Li-lymphocyte li bohlokoa bophelong le mafu, 'me sehlooho sena se tla qala ho hlahloba kamoo. Empa pele, ke lethathamo la lintlha tse 10 tse lokelang ho tseba-lymphocyte, ho u qalisa.
Lintho Tse 10 Tse Fetisisang Tseo U ka Tsebang ka Lymphocyte
- Lymphocyte ke mofuta oa sele e tšoeu ea mali (WBC).
- Lymphocyte ke lisele tsa tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung le ho thusa ho loantša tšoaetso.
- Li-lymphocyte li lula lithong tsa lymph, empa hape li phalla mali le hohle 'meleng.
- Li-lymphocyte li kena mefuteng e 'meli e meholo: B-lisele le T-lisele.
- Lymphocyte e sa tloaelehang maling e ka 'na ea e-ba ea nakoana kapa ea nako e telele.
- Li-lymphocyte tse ngata haholo maling li bitsoa lymphocytosis.
- Li-lymphocyte tse seng kae tse maling li bitsoa lymphopenia.
- Li-lymphocyte li ka fetoloa ka mokhoa o feteletseng hore e be lefu le sa foleng la lymphocytic leukemia , lefu la acute lymphoblastic leukemia , le mefuta e itseng ea lymphoma .
- Li-lymphocyte li simoloha ho tswa ho metsoako ea masapo mongoaneng oa masapo.
- L-lymphocyte ea T e hōlile, kapa e hōla, ho thymus, e leng setho sebakeng sa molaleng.
Moo 'Meleng li-Lymphocyte li fumanoa?
Motho e mong le e mong o na le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali (RBCs) le lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali (WBCs) ha li ntse li tsamaisoa. Ba bofubelu ba fana ka mali 'mala oa bona' me ba atisa ho fumana tlhokomelo e ngata nakong ea lithuto tsa saense tsa kenyelletso. Ha RBC, kapa erythrocyte, e e-ea ho metsoako e hlokahalang ea oksijene 'meleng, e fana ka oksijene ea eona le ho nka carbon dioxide, ebe o khutlela pelong le matšoafong bakeng sa phetisano ea khase le ho fumana oksijene e eketsehileng.
Nakong ea maeto a eona, RBC e khona ho kopana le li-WBC tse fapa-fapaneng tseleng, 'me lymphocyte ke e' ngoe ea tsona.
Li-lymphocyte tse nang le Blood Stream
Li-RBC ke mohloli o ka sehloohong oa 'sephethephethe tseleng e khōlō', ka mantsoe a mang, li-RBC li tšoana le likoloi tsa hau, li-SUV, pickups le minivans leha e le efe leetong la tsela.
Leha ho le joalo, leetong leha e le lefe la litsela, u boetse u na le likoloi tsa batho ba sa tsamaeeng-ka mohlala, li-wheelers tse 18, likoloi tsa kaho, U-Haul e le 'ngoe, kapa mohlomong mohoebi oa naha kapa tse peli.
Likoloi tsena le likoloi tseo e seng tsa bapalami li tšoana le li-WBC tsa hau tse potlakileng: Ha e le hantle ha li etse boholo ba sephethephethe, empa ha u hlole u makatsoa ke ho bona e le 'ngoe.
Kahoo, li-lymphocytes, mofuta oa WBC, li kena ka mofuta ona oa "mofuta o tloaelehileng empa o sa tloaelehang" mothating oa mali. Hlokomela hore lymphocytes ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e mengata ea li-WBC, le hore li-lymphocyte, tsona, li na le mefuta e sa tšoaneng, joalo ka ha u ka ba le li-troopers tsa naha le mapolesa a moo, bohle ba le tseleng e lekanang. Ka bobeli likoloi tsa mapolesa, empa ho na le phapang ea bohlokoa pakeng tsa bona.
Li-lymphocyte ka ntle ho Mali, ka Lijana tsa Lymph
Haeba o ne o ka tsamaea tseleng e kholo mme ka phoso o kena mocheng setsing sa boemo bo boima, u ka iphumana u le har'a li-wheelers tse 18 'me mohlomong likoloi tse seng kae tsa mapolesa. Ke mofuta oa hore na ho ka ba joang ho kenya lymph system ea 'mele oa hao joaloka sele e khubelu ea mali: ha ua lokela ho ba moo. Lymph system ke tsamaiso ea litsela-lisebelisoa tsa lymph-tseo li-WBC tse kang li-lymphocyte tsa hau e leng li-cell type tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa.
Mechine ena ha e hole hōle le litsela tse kholo le methapo e tletseng li-RBC, empa ke marang-rang a bona a fapaneng. Li-RBC ha li atlehe ho ba litseleng tsena, 'me haeba li joalo, li ka' na tsa bontša kotsi e itseng e sithabetsang kapa tse ling tse sa tloaelehang.
Li-lymphocyte tse Lymph Nodes
Lymph nodes li na le mehaho e nyenyane, e nang le mahe a linotši ao ka nako e 'ngoe e ruruhang-meokho e molaleng oa hau nakong ea tšoaetso e phahameng ea matšoafo, ka mohlala. Lymph nodes e ka 'na ea nkoa e le "ho emisa literaka tsa lymphatic system".' Lithako tsena li emisa 'li lutse ka ntle ho marang-rang a litsela tsa lymph, li lekana hantle, moo li-lymphocytes li ka hlahlobang teng ebe li lula nakoana, li etsa sepakapaka .
Li-RBC li ka 'na tsa ba haufi, kaha esita le ntho e nyane joaloka lymph node e hloka phepelo ea mali, empa ke lisele tsa lymph system, lisele tsa' mele tsa ho itšireletsa mafung, tse kenang hantle le ho lula lymph nodes, le lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali. Tsamaiso ea lymph le tsamaiso ea potoloho li arohane; ke tse ling tsa WBC tse kang li-lymphocyte le macrophages li khonang ho 'tsamaea ka marako' ho ea morao le ho tloha pakeng tsa lymphatic system le tsamaiso ea potoloho. Li-WBC tsena li ka ba tsa tloha ka bobeli mekhoa ea ho potoloha le ea lymph, ho phallela likarolong tse fapa-fapaneng, e le karolo ea mesebetsi ea bona e tloaelehileng kapa kamoo tlhokahalo e ka 'nang ea hlaha kateng.
Li-lymphocyte tse nang le mali, li-lymph, le lihlopha le lihlahisoa
Ho akaretsa, li-lymphocyte ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea WBC e ka fumanoang meleng ea hau le methapo ea mmele, ha e ntse e phatlalatsoa ke' mele. Empa li-lymphocyte li ka boela tsa fumanoa kae kapa kae 'meleng-li-lymph nodes le lymph channel ea lymphatic body system ea hao.
Ho phaella moo, li ka boela tsa fumanoa li qhalakane hohle 'meleng ka spleen, matonsils, mala, le ka lera tsa lifofane, ka mohlala. Mona li-lymphocyte li emela seo ho thoeng ke "lisele tsa lymphoid." Tse ling tsa lisele tse tloaelehileng tsa lymphoid li ka maleng, sebakeng se seng se bitsoang Peyer's Patches. Lymphocytes e hlophisehile haholo libakeng tsena, ka mehaho e bitsoang follicles. Ha li le moo, li-lymphocyte li etsa karolo ea bohlokoa ea tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ka ho hlahloba libaktheria tse phelang ka har'a maru, ho thibela ho hōla ha libaktheria tse mpe maleng.
E 'ngoe ea libaka tse thahasellisang ka ho fetisisa ho fumana li-lymphocyte' meleng ke setho se tsejoang e le spleen . Ka litsela tse ling, spleen e tšoana le lymph node e kholo. Ho fokotsa spleen karolo ea eona tsamaisong ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e ne e tla ba ho hloka toka, joalo ka ha setho sena se etsa lintho tse ngata ka nako e le' ngoe, ho kopanyelletsa ho bokella boholo ba lijo tsa liplatelete tse thusang mali a hao hore a koale, hammoho le ho tlohela li-RBC tsa khale le tse senyehileng ho tloha ho potoloha.
Li-Lymphocytes li Bonoa Joang?
Batho ba bangata setsing sa bophelo ba bophelo ba qala ho shebella lymphocyte ea sebele ka ho hlahloba microscope ho laboraka kae kapa kae. Ha lerotholi la mali le nkoa 'me le kenngoa holim'a slide mme le tšoaroa ka litšila tse nepahetseng, o ka bona li-lymphocyte nako le nako, har'a lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.
- Lymphocyte e kholo ho feta lisele tse khubelu tsa mali (RBCs)
- Li-lymphocyte li fokotseha ka palo, kapa tse fokolang, ho feta li-RBC.
- Lymphocyte ha e kholo joaloka monocyte ea mali, mofuta o mong oa WBC.
- Ho fapana le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, tse se nang mokokotlo oa batho, li-lymphocytes li shebahala eka li na le hoo e batlang e le lejoe-le kang lehe le omisitsoeng le nang le bonyane bo tšoeu le hoo e batlang e le bohle ba yolk. Leha ho le joalo, ka letheba le loketseng, yolk kapa mokokotlo oa lymphocyte hangata e na le pherese e lefifi, ha lehe le lesoeu kapa cytoplasme le phatsima le bobebe.
Li-Lymphocyte li Hlahisoa Hokae?
Joaloka lisele tsohle tsa mali, tse bofubelu le tse tšoeu, li-lymphocyte li qala leetong la bona lefung la masapo. Hang ha motho a tsoaloa, mokopa oa masapo o fetoha fektheri bakeng sa ho hlahisa lisele tse ncha tsa mali. Li-lymphocyte li kena mefuta e 'meli e meholo, lisele tsa T le lisele tsa B. Bobeli ke li-lymphocyte, empa li na le mesebetsi e fapaneng.
L-lymphocyte, e hlaha, e na le pale e ikhethang ha e amana le tšimoloho ea eona-pale e bonahatsang mesebetsi ea bona e rarahaneng e le lisele tse hōlileng. 'T' ka T-cell e hlile e emela thymus , athe 'B' ho B-cell e bua ka mofu oa masapo.
Lisele tsa hao tse tšoeu tsa mali li entsoe motsoong oa masapo, empa feela karoloana e khethehileng ea lisele tsena tse entsoeng mali e fetela ho tloha mongobo ho ea musmus, moo li 'rutang' ho ba l-lymphocyte tsa T. Lisele tse nang le sekoli li fana ka tikoloho e nepahetseng, le lisele tsa lik'hemik'hale le lik'hemik'hale, ho hlahisa li-T-cell hantle. The thymus e etsa bonnete ba hore lisele tsena li hōla ho fihlela li e-na le 'lihlahisoa' tse nepahetseng ka ntle ho sele. Hape ho na le mokhoa oa ho khetha le ho tlohela. Baphonyohi ba arohana ka li-lymphocyte tse khethehileng (CD8 + kapa CD4 +) 'me ba qeta matsatsi a ka bang leshome karolong e' ngoe ea thymus, moo ba ithutang ho bolela phapang lipakeng tsa 'maraka' a 'ona le bahlaseli ba tsoang linaheng tse ling. Ka mor'a ts'ebetso ena e rarahaneng, lisele tsa T li ka tlohela thymus le ho etsa mesebetsi ea bona e fapaneng tsamaisong ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung.
Li-Lymphocyte li Etsa'ng?
Ha e le hantle ho na le phapang e ngata pakeng tsa B-lisele le T-cell, le hoja li le li-lymphocyte tse peli. B-lisele le T-cell li kopantsoe le "libaka" tse fapaneng tsa tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung. Karolo e 'ngoe ea tsamaiso ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung-e leng sebaka se seholo sa B-sele-e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho etsa li-antibodies tse ka tlamang bahlaseli ba tsoang linaheng lisele le ho li felisa. Karolo e 'ngoe ea tsamaiso ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung-e leng sebaka se seholo sa T-sele-e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho lemoha bahlaselli ebe o ba bolaea ka ho toba, ka ho latellana ho khethehileng ho lebisang seleng ea sele-cell. Mekhoa ena e fapaneng kapa libaka tse fapaneng li hlalositsoe ka mantsoe a tobileng. Libetsa tsa ntoa, kapa lehlakoreng le hlahisang likokoana-hloko, li tsejoa e le moitlamo oa boits'oaro ba mongobo . Sebaka sa ntoa sa sesole, kapa se-cell-to-cell, se tsejoa e le ho itšireletsa mafung .
B-lisele ke lisele tse tlang pele kelellong ha li nahana ka li-antibodies, kapa ts'oaetso ea ho itšireletsa ka tsela ea botho, le lisele tsa T li lisele tse tlang ka kelellong ha li nahana ka ho loantša cell-to-cell, cytotoxicity, kapa ho thoeng ke ho thibela tšoaetso ea selefouno . Ha e le hantle, hangata ho na le tšebelisano pakeng tsa B-lisele le T-cell, feela joalokaha ho na le tšebelisano pakeng tsa ba chesang mabitla le matlo.
B-lisele tse hōlileng mofuteng 'me li fallela lymph nodes. B-lisele li fetoha lisele tsa plasma kapa lisele tsa mohopolo ha li-antigen tse tsoang linaheng tse ling li li lumella; boholo ba li-cell li fetoha lisele tsa plasma tse hlahisang batho; ke ba bang feela ba lulang e le lisele tse hopola. Likhopolo B-lisele li thusa ho netefatsa hore haeba sera se tla boela se kopane le nakong e tlang, litopo li lokiselitsoe. Lisele tsa plasma li ka fumanoa lymph nodes le libakeng tse ling 'meleng, moo li sebetsang ho hlahisa li-antibodies tse kholo. Hang ha li-antibodies li lokolloa ka mali le li-lymph, limolek'hule tsena tsa likokoana-hloko li tlama sepheo sa antigen ho qalisa mokhoa oa ho senya kapa ho senya moemeli oa kantle.
L-lisele li hōlile tsebong ea thymus mme li arohana ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng. Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea lisele tsa T, tse kenyeletsang tse latelang:
- Lisele tsa T tsa li-cytotoxic li fumana le ho hlasela ka ho toba basele ba kang libaktheria, livaerase le lisele tsa kankere.
- Lisele tsa mothusi oa T li qeta lisele tse ling tsa 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung' me li hlophisa ho itšireletsa mafung.
- Lisele tsa tsamaiso tsa HIV li nahanoa hore li lokela ho thibela tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e le hore e se ke ea feteletsa (joalo ka ha e etsa mafu a mangata), leha ho le joalo likarolo tse kholo tsa lisele tsa lisele tsena li lula li le liphiri' me li tsoela pele ho phehisana khang haholo.
- Lira tsa tlhaho T (NKT) lisele ha li tšoane le lisele tse bolaeang tsa tlhaho, empa li na le tse tšoanang. Lisele tsa NKT ke lisele tsa T-cytotoxic tse hlokang ho etsoa pele le ho khetholla ho etsa mosebetsi oa tsona. Sesea sa tlhaho (NK) lisele le lisele tsa NKT ke li-lymphocyte tse nang le karolo e tloaelehileng. Bobeli ba ka potlakela ho arabela ka ho ba teng ha lisele tse hlahisang likokoana-hloko 'me ba kenella mecheng ea ho itšireletsa mafung e khahlanong le' mele.
- Lisele tsa Memory T hopola likarolo tse holim'a libaktheria, livaerase kapa lisele tsa kankere tseo ba li boneng pejana.
Li-lymphocyte tse Lymphoma
Hona joale kaha u tloaelane haholo le lymphocyte, mefuta e sa tšoaneng, mesebetsing ea bona e fapa-fapaneng, le libaka tse fapaneng tse fokolang, a re hlahlobeng hore na sena sohle se amana joang le lymphoma.
Lymphoma e etsahala ha lymphocytes e ntse e hōla 'me e ata ka mokhoa o sa laoleheng. Kankere e hlaha ka nako e itseng nakong ea ntshetsopele ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lymphocyte. Kankere ea lymphocyte e ka ea likarolong tse ngata tsa 'mele, ho akarelletsa le lymph nodes, spleen, bone, bone, kapa litho tse ling,' me li ka ba le boima ka bongata sebakeng se le seng, se bitsoa hlahala.
Hobane hangata li-lymphocyte tse nang le bophelo bo botle li ka tsamaea le ho ba libakeng tse fapaneng 'meleng, khopolo ea metastasis (e sebetsang mefuta e mengata ea kankere) ha e sebetse hantle lymphoma. Lisele tsa lymphoma li ka fumanoa ka lymph node 'me mohlomong le sephabeng. U ke ke ua e bitsa metastasis, kaha spleen ke setho seo lymphocyte tse phelang hantle li ka fumanoang ka eona hangata. Kahoo tabeng ea lymphoma, ho na le puo e fapaneng e hlahisitsoeng ho hlalosa hore na ho ata ha maloetse hakae.
Li-lymphomas tse ngata li qala li-lymph nodes, empa li-lymphomas li ka 'na tsa hlaha hoo e ka bang kae kapa kae' meleng. Ha lymphoma e qala ka ntle ho lymph node, e bitsoa " primary extranodal" lefu lena . Ha li-lymphoma li qala ka lekhetlo la pele empa li hōla le ho ata ho kopanyelletsa mekhoa e meng, e bitsoa ho kenella ha extranodal kapa lefu la secranodal. Ho fapana le ho ata ha kankere, e re, kankere ea tšoelesa ea prostate ha e ntse e kena litho tse ling tse kang lesapo, ho ata ha lymphoma likarolong tse ling lefapheng la lymph ha ho bolele hore ho na le bohlokoa bo tšoanang le ba motho.
B-cell Lymphomas le T-cell Lymphomas
Likarolo tse peli tse kholo tsa lymphoma, Hodgkin le bao e seng Hodgkin lymphoma , li amana haholo le histori ea ho sibolloa ha bona ho feta ntho leha e le efe e khethehileng ho lymphocyte. Seo se boletse hore mofuta oa lymphoma oo Thomas Hodgkin a ileng ao fumana o ile oa e-ba lymphoma e neng e hlahisoa ka lisele tsa litho tsa B-lymphocyte tsa lelapa. Le li-lymphomas tseo e seng tsa Hodgkin, u ka ba le B-cell lymphomas kapa T-cell lymphomas. Haeba B-cell lymphoma e se mofuta oa Hodgkin, joale e tsejoa e le B-cell e seng Hodgkin lymphoma, kapa B-NHL. Likaroloana tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa tsa NHL ka bobeli li etsahala ho ba lymphomas tsa li-lymphocyte B. T-cell lymphomas tlaleho ea hoo e ka bang liphesente tse 15 tsa NHL tsohle tsa United States. Feela joalo ka B-cell lymphomas, ho na le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea B-cell lymphomas.
> Mehloli:
> Mekhatlo ea NCCN ea Meriana ea Ts'ebeliso ea Meriana ea Litsela tsa Oncology. Li-lymphomas tsa Non-Hodgkin. Mokhatlo oa Naha oa Kankere e Khethehileng. E fumaneha ho http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/nhl.pdf.
> SEER Matšoao a Kankere Litlhahisoleseding: Ha e-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Mokhatlo oa Kankere oa Sechaba: Leihlo, Leihlo la Epidemiology le Lenaneo la Liphello tsa Qetello. E fumaneha ho http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/nhl.html.
> Stein H, Bob R. Na Hodgkin lymphoma ke e 'ngoe hape B-cell lymphoma? Repram Hematol Malig Rep . 2009 Jul; 4 (3): 125-8.