Ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe eo u lokelang ho e tseba ka antihistamine
Histamine ke lik'hemik'hale tse atisang ho hlahisoa 'meleng oa hao' me li bolokiloe lisele tsa algerike, tse kang lisele tse ngata le basophil . Haeba u e-na le bothata ba ho kula, histamine e lokolloa lisele tsena ka karabelo ea likokoana-hloko. Histamine ea hau e tlama liphatsa tsa histamine , tse teng lisele tse fapaneng 'meleng oa hao' me li fella ka matšoao a fokolang a kang ho snee, mahlo a makatsang, nko ea mahlo , maheba , kapa esita le anaphylaxis .
Antihistamine ke meriana e thibelang motho ea amohelang histori ea histamine, ka hona a emisa matšoao ao histamine e bakang joaloka ho thothomela, nko ea mahlo, mahlo a mahlo, le ho ruruha ha methapo.
Mokhoa o tloaelehileng o tloaelehileng oa Antihistamine
Li-antihistamine li atisa ho sebelisoa bakeng sa ho phekola maloetse a sa tšoaneng, 'me li ka nkoa ka molomo, phallo ea masapo , lerotholi la mahlo , le mefuta e entsoeng. Maloetse a antihistamine a sebelisetsoa ho kenyelletsa:
- Matšoao a li-hay (allergenic rhinitis): Li -antihistamine tse ncha tsa molomo, tse kang Xyzal (levocetirizine), Zyrtec (cetirizine), Allegra (fexofenadine), Clarinex (desloratadine) le Clarinex (desloratadine), ke mekhoa e sebetsang haholo ea ho phekola furu . Li-antihistamine tsa khale , joaloka diphenhydramine (Benadryl), chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton), le hydroxyzine (Atarax), le tsona li sebetsa hantle empa li na le litla-morao tse ngata. Li-antihistamine tsa molomo li sebetsa hantle ha li nkoa li hlokahala, ho bolelang hore matšoao a hao a ho kula a ntlafala pele ho feta hora kapa peli ho noa meriana . Li-antihistamine li fumaneha hape joaloka li-sprays tsa letsoho bakeng sa ho phekoloa ha li-allergen rhinitis ( mafu a mongobo ). Li-sprays tsa Nasal antihistamine li akarelletsa Astelin (azelastine) le Patanase (olopatadine). Li-sprays tsa Corticosteroid li atisa ho sebelisoa ho sebetsana le phekolo e nepahetseng. Mehlala ea tsena e akarelletsa Rhinocort (budesonide), Flonase (fluticasone propionate), Nasonex (mometasone), le Nasacort Mafuse a 24 Hora (triamcinolone).
- Majoe a mahlo: Li-antihistamine tsa molomo li ka thusa ho tšoara matšoao a ho kula ha mahlo . Li boetse li fumaneha joaloka marotholi a mahlo , a kang Optivar (azelastine), Emadine (emedastine), Visine-A (pheniramine), le Alaway (ketotifen). Mahlaseli a mahlo a Corticosteroid a ka sebelisoa ho alafola mahlo ha li-antihistamine li sa sebetse. Mehlala e kenyelletsa Flarex (fluorometholone), Alrex (loteprednol), le Omnipred (prednisolone).
- Li-hives (urticaria): Moriana oa antihistamine ke phekolo e kholo ea maheba. Li-antihistamine tsa morao-rao, tse theoha tlaase, tse kang Zyrtec kapa Claritin , li khethoa ho feta lilemong tsa khale, li hohela li-antihistamine tse kang Benadryl kapa Atarax. Li-antihistamine tse nang le lihlooho tse ngata, tse teng ka mefuta e mengata ea li-crem-anti-itch creams , ha lia lokela ho sebelisoa bakeng sa ho phekola mekhoa kapa litlhaselo tse ling tsa letlalo hobane ho sebelisa li- anti-stistamine letlalo, joaloka Benadryl cream, ho antihistamine.
Mesebetsi e meng ea Antihistamine
Li-antihistamine li atisa ho sebelisoa bakeng sa ho phekoloa ha maemo a mang a fokolang, le hoja li ka 'na tsa se ke tsa atleha joaloka tsa feberu le maheba. Maemo ana a kenyeletsa:
- Sefuba se tloaelehileng
- Ho hloekisa letlalo (pruritus)
- Liboko tsa likokoanyana le ho loma
- Ho arabela meriana
- Anaphylaxis
Li-oral Oral Antihistamines
Li-oral antihistamines li kenyelletsa likarolo tsena:
- Over-the-counter (OTC): Ho ka etsahala hore ebe molomo o tummeng ka ho fetisisa oa antihistamine ke Benadryl , e leng antihistamine ea khale, e phelisang likokoanyana. Le hoja Benadryl e le meriana e nang le kahlolo e molemo bakeng sa ho phekoloa ha maemo a fapaneng, ho ba le litla-morao ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea eona ea kamehla, haholo-holo motšehare. Benadryl le li-antihistamine tse ling tse ngata tsa khale, tse kang Chlor-Trimeton (chlorpheniramine), li fumaneha ka OTC ntle le lengolo la ngaka. Li-antihistamine tsa morao-rao, tse sa theoheng tlaase, Claritin, Allegra le Zyrtec, li fumaneha le OTC ntle le lengolo la ngaka. Meriana ena e etsa hore ho be le litšila tse ngata haholo 'me ka hona li khethoa ho feta mefuta e mengata ea khale.
- Kemiso feela: Le hoja li-antihistamine tse ngata tse seng li hōlile, li se li fumaneha ka OTC, Atarax e fumaneha feela ka lengolo la ngaka. Atarax e feteletsa haholo mme e atisa ho laeloa bakeng sa phekolo ea meriana ea letlalo e kang maheba le ho hlohlona. Metabolite e sebetsang ea Atarax, Zyrtec, e fumaneha ho OTC 'me e etsa hore ho se ke ha e-ba bonolo ho itšehla thajana. Xyzal le Clarinex, li-antihistamine tse peli tse sa thekeseleng, li ntse li fumaneha feela ka lengolo la ngaka, joalo ka Periactin (cyproheptadine).
Litla-morao tsa Antihistamine
Li-antihistamine tsa khale, tse kang Benadryl le Atarax, li na le litla-morao tse ngata tsa anticholinergic , ho akarelletsa le molomo o omeletseng, ho otsela, ho pata, ho robala hlooho, le ho boloka moriana.
Ka lebaka la litla-morao tsa meriana ena, ka kakaretso li nkoa e le ho robala haholo bakeng sa tšebeliso ea mantsiboea. Kaha li-antihistamine tsa khale li ka senya kelello le motlakase, li ka fokotsa bokhoni ba hau ba ho sebelisa likoloi kapa mechine e boima. Ha e le hantle, litabeng tse ngata, u ka qosoa ka ho khanna-tlas'a tšusumetso (DUI) haeba u sebelisa koloi ha u ntse u noa meriana e kang Benadryl.
Li-antihistamine tsa morao-rao, tse theohelang tlaase, tse kang Claritin le Zyrtec, li atisa ho ba le litla-morao tse seng kae tsa anticholinergic. Le hoja li-antihistamine tsena tse ncha li ntse li baka ho otsela kapa molomo o omileng, ha lia bontšoa hore li senya bokhoni ba hau ba ho khanna koloi. Allegra ke eona feela antihistamine eo ho nkoang e le hore e se ea ho robala.
Antihistamine le Boima ba Boima
Ntle le ho phomola le molomo o omileng, antihistamine e ka ba le phello e sa batleheng ea lebelo la takatso ea lijo le boima ba ' mele . Sena se ka ba ka lebaka la lik'hemik'hale tse tšoanang tsa li-antihistamine le meriana e meng ea mafu a kelello, joalo ka anti-depressants, tse tsejoang ho eketsa takatso ea lijo le ho etsa hore boima bo be le boima.
Ha e le hantle, batho ba bangata ba sebelisitseng Xyzal ba tlaleha ho eketseha ha takatso ea lijo le boima ba 'mele . Sebaka se kenyelelitsoeng bakeng sa Xyzal se tiisa phaello ea boima e le phello e tsebahalang empa e tlaleha hore sena se etsahala feela ka liphesente tse 0,5 tsa batho ba neng ba e-noa meriana ena. Li-antihistamine tsa khale, tse kang Periactin (cyproheptadine), li hlile li sebelisitsoe ka morero oa ho eketsa takatso ea lijo le ho ba le boima ba 'mele ho bana ba tlase ho feta' mele le bakuli ba kankere ba nang le chemotherapy.
> Mohloli:
> Basebetsi ba Mayo Clinic. Meriana ea Ts'oaetso: Tseba Litsela tsa hau. Mayo Clinic. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 6 June, 2017.