Ho bolela'ng haeba u e-na le kankere ea mali e matla (APL) le hore na e phekoloa joang?
Kakaretso
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) ke karoloana ea lefu la lekoemia le hlaselang haholo (AML) , kankere ea mali. U ka boela ua utloa e bitsoa M3 AML. Amerika Leboea, APL e etsa likarolo tse ka bang 10 ho tse ling tsa AML. Italy le libakeng tsa Amerika Boroa, APL e ka emela boholo ba linyeoe tse 65%.
E hlaha ka ho lekanang le ho basali le banna, 'me nako ea bochabela ea ho qala ke lilemo tse 40.
Le ha e ntse e tšoana ka litsela tse ngata ho tse ling tse ling, APL e fapane ebile e na le puso e khethehileng ea phekolo. Liphello tsa phekolo bakeng sa APL li ntle haholo, 'me ho nkoa hore ke mofuta o phekolehang ka ho fetisisa oa kankere ea mali. Meriana ea pheko e ka holimo ho 90%.
Genetics le Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)
Boitsebiso bo sa tloaelehang kapa phetoho e atisang ho bonoa DNA ea lisele tsa kankere ea mali ke translocation pakeng tsa li-chromosome 15 le 17. Sena se bolela hore karolo ea chromosome 15 e khaotsa, 'me e fapanyetsanoa le karolo ea chromosome 17. Phetoho ena e lebisa ho ho hlahisa protheine e bakang nts'etsopele ea mali hore e "khomarele" sethaleng sa promyelocytic, ha lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali li sa le monyenyane haholo ebile li sa fokola.
Li-Promyelocytes ke Eng?
Li-Promyelocytes ke lisele tse oelang mocheng oa ho ntlafatsa mofuta ona oa lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali, 'me "masea" a ba myeloblasts kapa a phatloha,' me batho ba baholo ke li-myelocytes tse tsejoang e le neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils le monocytes.
Lisele tsa Promyelocytic leukemia li ka bapisoa le bacha ba lilemong tsa bocha. Ba shebahala joaloka batho ba baholo, empa ba sitoa ho fumana mesebetsi, ba lefa likoloto, ba khanna koloi, kapa ba etsa mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea batho ba hōlileng ka ho feletseng. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, lisele tsa mali tsa promyelocytic li ntse li sa tsoele pele ho etsa mesebetsi ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali tse tšoeu ka 'mele.
Matšoao le Matšoao
Bakuli ba nang le APL ba bontša matšoao a mangata a tšoanang le a mofuta o mong oa mafu a myelogenous leukemia (AML). Bongata ba matšoao a kankere ea mali ke phello ea lisele tsa kankere "ho phalla" mokoallo oa masapo le ho kena-kenana le tlhahiso ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse khubelu, lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le liplatelete. Matšoao le matšoao ana a kenyeletsa
- Ho ba le matla a fokolang, kapa ho ikutloa u khathala ka linako tsohle
- Ho ikutloa eka ha u phefumolohe ha u etsa mesebetsi e tloaelehileng
- Letlalo la letlalo
- Feberu e sa hlalosoang
- Nako ea pholiso e eketsehileng ea nako ea ho khaola le likoto
- Masapo kapa lihlopha tsa Achy
- Bothata "ho loantša" tšoaetso
Ntle le lipontšo tsena tsa bakuli ba AML, APL e boetse e bontša matšoao a mang a matšoao . Hangata ba tla:
- E-ba le mathata a maholo a ho tsoa mali a kang ho lla, nosebleeds, mali a morong kapa mekotla ea 'mele. Banana le basali ba nang le APL ba ka hlokomela nako ea ho ilela khoeli e sa tloaelehang.
- Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho na le hangata ho sa tloaelehang, ho khaola ho feteletseng ha mali.
Matšoao a kankere ea mali a ka ba a sa hlakang haholo, hape a ka 'na a e-ba lipontšo tsa maemo a mang, a se nang kankere. Haeba u amehile ka bophelo bo botle ba hao, kapa bophelo ba motho eo u mo ratang, kamehla ho molemo ho batla keletso ea lingaka.
Phekolo
Phekolo ea acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) e fapane haholo le ea mefuta e meng ea lefu la kankere e matla, kahoo ho e khetholla hantle ke habohlokoa.
Bakuli ba bangata ba APL ba tšoaroa ka nako e le 'ngoe le li-acin-retinic acid (ATRA), mofuta o khethehileng oa vithamine A. ATRA phekolo e ikhetha ka hore e hlile e susumetsa lisele tsa promyelocytic leukemia hore li hōle, joalo ka tsela eo koetliso ea koetliso e susumetsang bacha ka eona ho bapisa le karolo ea batho ba baholo (hantle, bonyane ka linako tse ling). Karolo ena ea phekolo e bitsoa "ho kenya letsoho".
Le hoja ATRA e ka fumana mokuli oa APL hore e fuoe phoso ka ho sutumetsa lisele tsohle tsa leukemia hore li be matla, ha li phekole mohloli oa kankere ea mali. Ka lebaka leo, liphello tsa nako e telele tsa phekolo li ntlafala ha lingaka li eketsa chemotherapy e tloaelehileng.
Sefahleho sena sa phekolo se bitsoa "ho kopanya."
Ka mor'a chemotherapy, batho ba atisa ho tsoelapele ka ATRA bonyane selemo, ka linako tse ling ba kopantsoe le meriana e meng. Karolo ena ea ho qetela ea phekolo e bitsoa "tlhokomelo."
Haeba kankere ea mali e sa arabele ATRA le chemotherapy, kapa haeba e khutla, APL e ka boela ea phekoloa ka arsenic trioxide (ATO).
Ho phatloha
Phekolo ea APL e atleha maemong a mangata.
Ho sebetsana ka katleho le tšehetso
Le hoja lefu la lekoetliso le bohloko la leukemia le na le botumo bo botle, bonyane ha ho buuoa le kankere ea mali, "ho fihla moo" ho ka ba thata le ho noa. Finyella lelapa le metsoalle . U se ke ua tšoenyeha ka ho hloka thuso le ho fumana thuso sethaleng sena bophelong ba hau. U ka 'na ua makatsoa ke hore na ha e u thuse feela, ha ba bang ba thusa, empa hape e ba tlisetsa thabo. Sheba lintlha tsena tsa ho sebetsana le kankere ea mali le lymphoma .
Iphe nako ea ho ithuta ka pholoho. Ha phekolo ea kankere e fela, ho e-na le thabo, batho ba bangata ba ikutloa ba tepeletse maikutlo. Litla-morao tse tsitsitseng tsa phekolo le nako eo ue sebelisitseng ha ho e-na le mokokotlo oa kankere ea kankere ho ka u siea u ipotsa hore na u tla ikutloa u tloaelehile hape. Kopa thuso, 'me u se ke ua amohela "ntho e tloaelehileng e tloaelehileng." Ho na le lintho tse ngata tse ka etsoang ho thusa baphonyohi ba kankere. Hape u se ke ua lebala hore, ka linako tse ling, molemo o ka tsoa le kankere. Liphuputso li re bolella hore kankere e fetola batho ka litsela tse ntle , eseng e mpe feela.
Lisebelisoa
Mokhatlo oa Kankere oa Amerika. Kalafo ea acute promyelocytic (M3) leukemia. E fetotsoe 02/22/16. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/leukemia-acutemyeloidaml/detailedguide/leukemia-acute-myeloid-myelogenous-reating-m3-leukemia
Jurcic, J., Soignet, S., Maslak, P. Tlhahlobo le Phekolo ea Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Litlaleho tsa kajeno tsa Oncology 2007. 9: 337-344.
Lemons, R., Keller, S., Gietzen, D., Dufner, J, Rebentisch, M., Feusner, J., Eilender, D. Liphello tsa Promyelocytic Leukemia Journal ea Pediatric Hematology / Oncology 1995. 17: 198- 210.
Sanz, M. Phekolo ea Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Hematology 2006. 147- 155.
Wiernik, P., Gallagher, R., Tallman, M. "Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia" ho Wiernik, P., Goldman, J., Dutcher, J., Kyle, R., e (eds.) (2003) Likokoana-hloko tsa 'mele Mali-4th. New York: Cambridge University Press.