Sehlopha sa mokokotlo se na le masapo a 26 a tsamaeang (masapo a 31 hohle), a bitsoang vertebrae. Masapo a matšoao a kenngoa ka holim'a e mong. The intervertebral disc ke ntho e nyelisang, e teng pakeng tsa masapo a haufi.
Mabone a Vertebral le Morero oa 'ona
Masapo a matšoao a le nyenyane 'me a pota-potile ka pele, e leng sebaka se bitsoang' mele oa 'mele. Karolong e ka morao ke mokotla oa bony o tsoang ho oona o atolosang 'me ho thehoa likotopo. E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea mehaho e na le morero o le mong kapa ho feta. Ke:
- Ho tsitsisa mokokotlo e le mohala ( setho se kopane) .
- Ho fana ka sebaka bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse kopanetsoeng le mesifa ea morao ho kopanya (lisebelisoa tsa spinous le tsa transverse).
- Ho fana ka kotopo ea mohala oa mokokotlo ho feta (vertebral arch, neural arch kapa vertebral foramen).
- Ho fana ka sebaka moo methapo e tsoang meleng oa mokokotlo le lekala ho ea libakeng tsohle tsa 'mele (intervertebral foramen).
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Sebopeho sa Discvertebral DiscDisk-intervertebral disk ke mokotlana o monyenyane o lutseng pakeng tsa lihlopha tse peli tsa vertebrae. Sebopeho sa mokokotlo se lumella hore se tsamaee ka litsela tse ngata: Ho phunya (ho khumama,) ho atolosa (arching), ho sotha le ho potoloha (ho sotha.)
E le ho hlahisa mekhahlelo ena, matla a matla a sebetsa le ho susumetsa mohala. The disc intervertebral e fana ka tšusumetso nakong ea ho tsamaea, ho sireletsa li-vertebrae le mokokotlo mokokotsing le / kapa ts'oaetso.
Disc e etsa joang?
Ka ntle ka likhoele tse matla li kopantsoe hammoho ho theha sebaka se bitsoang annulus fibrosis. The annulus fibrosis e na le 'me e sireletsa ntho e mongobo, e mengata haholo bohareng bo bitsoang nucleus pulposus. Nucleus pulposis e ikarabella bakeng sa ho tenyetseha le ho fana nakong ea mokokotlo oa mokokotlo. Ka tsela ena, disk e sebetsa e le ntho e tšosang.
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Mechanics ea Intervertebral DiskNucleus pulposus e ka talingoa e le sebapali se bonolo, se nang le li-squishy se bohareng ba disc. Ho ea ka IA Kapandji bukeng ea hae, Physiology of the Joints , disk e na le bokhoni ba ho phallela hohle.
Ketso ena e potolohileng e fetola ho potoloha le ho potoloha ha vertebra ka holimo le ka tlase, e leng eona e lumellang le ho senya liphello tsa ho tsamaea mokokotlong. Ho phalla ha li-disk ho etsahala ho latela tataiso eo mokokotlo o tsamaeang ka eona.
Nucleus pulposus e entsoe boholo ba metsi. Metsi a ka kena le ho tsoa ka li-pores tse nyane, tse kang litsela tse pakeng tsa lesapo la vertebra e haufi le disc. Likhetho tse laolang mokokotlo, (haholo-holo, ho lutse le ho ema) li senya metsi ka discense. Ho robala mokokotlong oa hao (o bitsoang supine boemo) ho nolofalletsa metsi a khutlelang ka har'a diski.
Ha u tsofetse, li-discs li atisa ho lahleheloa ke metsi tse ka lebisang ho senyeha ha disc. Ho fapana le mesifa le likarolo tsa 'mele ea rona, disc ea intervertebral ha e na mali. Sena se bolela hore bakeng sa disc bakeng sa ho fumana phepo e hlokahalang (le bakeng sa litšila tse lokelang ho nkoa), e tlameha ho itšetleha ka ho phalla ha metsi, hammoho le mekhoa e meng ea mechine, ho lula o phetse hantle.
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Tlhokomelo le Ho fepa Tlhaloso ea IntervertebralLitlhahiso tse ling tsa ho hlokomela li-disversionbral tsa hau li kenyelletsa:
- Ho ntlafatsa boemo ba hau bo ka kenyelletsang ho ikoetlisa le ho fetola maemo hangata ha u le mosebetsing.
- Ho sebelisa mechine e ntle ea 'mele ha u phahamisa lintho tse boima.
- Ho robala holim'a makerese a tiileng, a tšehetsang.
- Ho khaotsa ho tsuba (kapa u se ke ua qala.)
- Ho boloka boima bo boima.
- Ho ja phepo e nepahetseng.
- Ho noa metsi a mangata.
- Ho noa joala feela ka mokhoa o itekanetseng.
Mohloli:
Kapandji, I. The Physiology of the Joints Vol. 3 Trunk le Vertebral Column 2d ed. (Churchill Livingstone), maq. 30-31.