Ho leka-lekanya Melemo le Likotsi tsa Phekolo
Anticholinergics ke sehlopha se seholo sa lithethefatsi se sebelisetsoang ho phekola maemo a sa tšoaneng a bongaka a amang khatello le ho phomola ha mesifa.
Li akarelletsa meriana e sebelisoang ho phekola kankere ea ho se sebetse, boloetse ba Parkinson , letšollo, ho hlatsa, lefu la asthma, boloetse bo sa foleng ba pulmonary pulmonary (COPD) , likokoana- hloko tsa mesifa, lefu la bowel syndrome e halefisang (IBS) , le maemo a mang a amanang le ho sisinyeha ha mesifa.
Kamoo Lithethefatsi li Sebetsang Kateng
Acetylcholine ke ntho e hlahisoang ke 'mele e sebetsang e le motsoako oa mali. E sebetsa lisele tse nang le methapo ea kutlo ho fana ka melaetsa ea lik'hemik'hale ho bokong. Ka ho etsa joalo, acetylcholine e ka laola likarolo tse itseng tsa likokoana-hloko ka ho li potlakisa kapa ho li fokotsa.
Tsena li kenyeletsa mesifa ea masapo e tsamaeang le ho sisinyeha ha mesifa e fumanoang pelong, ka mpeng, maleng, pampiring ea moriana le matšoafong. Lisele tse amehang mokokotlong oa mesifa ena li na le methapo ea meriana. Ba amohelang acetylcholine ba nkoa e le cholinergic.
Ha o tobane le ho sebetsa ka tsela e sa tloaelehang ea mesifa, ho na le lithethefatsi tse ka thibelang acetylcholine ka ho khomarela li-receiver cholinergic. Ntle le mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa melaetsa ea lik'hemik'hale, li-contractions li ka emisoa 'me matšoao a lokolloa.
Re re sena ke phello ea anticholinergic.
Anticholinergic Side Effects
Ho phaella mefuteng ea mesifa, mefuta e meng ea acetylcholine e laola mohopolo, thuto, le maikutlo.
Kaha lithethefatsi tsa anticholinergic ha li totobetse ho mefuta ea li-receptor tseo li li thibelang, li ka baka litla-morao tse ngata tse amang 'mele le kelello.
Tsena li kenyelletsa:
- Ho omella molomo ka lebaka la ho thibela litšoelesa tsa salivary
- Motsoako ka lebaka la ho fokotsa lihlahisoa tsa k'hamphani
- Ho se na ho ruruha
- Mocheso oa 'mele o eketsehileng
- Lesebelisoa le khanyang ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha morutuoa ho theoha
- Pono e fosahetseng kapa lipono tse peli
- Ho eketseha ha sefahleho sa pelo ho lefella liphetoho tse sebetsang
- Tšebelisano e mpe e bakoang ke ho laola mesifa
- Ho itšehla thajana ha u robala
- Phofo ea mali
- Pherekano
- Mathata a ho hopola
- Ho hloka kutloano
- Ho se khone ho tsepamisa mohopolo
- Tloaelo ea ho tsosoa habonolo
- Hallucinations
- Dementia
Melemo ea phello ea Anticholinergic
Lithethefatsi tse 'maloa li finyella lipakane tsa bona tsa phekolo ka lebaka la phello ea anticholinergic. Ka mohlala, ka ho fokotsa mefuta ea mafu, motho a ka fumana phomolo ho letšollo. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, thibelo ea phefumoloho e amanang le asthma le COPD e ka ntlafatsoa ha li-receptor tse nang le matšoafo a matšoafo li koetsoe.
Li-Antispasmodics ke sehlopha se le seng sa lithethefatsi moo phello ea anticholinergic e nkoang e le molemo. Le hoja litla-morao li tloaelehile, tšebeliso ea nako e khutšoanyane hammoho le tekanyo e tlase hangata e bolela hore matšoao a khona ho khonahala.
Lithethefatsi tsa Antispasmodic tse nang le phello ea li-anticholinergic li akarelletsa:
- Bentyl (dicyclomine)
- Buscopan (hyoscine butylbromide )
- Levsin (hyoscyamine)
- Lomotil (atropine / diphenoxylate)
- Enablex (darifenacin)
- Pamine (methylscopalamine)
- Spiriva (bromide ea tiotropium)
- Symmetrel (amantadine)
- Vesicare (solifenacin)
Mekhoa e sa lebelloang ea Anticholinergic
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho na le lithethefatsi tse nang le phello e sa lebelloang ea anticholinergic.
Li kenyeletsa ho itšireletsa ho itseng le li-antipsychotics tse eketsang kapa ho fokotsa dopamine le li-neurotransmitters tsa serotonin ho fetola maikutlo a motho. Maemong a mang, lithethefatsi li ka thibela acetylcholine mme li lebisa litla-morao tsa anticholinergic.
Ha e le hantle, phephetso ke hore ho imeloa kelellong le li-antipsychotics hangata li laeloa ho feta nako e telele, e leng ho etsang hore tsamaiso ea matšoao e be thata haholoanyane.
Li-anti-depressants le li-antipsychotics tse nang le liphello tsa anticholinergic li kenyelletsa:
- Elavil (amitriptyline)
- Norpramin (deipramine)
- Tofranil (imipramine)
- Pamelor (nortriptyline)
- Paxil (paroxetine)
- Thorazine (chlorpromazine)
- Clozaril (clozapine)
- Zyprexa (olanzapine)
- Mellaril (thioridazine)
Har'a pakeng tsa lintho tsena tse peli tse feteletseng, ho na le linako tseo ho theoang ha methapo e tlaase e ka sebelisoang ho phekola bohloko bo sa foleng le IBS. Tšusumetso e joalo e finyelloa ka lefuba le leng le le leng le tlaase le le leng la lefu la Parkinson.
Ka ho lekanya melemo le boipheliso ba phello ea anticholinergic, lingaka li ka fumana lithethefatsi le litekanyetso tse nepahetseng tseo li ka fanang ka tsona kalafo ntle le moroalo oa litla-morao.
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho
Haeba o na le litla-morao tse ke keng tsa qojoa ka lebaka la liphello tsa anticholinergic tsa lithethefatsi, bua le ngaka ea hau. Ho itšetlehile ka boemo ba hau, ngaka e ka khona ho fokotsa litekanyetso kapa ho fumana sebaka se loketseng.
Leha ho le joalo, ha ua lokela ho khaotsa lithethefatsi leha e le efe pele u bua le ngaka ea hau. Ho etsa joalo ka linako tse ling ho ka baka mathata (haholo-holo ka li-anti-depressing tse itseng) ntle le hore kalafo e fokotsehe.
> Mohloli:
> Fox, C ;; Smith, T .; Ho roala, I. le al. "Phello ea meriana e nang le lisebelisoa tsa anticholinergic bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea ho tseba, ho etsa lintho tse itseng, ho sebetsa le ho shoa: tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng". Botsofali le Botsofali . 2014; 43 (5): 604-15. SEBELE: 10.1093 / botsofali / afu096.