Ho sheba lihlopha tse sa tšoaneng tsa lithethefatsi tse kang lithibela-mafu, li-NSAID, le Statins
Sehlopha sa lithethefatsi kapa tsa meriana ke sehlopha sa meriana e ka sebetsang ka tsela e ts'oanang, e na le lik'hemik'hale tse tšoanang, kapa e sebelisetsoa ho phekola boemo bo tšoanang ba bophelo bo botle. Ka tlelaseng ea lithethefatsi, mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o batla meriana e khethehileng e ka sebetsanang hantle le boemo ba hau. Lihlopha ke likarolo tse akaretsang 'me meriana e ka hlaha likarolong tse fetang tse le' ngoe tsa lithethefatsi haeba li na le liphello tse sa tšoaneng kapa li sebelisoa ka maemo a fapaneng.
Mona ke mehlala ea lihlopha tse 'maloa tse tloaelehileng tsa lithethefatsi
Likokoana-hloko
Likokoana-hloko ke sehlopha sa meriana e sebelisoang ho phekola mafu a bakoang ke libaktheria. Li-antibiotics tse ling tse atisang ho rejoa hangata ke amoxicillin le Zithromax (azithromycin). Likokoana-hloko li ka fumanoa metsoako ea tlhaho e thibelang kgolo ea baktheria. Li ka boela tsa bōptjoa ka mokhoa o tsoanelang. Ho na le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lithibela-mafu ho kenyeletsa tse latelang:
- Li-beta-lactam, tse kang penicillin, cephalosporins, le carbapenems, tse thibelang lebota leboteng
- Lithethefatsi tse kenellang liprotheine, tse kang macrolides, tetracyclines, linezolid le lincosamide
- Lithethefatsi tse kenellang ho folate synthesis, tse kang trimethoprim le sulfonamide
- Lithethefatsi tse sitisang bakteria nucleic acid, tse kang quinolones le rifampin
Hangata, lithibela-mafu e ka ba bacteriostatic kapa bacteriocidal. Likokoana-hloko tsa bacteriostatic li emisa ho arohana ha sele le ho hōla ha lisele.
Likokoana-hloko tsa bactericidal li bolaea libaktheria ka ho toba. Ka mohlala, rifampin ke lithethefatsi tsa bacteriocidal empa lithibela-mafu tse kenellang liprotheine li ka ba bacteriocidal kapa bacteriostatic.
Ho tepella maikutlo
Ho tepella maikutlo ke sehlopha sa meriana e sebelisoang ho tšoara matšoao a ho tepella maikutlong. Tse ling tse atisang ho laeloa hore li-anti-depressing ke Lexapro (escitalopram) le Zoloft (sertraline).
Li nahanoa hore li sebetsa ka ho fetola kamoo lik'hemik'hale tsa bokong tse bitsoang li-neurotransmitters li laola maikutlo kateng. Li boetse li hlophisoa ke hore na li-neurotransmitter li ama eng le hore na li etsa joalo joang.
- Ho khetha serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): E kenyelletsa Prozac (fluoxetine). Lithethefatsi tsena li thusa ho phahamisa pontšo ea serotonin.
- Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs): E kenyelletsa Effexor (venlafaxine). Lithethefatsi tsena li thusa ho phahamisa letšoao la norepinephrine.
- Tricyclic ho loantšana ha maikutlo (TCAs): E kenyelletsa Elavil (amitriptyline): Lithethefatsi tsena li eketsa pontšo ea serotonin le norepinephrine empa e boetse e ama likarolo tse ling tsa lik'hemik'hale, tse lebisang litlamelong.
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): E kenyelletsa Nardil (phenelzine). Lithethefatsi tsena li boloka 'mele o se ke oa senya li-neurotransmitters.
Lithethefatsi tse khahlanong le ho ruruha ha li-nonsteroidal (NSAIDs)
Lithethefatsi tse seng khahlanong le ho ruruha ke sehlopha sa lithethefatsi tse nang le thepa ea anti-inflammatory, analgesic, le antipyretic (anti-fever). Li-NSAID tsohle li sebetsa ka ho thibela cyclooxygenase ea enzyme 'me hangata li fumaneha ka holimo-le-counter formulations. Mehlala ea li-NSAID li kenyelletsa ibuprofen le aspirin. Le hoja li-NSAID e le karolo e ngata e bolokehileng ho nka, li na le liphello tse bohloko.
Ka mohlala, aspirin hangata e baka ho ferekanya ha moriana 'me e ka boela ea baka mali ho ba bang.
Li-opioids
Li-opioids ke sehlopha sa lithethefatsi tse tsoang ho opium e tloaelehileng. Opium e kotuloa ho tloha Poppy Papaver Somniferum . Ka tloaelo, morphine e sebelisitsoe ka ho fetisisa meriana. Mehlala e meng ea li-opioids e akarelletsa codeine, heroin le hydrocodone. Ho feta moo, ho na le li-opioids ka ho feletseng, tse kenyeletsang meperidine, fentanyl, methadone, le butorphanol. Li-opioids hangata li tsoakane le aspirin kapa acetaminophen bakeng sa phomolo e molemo ea ho ba bohloko (nahana ka Vicodin kapa Norco).
Li-opioids li sebetsa ka ho thibela ho tsoa ha methapo ea mali ho fella ka ho imoloha ha bohloko.
Li-opioids li boetse li etsa hore motho a khutsise kapa a thobe. Ho hlekefetsoa ha opioid le ho itšetleha ka eona ho fetohile bothata bo tloaelehileng, 'me batho ba bangata ba sebelisa hampe liphetolelo tsa seterateng tsa li-opioids tsa meriana le lithethefatsi. Chefo ea opioid e ka bolaea ka ho tepella maikutlong.
Litemoso
Litemana ke sehlopha sa meriana e thibelang ho hlahisa k'holeseterole sebeteng 'me e sebelisetsoa ho tšoara batho ba nang le k'holeseterole e phahameng. Melao e mengata e behiloeng hangata ke Lipitor (atorvastatin) le Zocor (simvastatin).
Lisebelisoa
Albertson TE. Khaolo ea 119. Li-opiate le li-opioids. Ka: Olson KR. eds. Ho chefo le ho feta ha lithethefatsi, 6e . New York, NY: Hill ea McGraw; 2012.
CC Gasbarre, Schmitt SK, KJ Tomecki. Khaolo ea 230. Likokoana-hloko. Ka: Setsebi sa khauta LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, DJ Leffell, Wolff K. Eds. Dermatology ea Fitzpatrick ka Kakaretso ea Meriana, 8e . New York, NY: Hill ea McGraw; 2012.