Ho nka mehato ea ho thibela tšoaetso ea salmonella ho ka u pholosa le ba lelapa la hau ho ba e mong oa batho ba limilione tse 1.2 ba United States ba sebetsanang le lefu lena selemo se seng le se seng. Ho thibela tšoaetso ke habohlokoa haholo ho ba kotsing ea ho kula haholo, ho kenyelletsa bana ba banyenyane, ba tsofetseng le ba nang le mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa mafung .
Le hoja batho ba bangata ba fumana letšollo le tsamaeang ka matsatsi a seng makae, batho ba ka bang 450 ba shoa selemo le selemo ho tsoa salmonellosis e matla.
Libaktheria tse ikarabellang bakeng sa salmonella li jaloa ke lijo tse silafetseng le ka ho sebetsana le liphoofolo tse e jereng lijaneng tsa bona tse nyenyane. Ha ho na ente ea salmonella mme o ka tšoara boloetse ka makhetlo a mangata, kahoo ke habohlokoa ho qoba ho ikopanya le libaktheria.
Tsamaiso
Salmonellosis ke boloetse bo akarelletsang letšollo, feberu le mahlaba a mpa. Libaktheria li jala lijong tse ling. Batho ba bang ba phela hantle empa ba jara baktheria. Sebelisa lintlha tsena e le hore u se ke ua fa salmonella ho ba bang kapa ua li fumana ho tsona :
- Kamehla hlatsoa matsoho ka botlalo ka mor'a ho sebelisa ntloana, ho fetola diapers, le pele o pheha lijo.
- Motho ea nang le salmonellosis ha aa lokela ho lokisa lijo kapa ho tšela ba bang metsi ho fihlela ba se na matšoao a lihora tse 48.
- Motho ea nang le salmonellosis ha aa lokela ho khutlela mosebetsing , tlhokomelo ea bana, kapa sekolong ho fihlela ba se na matšoao a lihora tse 48.
- U se ke ua sesa haeba u e-na le letšollo lihora tse 24 tse fetileng.
Ho Lokisetsa lijo le ho sebetsana le lijo
Ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho sebetsana le lijo tse reretsoeng ho thibela tšoaetso ea salmonella ho tsoa ho lijo. Mokhoa ona ke oa bohlokoa ha u ntse u ja, u pheha lapeng, u bile u lokisetsa lijo lireschorente.
Hloekisa
- Hlatsoa matsoho pele le ka mor'a ho sebetsana le lijo.
- Hlatsoa libaka tsa mosebetsi oa kichine le lisebelisoa ka sesepa le metsi ka mor'a ho lokisetsa ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lijo.
- Ho molemo ho sebelisa lithaole tsa pampiri tse lahliloeng ho hloekisa libaka tsa kichineng ho feta li-spong kapa lithaole tsa lesela. Haeba u sebelisa lithaole tsa masela, li lokela ho hlatsuoa metsing a chesang ka mochini oa ho hlatsoa ka mor'a hore e sebelisoe.
- Hlatsoa ka ho feletseng pele u ja.
- Peel 'me u lahle makhasi a ka ntle kapa likhama tsa litholoana le meroho.
- Senya meroho e metle, e kang litapole le lihoete, haeba u batla ho ja letlalo.
Arola
- Ha u reka, boloka nama e tala, likhoho le lijo tsa leoatle tse arohaneng le lintho tse ling. Li boloke ka thōko ka sehatsetsing.
- Kamora ho kopana le nama e tala kapa likhoho, hlatsoa matsoho, libaka tsa mosebetsi oa kichine, lijana, lipoleiti, likotlolo, joalo-joalo ka sesepa le metsi hang-hang. Ke habohlokoa haholo hore u se ke ua sebelisa lisebelisoa tse sa hlatsoang le lintho tse ling bakeng sa lijo tse tla sebelisoa li sa phehoa kapa nama ha li phehiloe.
- Ho molemo ho ba le mapolanka a fapaneng a khethiloeng bakeng sa nama e tala le bakeng sa lihlahisoa ha ho hloekisoa ho ke ke ha tlosa libaktheria tsohle.
- U se ke ua sebetsa ka likhoho tse tala kapa nama le ho tšoara lesea (mohlala, fepa, fetola diaper) ka nako e le 'ngoe.
Cook
- Khoho ea khoho, fatše nama ea mahe ka ho feletseng pele u ja. U se ke ua ja kapa ua noa lijo tse nang le mahe a tala kapa lebese le sa lekaneng. Mahe a mafura a ka 'na a se ke a hlokomeloa lijong tse ling tse kang homemade hollandaise, liaparo tsa salate tse entsoeng ka letsoho, tiramisu, ice cream ea maiketsetso, hlama e entsoeng ka mahahapa, hlama ea cookie, eggnog le frostings.
- Haeba u e-na le nama e sa phehoang, likhoho kapa mahe a reschorenteng, u se ke ua qeaqea ho e khutlisetsa kichineng ho ea pheha. Likhoho le nama, ho akarelletsa le hamburger, li lokela ho pheha hantle, eseng pinki bohareng.
Tsoa
- Boloka lihatsetsi tse hloekileng le tse batang (40 F kapa tlase bakeng sa lihatsetsi).
- U koahetse sekoahelo le refrigerate.
- Bala le ho latela litaelo tse kang "Keep Refrigerated" kapa "Sebelisa ka" (letsatsi le itseng).
- Lula litholoana tsa salate tse lokiselitsoeng kapa lihlahisoa tse ling tse hlahisoang ka sehatsetsing ho fihlela pele u sebeletsa. Lahla ho khaola lihlahisoa haeba li tsoa ka sehatsetsing ka lihora tse fetang tse 'nè.
Kakaretso
- Lebese la 'm'ae ke lijo tse bolokehileng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa masea a banyenyane. Ho belisoa ho thibela salmonellosis le mathata a mang a mangata a bophelo bo botle. Hlatsoa matsoho pele u anyesa ngoana oa hao.
- U se ke ua noa metsi a sa alafatsoang a ka silafalitsoeng ke litšila tsa liphoofolo.
Liphoofolo le Puisano ea Pet
Le hoja liphoofolo li ka fetisetsa salmonella ho mang kapa mang, ho na le lihlopha tse kotsing e kholo 'me li lokela ho qoba ho kopana le liphoofolo tse atisang ho jara baktheria. Lihlopha tsena li kenyelletsa masea, bana ba lilemo li 5 le ba banyenyane, batho ba baholo ba fetang lilemo tse 65, le batho ba fokolang sesole sa 'mele (HIV / AIDS, chemotherapy, ba amohelang litho tsa' mele).
Liphoofolo tse kotsi ka ho fetisisa ke lihahabi (likobe, li-iguana, likokoanyana tse ling, linoha), li-amphibians (lihoho, li-salamanders) le likhoho tse phelang (likhoho, matata, likhantsi, li-turkeys).
Liphoofolo tse ling tse ka fetisang salmonella li kenyeletsa linonyana tsa liphoofolo, likhoele (li-hamsters, likolobe tsa likolobe, likhoto, litoeba), lihlopha tsa liphoofolo, liphoofolo tsa polasi, lintja, likatse le lipere. Likokoana-hloko li fumanoa haholo lijong tsa bona, empa boea ba bona, masiba, libethe, lipapali, lijo, li-feeders, koaletsoeng kapa liphahlo li tla boela li be le likokoana-hloko. Liphoofolo tsena li ka phela hantle 'me li ntse li jara libaktheria.
Sebelisa lintlha tsena ho fokotsa kotsi ea hau le ho sireletsa batho ba lihlopha tse kotsing e kholo:
- Hlatsoa matsoho ka sesepa le metsi ka mor'a ho kopana leha e le efe le liphoofolo, litšehetso tsa tsona, kapa masela a bona. Le hoja sena se sebetsa ho liphoofolo leha e le life kapa phoofolo e nyenyane, e ameha ka ho khetheha ka lihahabi, li-amphibia kapa linonyana.
- Batho ba likarolong tse kotsing ba lokela ho qoba ho kopana ka ho toba kapa ka tsela e tobileng le lihahabi, li-amphibiane le likhoho tse phela. Liphoofolo tsena ha lia lokela ho bolokoa e le liphoofolo tse ruuoang malapeng malapeng a nang le litho tsa lihlopha tse kotsing, kapa setsing sa tlhokomelo ea letsatsi, mehaho ea tlhokomelo ea baholo kapa litsi tsa bongaka.
- U se ke ua lumella liphoofolo tse ipehang kotsing libakeng tseo u atisang ho ja kapa ho noa. U se ke ua ja, ua noa kapa ua tsuba ha u potoloha liphoofolo tseo.
- Ho khabisa li-zoo kapa maeto a temo ke tsona tse boloketsoeng bana ba fetang lilemo tse 5, tse nang le tlhokomelo.
- Batho ba baholo ba lihlopha tse ipehang kotsing ha baa lokela ho hloekisa ntho leha e le efe ea liphoofolo kapa litšila tsa liphoofolo ntle le ho apara li-gloves tse lahliloeng. Bana ba lilemo li 5 le tlase ha baa lokela ho fuoa mesebetsi e joalo.
- Ha u hlatsoa liphoofolo kapa liphoofolo tsa hau, leka ho etsa joalo ka ntle. U se ke ua lahla metsi ka sekoting se sebelisetsoang ho lokisetsa lijo. Sebelisa bleach ho silafatsa lijana kapa sepache ka mor'a moo.
- Haeba ngoana oa hao a le lilemo li hlano kapa a le monyenyane, laola ngoana ho pota liphoofolo. U se ke ua lumella ho kopana le sefahleho sa ngoana oa hao kapa ho soma. Thusa ngoana oa hao ka ho hlatsoa matsoho ka mor'a ho sebetsana le phoofolo.
Kamore ea ka temo le mahe a mahaeng
Ha ho boloka likhoho le ho thabela mahe a lapeng ho tloaelehile, ke habohlokoa ho utloisisa likotsi tsa salmonella mesebetsing ena. U lokela ho reka likhoho tse phelang kapa litsuonyana ho tloha mahaeng a lichelete tse tiisitsoeng ke Lenane la Ntlafatso ea Mahae la USDA (USDA NPIP). Ho molemo hore u se ke ua fumana likhoho tsa hau ho bahoebi kapa ho balemi ba bang ba ka mor'a ntlo.
Sebelisa lintlha tsena ho qoba ho fumana salmonella:
- Hlatsoa kok ea hau kamehla, u apere li-glove le ba sireletsang lieta kapa lieta tseo u li sebelisang feela ka hare.
- Fetola lijo le metsi letsatsi ka leng.
- Hlatsoa matsoho ka mor'a hore u sebetse khōho kapa u bokelle mahe 'me u etse joalo ka ntle kapa u sebelise sekotlolo se sa sebelisetsoeng ho lokisetsa lijo.
- Lijana tse hloekileng tsa ho fepa le lintho tse ling ka ntle kapa ka sekoting ha lia sebelisoa bakeng sa ho itokisetsa lijo, li li silafatsa ka mali.
- U se ke ua ja, ua noa kapa ua tsuba pel'a linonyana tsa hau.
- Tlosa linonyana tsa hau ntlong le hole le libaka, ho akarelletsa le li-patio tsa ka ntle, moo u lokisang kapa u jang lijo.
- U se ke ua lumella bana ba ka tlaase ho lilemo tse hlano ho pota-pota linonyana tsa hao le ho hlokomela bana ba bang le batho ba baholo hore ba sebetse linonyana ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.
- Haeba nonyana leha e le efe e kula, e arohane le linonyana tse ling 'me u ikopanye le ngaka ea hau ea liphoofolo.
- Etsa bonnete ba hore linonyana tsa hau li fumana liente tsohle tse khothalletsoang.
- Haeba u sebelisa manyolo oa khoho e le sethopo sa manyolo, se lokela ho phekoloa bonyane matsatsi a 45 pele u sebelisoa.
Sebelisa lintlha tsena bakeng sa polokeho ea mahe a lapeng:
- Bokella mahe hoseng ho hong le ho hong le mantsiboea.
- Ho hlatsoa mahe ka mor'a pokello ha ho khothaletsoe hore Setsi sa Tlhokomelo ea Maloetse (CDC) se re ho hlatsoa metsing a batang ho ka hula libaktheria mahe. Li hloekise ka ntle ka moqhaka kapa lesela.
- Lahla mahe a khethiloeng kapa a litšila.
- Mahe a refrigerate lihora tse peli kapa tse seng kae.
- Haeba u rekisa mahe a hau, latela melao ea tsamaiso le litlhoko tsa mangolo.
- Ha u ja mahe a lehaeng, pheha ka ho feletseng 'me u se ke ua ja mahe a tala.
Ho Khetholla Liphello
Lefapha la bophelo bo botle ba sechaba le CDC li hloka mekhoa ea bongaka ho tlaleha linyeoe tsa salmonellosis e le hore li tsebe ho tseba le ho phalla. Li-laboratories tsa meriana ea meriana li romela li-isolation tsa Salmonella ho li-laboratories tsa bophelo bo botle e le hore mofuta o itseng o ka khethoa le ho bapisoa le tse ling tsa Salmonella motseng. Haeba maemong a mangata a etsahala ka nako e le 'ngoe, ho ka' na ha bolela hore reschorente, lijo kapa metsi li na le bothata bo hlokang ho khalemeloa ke lefapha la bophelo bo botle ba sechaba. Le hoja batho ba bangata ba sa fumane tlhokomelo ea meriana ea salmonellosis e tsamaeang ka tsela e tloaelehileng, ba e etsang ba tla thusa ka ho hlahloba sena ho hlasela.
Tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le ho hlaha e ka bonoa sethaleng sa CDC. Mehlala ea pherekano ea morao-rao e akaretsa e bakoang ke mahe a shell, kokonate, salate ea khōhō, limela tse tala, kratom, likolobe tsa liphoofolo tse nyenyane le likolobe tsa liphoofolo. U ka cheka fatše ho bona hore na ho na le ho phatloha hofe.
Haeba u utloa litlaleho tsa litaba tsa ho hopola lijo ka lebaka la ho tšoenyeha ka salmonella kapa maloetse a bakoang ke lijo, hlahloba hore na u rekile lihlahisoa tse hopoleloang. U se ke ua li ja.
> Mehloli:
> Ho boloka majoe a linonyana. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/features/salmonellapoultry/index.html.
> Salmonella. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/
> Salmonella Infection. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/salmonella.html.
> Lipotso le Likarabo tsa Salmonella. USDA Polokeho ea Lijo le Tšebeletso ea Ts'ebetso. https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/foodfood-illness-and-disease/salmonella-questions- le likarabo.
> Whiley H, Ross K. Salmonella le Mahe: Ho tloha ho Phatlalatso ho ea Plate. Tchounwou PB, ed. International Journal of Phatlalatso ea Tikoloho le Bophelo ba Sechaba . 2015; 12 (3): 2543-2556. doi: 10.3390 / jerph120302543.