Mathata a sebetsang ka Platelet ke sehlopha sa maloetse a tsoang mali moo liplatelete li sa sebetseng hantle, tse lebisang ho tsoa mali. Mathata ana a ka futswa (a fetiselitsoe malapeng) kapa a fumanoe (nts'etsitsoeng nakong e tlang).
Ke Matšoao afe a lefu la Platelet Function?
Platelet ke karolo e 'ngoe ea mokhoa oa ho thibela mali, e leng mokhoa o re thusang ho khaotsa ho tsoa mali.
Haeba liplatelete tsa hau li sa sebetse hantle, u na le kotsing e kholo ea mali. Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:
- Ho senyeha ho eketsehileng
- Nosebleeds
- Ho tsoa mali
- Menorrhagia (ho khaotsa ho ea khoeling ho feteletseng)
- Ho tsoa mali nako e telele ka mor'a ho khaola kapa kotsi e 'ngoe
- Ho tsoa mali nako e telele le ho buuoa
Ke'ng e bakang Mathata a Sebaka sa Platelet?
Mathata a sebetsang ka platatelet a ka aroloa ka likarolo tse peli tse kholo: congenital (ho futsitsoe) kapa ho fumanoa. Mathata a mangata ke congenital, ho kenyelletsa:
- Thrombasthenia ea Glanzmann
- Lefu la Bernard-Soulier
- Letšoao le letšo la platelet
- Mathata a amanang le MYH9: May-Hegglin o tšoeroe ke boloetse bo bohloko, Epstein syndrome, lefu la Fechtner le lefu la Sebastian
- Matšoao a Wiskott-Aldrich: Ena ke lefu la tšoaetso ea immunodeficiency le liplatelete tse sa sebetseng. E khetholloa ke li-platelete tse nyane haholo (mathata a mangata a litholoana tsa platelete a na le tloaelehileng ho liplatelete tse khōlō).
- Lefu la Chediak-Higashi
- Lefu la Hermansky-Pudlak
Lisosa tse fumanoang li kenyeletsa:
- Meriana: Meriana e kang aspirin, dipyridamole (Persantine), le clopidgrel (Plavix) li etselitsoe ho fokotsa mosebetsi oa li-platelet. Ibuprofen e boetse e theola katleho ea liplatelete empa e ka tlaase ho aspirin.
- Lefu la sebete
- Uremia (lefu le matla la renal)
- Matšoao a li-myeloproliferative a kang lefuba la bohlokoa
Mathata a Platelet Function a Hlahloba Joang?
A hanyetse mathata a mang a platelet, a atisang ho hlaha ka nomoro ea platelet (e phahame kapa e fokotsehile), mathata a sebetsang sa platelet a ka ba le lintlha tse tloaelehileng tsa platelet.
Mefuta e meng ea mathata a mosebetsing oa platelet e ka ba le thrombocytopenia , kapa palo e tlaase ea platelet. Liplateleteng li lokela ho hlahlojoa ka tlas'a microscope ka mali a phallo ea mali. Mathata a 'maloa a congenital platelet a bakoa ke liplatelete tse kholo ho feta tse tloaelehileng. Tse ling li haelloa ke likarolo tse kholo tsa liplatelete, tse bitsoang granules, tse ka bonoang. Ka linako tse ling liplatelete li tloaelehile ka ponahalo le boholo.
Mosebetsi o setseng o qala ka tsela e tšoanang ho mathata a mang a tsoa mali. Ho hanyetsa hemophilia (bothata ba li-coagulation factors), ho hlahloba liteko tse kang prothrombin nako (PT) le nako ea karolo ea thromboplastin (PTT) e tloaelehileng. Ho lemoha maloetse a ts'ebetso ea platelette ho hloka tlhahlobo ea ho khetheha. Ka tlaase mona ke lenane le khutšoanyane la liteko tse atisang ho sebelisoa.
- Ho pholla ha nako: Tlhahlobo ena ha e nkoe e tobileng ho mathata a sebetsang sa platelet le ka lebaka la mefokolo ea teko ha e nkoe e le teko e nepahetseng ea mokhoa oa ho thiba.
- Platelet function assay: Sena se nkoa ke ba bangata hore e be teko e ntle ea ho hlahloba lipakane tsa platelet. Tlhahlobo ena e ama palo ea platelet mme e ka 'na ea se ke ea nepahala haeba u e-na le lintlha tse tlaase tsa platelete.
- Tlhahlobo ea Platelet aggregation: Tlhahlobo ena e sheba kamoo liplatelete li khomarelang kateng (aggregation) ha li arabela mekhoa e sa tšoaneng. Tlhahlobo ena e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho lekanya katleho ea aspirin kapa clopidogrel (Plavix) ea phekolo.
- Platelet microscopy ea elektronike: Ena ke tsela e ikhethang ea ho sheba liplatelete tse nang le microscope e khethehileng e ka bonang likarolo tse ling tsa platelet.
Litšebeletso ke life?
Kalafo e itšetlehile ka boloetse bo sebetsang ba motho ka mong oa platelet. Matšoao a mang a sekhahla sa platelette ha a hloke thuso kalafo ntle leha u tsoa likotsi kapa u hloka ho buuoa.
- Aspirin le NSAIDs: Qoba aspirin kapa li-non-steroidal khahlanong le ho ruruha (NSAID) joaloka ibuprofen. Meriana ena e fokotsa mosebetsi oa li-platelet tse ka 'nang tsa mpefatsa kotsi ea ho tsoa mali.
- Meriana ea thibelo ea bokhachane ea Hormone: Ho tšoana le lisosa tse ling tsa ho tsoa mali ho matla, ho thibela tšoaetso ea li-hormone ho ka sebelisoa ho boloka mali a ho ilela khoeli ho fihlela bonyane.
- Meriana ea anti-fibrinolytic: Hobane ho ka ba thata hore 'mele o etse mahlakore a tsitsitseng, haholo-holo libakeng tse mongobo tsa mucosa (molomo, nko, joalo-joalo), meriana ea antifibrinolytic e kang Amicar kapa Lysteda e ka sebelisoa ho khaotsa ho tsoa mali. Meriana ena e atisa ho sebelisoa maemong ana bakeng sa nosebleeds, mali a mali, le menorrhagia. Li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ka mor'a ho buoa (haholo-holo, molomo, nko le mohope) ho thibela ho tsoa mali.
- Platelet transfusions: Esita le bothata ba mosebetsi oa platelet le lipalo tse tloaelehileng tsa platelet, tšelo ea platelet e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho tsoa madi kapa haeba ho hlokahala hore u ee opereishene.
- Sepheo sa VIIa (NovoSevenRT) ho phalla: Sehlahiswa sena se ka sebelisoa ho bakuli ba bang ba nang le mathata a sebetsang ka platelete. Sena se sebelisoa haholo ho bakuli ba sitoang ho fumana tšelo ea platelete e le khetho ea phekolo.