Tlhaloso e khutšoanyane ea sebopeho le mosebetsi oa leoto
Leoto la motho le rarahaneng ka tsela e makatsang ka mokhoa oa eona le ts'ebetsong ea lona. Tlhaloso ena e khuts'oanyane e fana ka kutloisiso ea mantlha ea maoto a maoto le mahlaseli a maoto ha a amana le likotsi tse ling tse tloaelehileng tsa lipapali, tse kang fractures , ankle sprains le fasciitis ea plantar .
Sebaka sa maoto
Sepheo sa pele se akarelletsa masapo a mahlano a metatarsal, le phalanges (menoana ea matsoho).
Lesapo la pele la metatarsal ke le khuts'oanyane haholo, le leholo haholo 'me le phetha karolo ea bohlokoa nakong ea tlhahiso-pele. E boetse e fana ka tšebeliso ea li-tendon tse 'maloa. Mantsoe a bobeli, a boraro le a bone a metatarsal ke a tsitsitseng ka ho fetisisa ho metatarsals. Li sirelelitsoe hantle ebile li na le li-attachment tse nyenyane feela. Ha ba na matla a ho hula ka matla.
Haufi le hlooho ea metatarsal ea pele, limela tse peli tsa mesamoid (bone e nang le sebōpeho se nang le oval e hlahang ka hare ho tendon, moo tendone e fetang ka botumo bo hlaheletseng) Li tšoaroa sebakeng sa li-tendon le li-ligaments .
Bohareng ba malapa bo kenyeletsa masapo a mabeli ho tse supileng (mesicular, cuboid le tse tharo tsa cuneiforms). Moleng oa distal o na le cuneiforms tse tharo le cuboid. Bohareng ba motsoako o kopana le sebopeho sa li-joints tse hlano tsa tarsometatarsal (TMT). Ho na le manonyeletso a mangata ka hare ho bohareng ba boeena.
Haufi le moo, cuneiforms tsena tse tharo li bua ka bone ea navicular bone.
Mafu a mabeli a maholo, talus, le calcaneus ke tsona tse hlahisang hindfoot. Nonyana ea eona ke bone e khōlō ka ho fetisisa ea tarsal 'me e theha serethe. The talus e ka holim'a eona 'me e etsa pivot ea maqeba.
Tsamaiso ea maoto le maoto
Ho sisinyeha ha menoana ho etsahala manonyeletso .
Lihlopha tsena li khona ho tsamaea ka makhetlo a mabeli: limela tsa ho lema kapa ho robala. Ho phaella moo, manonyeletso a lumella ho tlatlapa le ho nkoa ha menoana.
Leoto ka kakaretso (ho sa kenyelelane le menoana) le na le mekhatlo e 'meli: ho inversion le eversion. Litho tsohle tsa li-hindfoot le li-midfoot li kenya letsoho ho mekhoa ena e rarahaneng e tloaelehileng e kopantsoe le mekhoa e kopanngoeng maotleng.
The Foot Arches
Leoto le na le mesebetsi e 'meli ea bohlokoa: ho jara boima ba' mele le tšelo ea mali. Mesebetsi ena e hloka tekanyo e phahameng ea botsitso. Hape, leoto le lokela ho fetoha le maemo e le hore le ka ikamahanya le maemo a sa tšoaneng. Masapo a mangata le manonyeletso a leoto a fana ka ho feto-fetoha ha tsona, empa masapo ana a mangata a tlameha ho theha sekoti ho tšehetsa boima bo bong le bo bong.
Leoto le na le mabota a mararo. Nako e bolelele ea nako e telele ke ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa le ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa litulong tse tharo. E entsoe ka calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms le metatarsal tse tharo tsa pele. The lateral longitudinal arch ke e tlaase ebile e le flatter ho feta ea bohareng ba lehare. E entsoe ka calcaneus, cuboid, le ea bone le ea bohlano metatarsals . Setha se ka hare se entsoe ka cuneiforms, cuboid, le metheo e mehlano ea metatarsal.
Litšiea tsa leoto li boloka libopeho tsa masapo le li-ligaments.
Hape, mesifa le li-tendon li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho tšehetsa li-arches.
Matšoao a Leoto
Matšoao a leoto a aroloa e le ntho e ka hare kapa e hlahelletseng. Matšoao a tlhaho a ka tlas'a leoto mme a etsa hore ho tsamaisoe menoana. Lifaele tsena li na le li-flexse (li-flexible semela), li-extensors (dorsiflexors), ba nkiloeng le li-adductors tsa menoana. Matšoao a 'maloa a ka hare a boetse a thusa ho tšehetsa lintlheng tsa maoto.
Matšoao a feteletseng a teng ka ntle ho leoto, ka leoto le ka tlaase . Sefuba se matla sa gastrocnemius (namane) se har'a bona. Li na le li-tendon tse telele tse tšelang sefahleho, li kopanya masapo a leoto le ho thusa ho tsamaea.
Leha ho le joalo, talus ha e na li-attachment tse ling.
Mohloli
Palo ea Leoto, Arthritis Foundation.