Kamoo Pono ea Bokooa e Laolang Phekolo
Dyspnea ke polelo ea bongaka e sebelisetsoang ho hlalosa phefumoloho e khutšoanyane, letšoao le nkiloeng bohlokong ba mefuta eohle ea lefu le sa foleng la boloetse ba mafu (COPD) le kenyeletsang emphysema le bronchitis e sa foleng.
Ha COPD e le e tsoelang pele ebile e sa fetohe, boholo ba dyspnea bo phetha karolo ea bohlokoa tabeng ea ho khetholla bobeli ba lefu lena le phekolo e nepahetseng.
Mathata a ho Tsejoa
Ho tsoa pontsong ea bongaka, phephetso ea ho hlahloba dyspnea ke eona e ikhethang haholo. Le hoja liteko tsa spirometry (tse nang le matla a mmapa ) le li-oximetry tsa mokokotlo (e leng litekanyo tsa oksijene maling) li ka bontša hore batho ba babeli ba na le bokooa bo tšoanang ba ho hema, motho a ka 'na a ikutloa a tsitsitsoe ka mor'a mosebetsi empa e mong a ka ba hantle.
Qetellong, maikutlo a motho a dyspnea ke a bohlokoa ha e thusa ho tiisa hore motho ha a fete kapa ha a koetlisoe le hore phekolo e behiloeng, ha ho hlokahala, e tla ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo ba motho ho e-na le ho e nka.
Ho finyella sena, li-pulmonologists li tla sebelisa sesebelisoa se bitsoang Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale ho tiisa hore na phefumoloho e fokolang ea motho e baka bokooa ba lefatše joang.
Tlhahlobo e Etsoa joang
Mokhoa oa ho lekanya dyspnea o tšoana le liteko tse sebelisetsoang ho utloisisa bohloko ba maikutlo ho batho ba nang le bohloko bo sa foleng.
Ho e-na le ho hlalosa dyspnea ka matla a matšoafo, tekanyo ea mMRC e tla lekanya maikutlo a dyspnea ha motho a e bona.
Bohloko ba dyspnea bo hakanngoa ka tekanyo ea 0 ho ea ho 4, eo boleng ba eona bo tla tsamaisa morero oa ho hlahlojoa le oa phekolo.
| Sehlopha | Tlhaloso ea Breathlessness |
|---|---|
| 0 | "Ke ikoetlisa feela ke ikoetlisa ka thata." |
| 1 | "Ha ke phefumolohe nakoana ha ke potlakela fatše kapa ke tsamaea ka maralla." |
| 2 | "Ha ke le fatše, ke tsamaea butle ho feta batho ba lilemo tse tšoanang ka lebaka la ho hema kapa ho tlameha ho khaotsa ho hema ha ke tsamaea ka lebelo la ka." |
| 3 | "Ke khaotsa ho phefumoloha ka mor'a hore ke tsamaee ka li-yard tse 100 kapa ka mor'a metsotso e seng mekae ka moeli." |
| 4 | "Ke itšunya-tšunya haholo hore ke tlohe ka tlung, kapa ke itšohlometsa ha ke apara." |
Karolo ea Dyspnea Scale ea MMRC
MMRC dyspnea scale e fumanoe e le ea bohlokoa tšimong ea pulmonology kaha e fana ka lingaka le bafuputsi e bolela ho:
- Hlahloba katleho ea phekolo ka bomong
- Bapisa katleho ea phekolo ka har'a baahi
- Bolela nako ea ho pholoha le litekanyetso
Ho latela maikutlo a bophelo ba meriana, mMRC e lekanyelitsoe hantle hantle le mehato e joalo ea sepheo sa liteko tsa tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea pulmonary le liteko tsa ho tsamaea . Ho feta moo, litekanyetso li atisa ho tsitsisa ka nako, ho bolelang hore ha li na tšekamelo e fokolang ea ho ipapisa le maemo eo motho a ka nahanang ka eona.
Ho sebelisa Index ea BOD ho Bolela ho Pholoha
MMRC dyspnea scale e sebelisoa ho lekanya letšoao la BODE , sesebelisoa sa sona se thusang ho hakanya nako ea ho phela ha batho ba phelang le COPD.
Index ea BOD e na le boitsebiso bo bongata ba 'mele oa motho ("B"), thibelo ea sefofane ("O"), dyspnea ("D"), le ho mamella ho ikoetlisa ("E"). E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea likarolo tsena e kenyelelitsoe ka tekanyo ea 0 ho isa ho e 1 ho ea ho ea ho ea 3, 'me lipalo tsa eona li behoa bakeng sa tekanyo ea ho qetela.
Bohlokoa ba ho qetela-ho tloha ho tlaase ho 0 ho ea holimo ho 10-bo fa lingaka liphesente tsa hore motho o ka phela lilemo tse 'nè hakae. Tlhaloso ea ho qetela ea BODE e hlalosoa ka tsela e latelang:
- Mehopolo ea 0 ho ea ho 2: 80 lekholong monyetla oa ho phela
- Lintlha tse 3 ho isa ho tse 4: monyetla oa karolo ea 67 lekholong oa ho phela
- Palo ea 5 ho tse 6: monyetla oa 57 lekholong oa ho phela
- Lintlha tse 7 ho isa ho 10: monyetla oa 18 lekholong oa ho phela
Mokhoa oa BODE, ebang o moholo kapa o monyenyane, ha o behoe ka majoe. Liphetoho ho mekhoa ea bophelo le ho khomarela kalafo kalafo ho ka ntlafatsa liphello tsa nako e telele, ka linako tse ling ka mokhoa o hlollang. Tsena li kenyelletsa lintho tse kang ho khaotsa ho tsuba, ho ntlafatsa lijo tsa hau le ho ikoetlisa ka mokhoa o loketseng ho ntlafatsa matla a ho hema.
Qetellong, lipalo e mpa feela e le setšoantšo sa bophelo bo botle ba hona joale, eseng ho bolela esale pele ka lefu la hao.
Qetellong, mokhoa oo u khethang ho phela ka oona o ka phetha karolo ea bohlokoa tabeng ea ho ikhethela hore na mathata a u khahlanong kapa a hau.
> Mehloli:
> Chhabra, S., Gupta, A., le Khuma, M. "Tlhahlobo ea litekanyo tse tharo tsa dyspnea ho boloetse ba boloetse ba lefu la pulmonary." Annals ea Thoracic Medicine. 2009; 4 (3): 128-32. NA: 10.4103 / 1817-1737.53351.
Perez, T .; Burgel, P .; Paillasseur, J .; et al. "Phetoho ea Bongaka ea Bongaka ea Lipatlisiso ea Lekala le Baseline Dyspnea Index ea ho hlahloba lefu la dyspnea le boloetse bo sa foleng ba tšoaetso ea mali." International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . 2015; 10: 1663-72. DOI: 10.2147 / COPD.S82408.