Thuto e Hlalosa 'Nete-Tlhaloso ea Lefatše ea Tlhahlobo ea Tlhahlobo ea HIV e amohelehang
Ha US e ikemiselitse ho eketsa tlhahlobo ea pele le phekolo ea batho ba nang le tšoaetso ea HIV, ho na le sepheo se seholo se behiloe ho khetholla ho nepahala ha liteko tsa HIV maemong a sebele a lefatše-eseng feela ho fokotsa palo ea likhahla tsa tlhahlobo ea HIV tse fosahetseng le tse fosahetseng empa e fosahetse . ho tseba batho hantle nakong ea matšoao a pele (a maholo) a tšoaetsanoang ha kotsi ea tšoaetso e phahame ka ho khetheha.
Bakeng sa ho lekanyetsa sena, bafuputsi ba Univesithing ea California, San Francisco ba ile ba hlahloba liteko tse fetang 21 000 tsa HIV tse fanoeng pakeng tsa lilemo tsa 2003 le 2008 ho baahi ba bangata ba motse ka ho fetisisa. Ka mefuta e mene ea liteko tse sebelisoang nakong ena-ho tsoa litekong tsa pele tsa tlhahlobo ea li-antibody ho li-experimentsana tsa morao-rao tsa lithethefatsi-batho ba 761 ba fumanoe ba e-na le HIV (3.6%), ha ba 58 ba fumanoa nakong ea tšoaetso e matla.
Thuto e boetse e reretsoe ho bapisa ho nepahala ha litekanyetso tse ncha tsa tlhahlobo ea ho hlahloba-ho kopanyelletsa le liteko tsa 4 tsa mefuta-futa ea antigen / antibody- ka ho hlahloba mali ho batho ba 58 bao pele ba neng ba fumanoa ba e-na le tšoaetso e matla.
Ho nepahala ho ne ho lekantsoe ka bobeli (ka karolelano ea liphello tsa liteko tse nepahetseng hantle) le tse khethehileng (karolo ea liphello tsa liteko tse nepahetseng ka mokhoa o nepahetseng).
| Mofuta oa Teko | Mochine | Kutloisiso ho tloha litsing tse 21 234 | E tobileng ho tsoa litsing tse 21 234 | Kutloisiso bakeng sa tšoaetso e matla ho tsoa litekong tse 58 |
| Tlhahlobo ea antibody ea pele (mali) | Virelostika HIV-1 Microelisa | 92,3% | 100% | 0% |
| Teko ea 3 ea tlhahlobo ea antibody (mali) | Mekhoa ea mafu a HIV-1/2 | 96.2% | 100% | 34.5% |
| Tlhahlobo ea bo-antibody e potlakileng ea bobeli (mali) | OraQuick Advance | 91.9% | 100% | 5.2% |
| Tlhahlobo ea bo-anti-antibody e potlakileng (mohala) | OraQuick Advance | 86.6% | 99,9% | - |
| Tlhahlobo ea bo-antibody e potlakileng ea bobeli (mali) | Uni-Gold Recombigen | - | - | 25,9% |
| Tlhahlobo ea bo-antibody e potlakileng ea bobeli (mali) | Multispot HIV 1/2 | - | - | 19,0% |
| Tlhahlobo ea bo-antibody e potlakileng ea bobeli (mali) | Setšoantšo sa Clearview Stat | - | - | 5.2% |
| Tlhahlobo ea 4 e hlahang ka potlako ea antigen / test antibody, (mali) | Etsa qeto ea HIV 1/2 Ag / Ab Combo | - | - | 54.4% |
| Tlhahlobo ea 4 ea li-anti-antigen / antibody (lab) | ARCHITECT HIV Ag / Ab Combo | - | - | 87,3% |
Lintho Tsohle li re Bolella Eng?
Ntlha ea pele, ho tloha boemong bo hlakileng, lipalo li tiisitse hore ketsahalo ea boipheliso ba bohata e sala e le tlaase haholo, esita le liteko tsa moloko oa pele.
Ka konteraka, tekanyo ea litakatso tse fosahetseng e fapane haholo, le teko ea OraQuick Advance e potlakileng ea saliva e etsa bobe ka ho fetisisa, e nang le bakuli ba ka holimo ho a le mong feela ba fumanang phello e fosahetseng ea bohata.
Palo ena e mpe haholo ha e ntse e hlahloba mali ho tsoa maloetse a maholo a sebapali. Har'a lisele tse 58 tse lekiloe, liteko tsa mokoloko oa bobeli li fihletsoe ke kutloisiso ea 5.2% ho ea ho 25,9%, ho bolelang hore bongata ba tšoaetso e joalo e tla hloloheloa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsena tse potlakileng, tse nang le mefuta-futa.
Esita le moloko oa bone Hlahloba tlhahlobo ea antigen / anti-antibody e potlakileng e ile ea khona ho khetholla halofo feela ea tšoaetso e matla, ho sa tsotellehe ho hakanngoa ho utloahalang ho 96.6% le ho khetheha ho 100%. Ho ea ka bafuputsi ba UCSF, Determine e ile ea sebetsa ka ho fetisisa nakong ea tšoaetso e matla ha meriana ea bongaka ba mokuli e ne e le likopi tse fetang 500 000 / mL.
Ha ho makatse hore ebe li- ARCHITECT li-anti-antibody / antibody t e st tse sebetsang ka ho fetisisa li etsa tse molemo ka ho fetisisa tsa litekanyetso. Ka tekanyo e lekanyelitsoeng ea pakeng tsa 99,1% le sekhetho sa 100%, liteko li ile tsa khona ho khetholla hoo e batlang e le karolo ea 90 lekholong ea tšoaetso e matla.
Sena se Bolela'ng ho 'na?
Mabapi le khetho le ts'ebetso ea liteko, liqeto tse latelang li ka huloa ka mokhoa o utloahalang:
- Lits'ebetso tsa khoebo, ho feta-khahlanong le HIV li etsa bonyane hantle ka kakaretso, eseng feela ka ho lemoha tšoaetso e matla empa e khutlisetsa lebelo la bohata la 7% .
- Ho kopana le HIV liteko tsa antigen / antibody ke tse nepahetseng ho feta tseo litloaelo tsa mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa khahlanong le likokoana-hloko, haholo-holo nakong ea boemo bo boima ba tšoaetso.
- Liteko tse thehiloeng ke Lab li sa ntse li fapane le liteko tsa HIV, haholo-holo maemong a tšohanyetso ea HIV.
Ha ho buuoa joalo, maemo a phahameng a ho utloisisa ke karolo feela ea lebaka leo ka lona liteko tse ling li khethiloeng ho feta ba bang.
Ka mohlala, palo e kholo ea batho e hlōleha ho khutlela liphellong tsa HIV kamora 'tlhahlobo. Ka lebaka leo, bokhoni ba ho khutlisetsa liteko ka mor'a metsotso e 20 ho isa ho 30 ho etsa tlhahlobo e potlakileng, haholo-holo haeba e lumella litleliniki ho amahanya motho hang-hang hore a hlokomele.
Ka tsela e ts'oanang, batho ba nang le mathata a boikemelo kapa tšabo ka HIV, ba ka 'na ba ntlafatsoa ka ho nka teko e potlakileng ea lehae ( tšoantšetso ).
Ha ho ntse ho e-na le boitsebiso bo fokolang ba ho hlahloba palo ea sebele ea batho ba amanang le tlhokomelo ka morao ho fumana liphello tse nepahetseng, ka matlong, ho nahanoa hore liteko tse joalo li fana ka ntlha ea ho kena ho ba bangata ba ka 'nang ba qoba litsi tsa tlhahlobo kapa lisebelisoa tsa kliniki.
Mohloli:
Pilcher, D .; Louie, B; Facente, S .; et al. "Ts'ebetso ea Rapid Point-of-Care le Tlhahlobo ea Lipatlisiso bakeng sa Tlhahlobo e Ntle le e thehiloeng HIV ka San Francisco." PLOS | E 'ngoe. La 12 December, 2013; DOI: 10.1371 / koranta.pone.0080629.
US Administration of Drug and Drug Administration (FDA). "Ntlo ea Pele ea Haufi-Sebelisa HIV Kit e Amoheletsoeng ho Itlhahloba." Tlhahisoleseling ea Bophelo bo botle ba FDA. Silver Spring, Maryland; July 2012; Tokomane: UCM311690.