha ka mokokoting oa lipalesa le li-lumbar spine.
Radiculopathies ea Cervical
Metsing e tlohang molamu oa mokokotlo molaleng o tsoa ho vertebral foramina ho theha mohlala oa intermixing o bitsoang brachial plexus.
Ho tsoa moo, methapo ea pelo e tsoela pele ho hloekisa letlalo le mesifa ea letsoho. Bakeng sa merero e sebetsang, metso ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea methapo ka letsohong ke C5, C6, le C7. Ke habohlokoa ho tseba hore hoo e ka bang karolo ea 20 lekholong ea radiculopathies ea mokokotlo e kenyelletsa maemo a mabeli kapa a mangata.
C5: The deltoid (mesifa ea mahetla e phahamisang letsoho ho tloha 'meleng) ha e lokeloe ke methapo e tsoang ho C5. Ho phaella bofokoling ba mahetla, radiculopathy ena e ka lebisa ho fokotseha mahetleng le ka holimo.
C6: radiosispathy ea C6 e ka lebisa ho fokolang ka li-biceps le li-extensors tsa letsoho. Ho phaella moo, ho ka 'na ha e-ba le boikutlo bo sa tloaelehang boemong ba index le menoana e bohareng, hammoho le karolo ea forearm.
C7: Hoo e batlang e le halofo (46 lekholong) ea radiculopathia eohle ea mokokotlo e ama motsoako ona oa methapo. Bofokoli bo ka sehloohong bo ka hara mesifa ea mesifa e otlollang letsoho. Hape ho ka 'na ha e-ba le tahlehelo ea kutlo ea letsoho karolong e' ngoe ea letsoho, e kang monoana.
Lumbar Radiculopathies
Matšoao a tsoang ka neural foramina sefing sa lumbar a tsoela pele ho theha plexus ea lumbar, e leng mokhoa o rarahaneng oa anastomosis oa methapo e sa tšoaneng. Ho tloha moo, methapo ena e tsoela pele ho hloekisa letlalo le mesifa ea leoto.
L4: The linoopsoas , e fokotsang letheka, e ka 'na ea fokola, joalo ka li-quadriceps tse atolosa leoto ka lengole. Leoto le karolo ea leoto le ka tlaase le tsona li ka 'na tsa fokotseha.
L5: Ho khona ho phahamisa ntlha ea leoto fatše ho ka fokotseha, 'me holim'a leoto ho ka' na ha senyeha. Motsoako ona oa methapo o ameha karolong ea 40 ho isa ho 45 lekholong ea radiculopathies ea lumbosacral.
S1: Ho khona ho supa leoto ho ea fatše (joalokaha eka o tla emisa ka holimo) ho fokotseha, mme ho ka 'na ha e-ba le ho fokolloa ha menoana le maoto a leoto. Motsoako ona oa methapo o ameha karolong ea 45 ho isa ho 50 lekholong ea radiculopathies ea lumbosacral.
Re sa tsoa hlahloba hore na methapo ea methapo e tsoang ka mokokotlo o tsoa joang. Ha re ntse re buisane ka matšoao a mang, ha re e-s'o qale ho hlahloba lisosa tse fapaneng tse fapaneng tsa lefu la boloetse ba meriana kapa kalafo ea bona. Le hoja bohloko bo boholo ba morao bo ntse bo tsamaea bo le bong, haeba bofokoli bo ntse bo hōla, ke pontšo ea hore ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore ho be le phekolo e matla haholoanyane.
Lisebelisoa:
Tlaleho ea AR, Sander HW, Tlhaloso ea Meriana ea Pheliso Neuropathy: Tlhahlobo ea Anatomic le Tlhahlobo ea Tlhahlobo. Continuum; Buka ea 18, No 1, February 2012
Blumenfeld H, Neuroanatomy ho feta ka Kliniki ea Ketsahalo. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates Publishers 2002