Sesosa sa asthma (kapa IIA ka nako e khutšoanyane) ke mofuta oa phumama ea mosebetsi e bakoang ke ho ipeha kotsing ea khase, fumano, mouoane kapa likaroloana tse nyenyane. Boemo bo joalo bo na le boloetse bo sebetsang ba moea bo fokolang (kapa RADS ka nako e khutšoanyane).
Maloetse ana a khethoa e le phumama ea mosebetsi hobane mosebetsi o mongata oa lintho tse halefisang tse lebisang ho RADS le IIA li etsahala mosebetsing.
Leha ho le joalo, ho pepeseha ha lintho tse hlahisang li-irritants ho ka etsahala malapeng kapa libakeng tsa sechaba, hape; ka hona, RADS le IIA hase kamehla li amanang le mosebetsi.
RADS le IIA li ile tsa qala ho nkoa e le maloetse a fapaneng ka 1985, 'me litaba tse amanang le ho hlahlojoa ha tsona li entse hore ho be le phehisano e itseng. Ho theha kamano e tobileng pakeng tsa ho pepeseha ha motho le matšoao a senyang ha ho bonolo kamehla. Ho phaella moo, ho khetholla RADS le IIA ho tsoa mefuta e meng ea asthma ho ka ba thata.
Phapang pakeng tsa RADS le IIA
Ka kakaretso, li-RADS li fumanoa ha motho (ntle le lefu la asthma le neng le fumanoa pele) a hlahisa matšoao a asthma ka mor'a tšohanyetso ea hangata (hangata e le kotsi) le ea bohlokoa ho motho ea halefisang. Ka mor'a ho pepeseha pele, motho ea nang le RADS o na le matšoao a phefumolohang a hlahang hang-hang (pele ho lihora tse 24).
RADS ho lumeloa hore e bakiloe ke tšusumetso e tobileng ea lithethefatsi lisele tse tsamaeang le sefofane.
Ho halefisa hona joale ho etsa hore ho be le karabo ea ho ruruha e fapaneng le karabelo ea phekolo ea makhetlo-khetlo-e leng tsela ea batho ba nang le asthma.
Phehisano e mabapi le lefu lena la IIA kapa la RADS e tlaase le le leng le le leng le thehiloe mofuteng oa lefu lena. Potso e sala e le hore ho ka ba le tšenyo e tobileng ho lisele tse tsoang ka nako e telele e hlahisoang ke boemo bo tlaase, ntle le karolo e fokolang.
Setsi sa litsebi sa UK se thehiloeng ka 2006, se amohetse poleloana e reng "asthma e khotsofatsang ka ho hlakileng" ho e-na le RADS, 'me ha ba ntse ba hlalosa "lentsoe le tlaase le fokolang la asthma" ho e-na le li-RADS tse fokolang-mona ho se lumellane hore na mokhatlo ona o teng kapa che.
Ho ruruha ka lebaka la Irritation ea Maoto
Ha batho ba pepeseha ka bongata bo bobebe, lisele tse tsamaeang le tsona li senyehile. Tšenyo e tšoana le ho chesa, ho lahleheloa ke lisele tsa holim'a metsi le libaka tse nyenyane tse tsoang mali le ho ruruha ka tlase holimo.
Ha ho bapisoa, mokhoa o fokolang oa phekolo o fapane hobane o ama karabo ea 'mele oa' mele. Lifofane tsa batho ba nang le boloetse bo sa foleng ba matšoafo ka lebaka la RADS li tla jala le ho bontša li-deposit fibrous, 'me mahlaseli a sefofane a senyehile ka katleho.
Tlhahlobo le Phekolo
Ho na le litekanyetso tse tharo tse kholo tsa ho hlokomela RADS le IIA
- Matšoenyeho a sefofaneng a nang le ho hema, ho khohlela, le phefumoloho e khutšoanyane e hlahang ka mor'a hore motho a ikutloe a halefile (joalo ka chlorine, mahlakore a hloekisang kapa mosi). Li-RADS, sena se etsahala kapele ka mor'a hore ho be le ts'oaetso e kholo; ho IIA, sena se etsahala ka mor'a ho ba le likhetho tse nyane, tse ngata.
- Ha ho na histori ea litletlebo tse fetileng tsa astmma.
- Matšoao a phehella ho feta ho pepeseha ha pele.
Ka li-RADS, batho ba bangata ba hlalosa boikutlo bo tukang hang-hang linong le mohoreng nakong ea ho pepeseha, le matšoao a sefofaneng hang-hang kapa ka mor'a lihora tse seng kae.
Ha motho a se a ntse a e-na le boemo bo phahameng ba ho hlaseloa habonolo, 'me ha ho na histori e fetileng ea litletlebo tsa matšoafo, matšoao a bonolo habonolo ka lebaka la ho pepeseha ha bona. Leha ho le joalo, ha motho a se a e-na le lipolelo tse telele kapa tse ngata, ho thata haholo ho paka hore matšoao ana e ne e le sesosa se tobileng sa ho halefisa.
Haeba ngaka e belaella RADS kapa IIA, e tla tsamaisa pale ea 'nete le tlhahlobo ea' mele. Ngaka e ka laela liteko tsa tšebetso ea mapolanka hore e tsebe hore na matšoafo a amme kapa joang.
Hangata, motho ea nang le RADS o tla bontša ntlafatso e fokolang matšoao ka mor'a ho sebelisa meriana e itseng ea asthma (bronchodilators e kang albuterol) ho feta batho ba nang le asthma.
Hang hang ka mor'a ho pepesa, li-steroids tsa molomo li laeloa ho fokotseha ho ruruha tseleng ea sefofane. Li-steroid tse inhaled li ngoloa haeba matšoao a ntse a tsoela pele.
Ke Nako e Ngata Hakae?
Ha ho tsejoe hore na ho inhalation ha litlhaselo hangata ho baka RADS le IIA joang. Liphuputso tsa basebeletsi ba amehang liketsong tse kholo tsa lik'hemik'hale-tse kang chlorine, acetic acid kapa marulelo a khauta a mosetareta-li bontšitse hore 11% ho isa ho 57% ea batho ba neng ba pepesitsoe RADS e tsoetseng pele. Phuputsong e 'ngoe ea bapalami ba mollo ba ileng ba pepeseha litšila ho World Trade Center ka la 11 September, 16% ba fumanoa ba e-na le RADS 1 selemo hamorao. Phuputso e 'ngoe ea basebeletsi bohle ba nang le asthma ea ho sebetsa mesebetsing e mabeli e fumane hore RADS e emela karolo ea 14% ea linyeoe tsohle tse ngotsoeng tsa lefu la mosebetsi.
Mesebetsi e mengata e beha batho kotsing e kholo bakeng sa ho hlaseloa ha maikutlo ho ka etsa hore RADS le IIA li be teng. Li-irritants tse atisang ho boleloa e le ho ameha ho nts'etsong ea mafu ana li kenyeletsa mefuta e fapaneng ea lik'hemik'hale, li-bleaching agent, lihlahisoa tsa ho hloekisa, khase ea chlorine, ho tlosoa ha dielese, formaldehyde, sulfur dioxide, le isocyanate, tseo hangata li sebelisetsoang liplasitiki le li-adhesive.
Mang kapa mang ea sebetsang le lintho tse kotsi o lokela ho elelloa likotsi. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) e fana ka taelo ea hore bahiri ba tlameha ho ba le mehato ea tšireletso sebakeng seo ho kenyelletsang thepa ea ho sireletsa, thuto le litaelo tsa seo ba lokelang ho se etsa haeba ho e-ba le tšohanyetso ea kotsi. Haeba u belaella hore mohiri oa hau ha a lumellane le melao ena, ikopanya le ofisi ea OSHA ea moo.
Ntle le liphello tsa bongaka tse ka sitisang mesebetsi e tloaelehileng, ho ka ba le liphello tsa sechaba le tsa lichelete tsa RADS le IIA hammoho. Lingaka le bafuputsi ba ntse ba tsoela pele ho batla litsela tse tobileng tsa ho hlahloba maemo ana ka lebaka la boemo ba setsebi le molao bo neng bo tla fa bakuli ba amehang ke bona. Bakeng sa batho ba pepesitsoeng le ba lemetseng mosebetsing, ho hlahloba ka ho nepahetseng ke habohlokoa bakeng sa ho fumana matšeliso le melemo.
Litaba tse hlophisitsoeng ke Naveed Saleh, MD, MS, ka 2/11/2016.
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