Lefu la tsoekere ke bothata bo ntseng bo eketseha United States. Ho ea ka Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse, Maamerika a fetang limilione tse 29 a tšoeroe ke lefu la tsoekere le limilione tse 86 ba na le lefu la ts'oaetso la lefu la tsoekere ka 2012. Palo e tsoela pele ho nyoloha le mathata a bongaka a hlahang le eona.
Lefu la tsoekere le amahanngoa le lefu la mahlo (retinopathy), lefu la pelo ( lefu la lefu la pelo ), mafu a liphio ( nephropathy ), le lefu la methapo ( lefu la pelo ).
Litefello tsa bokhachane bakeng sa tlhaselo ea pelo le stroke ke 1.8 le 1.5 linako tse ling tse phahameng ho batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ho feta ba se nang boemo.
Lefu lena le lefella Amerika, le Medicare, eseng feela bophelo bo botle le boleng ba bophelo empa e le liranta le lisente. Ho hakanyetsoa hore litšenyehelo tsa meriana tse tobileng tsa bongaka bakeng sa boemo bo ka bang liranta tse limilione tse likete tse 176 le ho fokotsa lihlahisoa tse ka bang $ 69 limilione ka 2013 feela.
Ke lefu la tsoekere le bokae?
Medicare Screening bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere
Medicare e akaretsa ho hlahloba lefu la tsoekere ntle ho tefo bakeng sa batho ba kotsing ea boemo boo. Tlhahlobo ea boemo bo ka 'na ea kenyelletsa tekanyo ea ho itima lijo ea mali , tlhahlobo ea mali e bonolo e hlahlobang hore na tsoekere e kae maling a hao ka mor'a lihora tse 8 ho isa ho tse 12 tsa ho itima lijo. Mekhoa e meng e kenyelletsa teko ea molomo oa ho mamellana le tsoekere , e leng tekanyo ea tsoekere ea mali ea hau pele le ka mor'a phephetso ea tsoekere. Tlhahlobo ea hemoglobin A1c ke mokhoa o mong hape o bonts'ang hore na tsoekere ea mali ea hao e feta bokae ka likhoeli tse tharo.
U lokeloa ke liteko tsa ho hlahloba lefu la tsoekere ka likhoeli tse 12 haeba u na le e 'ngoe ea tse latelang:
- Dyslipidemia (k'holeseterole e phahameng)
- Ho se lumellane ha tsoekere (histori ea ho baloa ha tsoekere e phahameng)
- Khatello ea mali (khatello ea mali e phahameng)
- Botenya (setopo sa 'mele oa 30 kapa ho feta)
Ntle le moo, o ka nna oa khona ho hlahloba lefu la tsoekere ka makhetlo a mabeli ka selemo haeba bonyane ho na le lintlha tse peli tse latelang:
- Lilemo tse 65 kapa ho feta
- Histori ea malapa ea lefu la tsoekere ka lekhetlo la pele beng ka bona (batsoali, barab'eso, baralib'abo rōna)
- Gestational lefu la tsoekere (lefu la tsoekere nakong ea bokhachane) kapa ho fa lesea le boima ba lik'hilograma tse 9 kapa ho feta
- Boima bo fetang boima ba 'mele (boima ba' mele bo pakeng tsa 25 le 30)
Haeba u fumanoe u e-na le lefu la tsoekere pele ho moo, ho bolela hore tsoekere ea mali ea hao e phahame ho feta e tloaelehileng empa e se e phahameng hoo e ka khetholloang e le lefu la tsoekere, Medicare e tla koahela liteko tse peli tsa ho hlahloba lefu la tsoekere selemo le selemo.
Medicare Koetliso ea Lihlahisoa tsa Diabetes
Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka 'na a batla hore u shebe tsoekere ea hao ea mali haeba u fumanoa u tšoeroe ke lefu la tsoekere. Ho ka 'na ha e-ba joalo haeba u noa meriana ea molomo kapa insulin ho laola tsoekere ea hao ea mali. Lisebelisoa tse latelang li koahetsoe ke melemo ea Medicare Part B 'me li tla u lumella hore u hlahlobe tsoekere ea mali hantle. U tla lefa karolo ea 20 lekholong ea inshorense bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsena le hoja hangata, li-glucometers li ka fanoa ntle ho tefo.
- Litebelisoa tsa li-glucose
- Tsela ea ho laola
- Lancets
- Tlhahlobo ea liteko
Lieta tse khethehileng tsa meriana le li-inserts li ka koaheloa hang ka selemo ke Medicare Part B bakeng sa ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la lefu la tsoekere le mafu a maoto a amanang. Lieta tsena li lefella inshorense ea karolo ea 20 lekholong 'me li hloka ngaka e tsoang ho ngaka e amohelehang ea Medicare.
Hase feela hore mofani oa bongaka oa lieta tseo o tlameha ho ba le tumellano le lenane la Medicare. E le ho tiisa liphello tse ntle, Medicare e boetse e lefa bakeng sa ho tšoaneleha ha lieta tsena le / kapa ho kenya.
Bakeng sa ba hlokang insulin, lisebelisuoa tse eketsehileng le thepa e hlokahalang ho fana ka lithethefatsi. Sena se akarelletsa:
- Joala boa hlakola
- Litekanyetso tsa ho khaola
- Pumpo ea insulin
- Litlhoka
- Li-seringe
Kantle le pompo ea insulin, e koahetsoeng e le lisebelisoa tsa meriana tse tšoarellang tlas'a Medicare Part B, lisebelisuoa tsena li lokela ho koaheloa ke morero oa hau oa karolo ea D ea lithethefatsi. Leano la hau la Medicare Part D la lipilisi le tla koahela meriana, ho akarelletsa le insulin, ho phekola lefu la tsoekere hafeela e ntse e le kalafo ea hao ea meriana.
Khoeli ea khoebo kapa inshorense e tla sebetsa.
Medicare's Management of Diabetes
Haeba o na le lefu la tsoekere, mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla batla ho nka mehato leha e le efe e hlokahalang ho emisa mathata ho tloha ho ntlafatsa. Ntle le ho hlahloba tsoekere ea mali, ho beha meriana, le ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa kemiso, ba ka 'na ba hloka ho u fetisetsa ho bona litsebi tse itseng.
- Ngaka ea Lefilosofi (ngaka ea liphio): Batho ba nang le mathata a liphio a amanang le lefu la tsoekere ba ka 'na ba hlahlojoa ke setsebi sa nephrologist ho na le tšepo ea ho lieha ho thibela lefu lena. Hangata liteko li tla itšetlehile ka matla a nephropathy 'me li tla u lefella inshorense ea 20 lekholong ka ketelo.
- Nutritionist: Motho e mong le e mong ea tšoeroeng ke lefu la tsoekere o lokela ho fuoa keletso ea phepo ea phepo ea meriana le setsebi sa phepo. Ketelo ea pele le litekanyetso tsa tlhahlobo ea morao-rao ha li lefelloe haeba ngaka ea hau e amohela kabelo eo .
- Setsebi sa maiketsetso (ngaka ea mahlo): Motho ea nang le lefu la tsoekere e telele, o beha monyetla oa ho ba le tšoaetso ea lefu lena. Ts'oaetso e u beha kotsing bakeng sa pono e fokotsehileng le maemong a boima, bofofu . Lebella ho lefa karolo ea 20 lekholong ea inshorense ea Medicare bakeng sa ho koahela e khothalletsoang hang ka selemo.
- Ngaka ea maoto (ngaka ea maoto): Batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere empa haholo-holo ba nang le lefu la methapo le amanang le lefu la tsoekere ba tšoaneleha ho hlahlojoa ke setsebi sa masole kapa litsebi tse ling tse tšoanelehang habeli ka selemo. Ngaka ea maoto e tla hlahloba liphetoho tsa maikutlo le ho fokotsa ho phalla ha mali maotong a ka u beha kotsing ea lisosa tsa letlalo le mathata a mang .
Lihlopha tsa sehlopha li ka boela tsa fanoa bakeng sa koetliso ea boithaopi ea boithati le thuto. Litšebeletso tsena tsa ho itlhokomela li koaheloa ke motho ea sa tsoa fumanoa a tšoeroe ke lefu la tsoekere empa hape o fumaneha ho mang kapa mang ea kotsing ea mathata a tsoang ho lefu lena. Selemong sa pele sa litšebeletso, Medicare e tla koetlisa lihora tse 10 tsa boithaopi ba ho itlhokomela (hora e le 'ngoe ka nako e le' ngoe ka nako e le 'ngoe le lihora tse 9 ka lihlopha tsa sehlopha). Lilemong tse latelang (ho qala bonyane selemo se seng sa khalendara ka morao koetliso ea hau ea pele), Medicare e tla koetlisa lihora tse peli tsa koetliso ea selemo ka selemo hafeela koetliso e etsoa ka lihlopha tsa bonyane bonyane ba metsotso e 30 'me e kenyelletsa batho ba 2 ho isa ho 20 ka mong . Ka mokotleng, thuto ka 'ngoe e tla lefella inshorense ea karolo ea 20 lekholong.
Medicare Merero ea ho Thibela lefu la tsoekere
Litsi tsa Medicare le Medicaid Services li etsa hore thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere e be ntho ea pele. Khato ea limilione tse 11,8 e lefshoang ke Lekhotla la Tlhokomelo ea Theko e tlaase e ile ea hlahisa lenaneo la lifofane le Mokhatlo oa Sechaba oa Bacha ba Bakreste ba Young Men's United States of America (YMCA) ka 2011. Sepheo e ne e le ho khothalletsa liphetoho tsa nako e telele tsa bophelo bo khothalletsang ho ja hantle le ho ikoetlisa kamehla. Liphello tsa lifofane li ne li le tsotehang hoo hona joale li ntseng li kenngoa ts'ebetsong joaloka Lenaneo la Thibelo ea Ts'oaetso ea Lefu ka hara naha ka 2018.
Phuputso ea lifofane e bontšitse ho lahleheloa ke boima ba 5 lekholong bakeng sa barupeluoa ba Medicare ba kotsing ea lefu la tsoekere le ho fokotsa litsenyehelo tsa bophelo ho bafani bana ka $ 2,650 ka likhoeli tse 15. Ho boloka nako e khutšoanyane ho bontša hore lenaneo le tla lefa. Ho molemo le ho feta, e ka boloka liranta tse ngata bakeng sa Medicare qetellong. Bophelo ba sechaba bo ka rua molemo mokhoa ona o bonolo oa ho thibela.
> Mehloli:
> Tlhahlobo ea lefu la tsoekere ea Lesotho ea 2014. Litsi tsa Tikoloho ea Thibelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics/2014StatisticsReport.html.
> Medicare Program: Litlhahiso tsa Liphoso tsa Puseletso tlas'a Lenane la Makhetho a Lingaka le Liphetoho Tse Ling ho Karolo ea B bakeng sa CY 2017. Litsi tsa Tikoloho ea Thibelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2016/11/15/2016-26668/medicare-program-revisions-to-payment-policies-under-the-physician-fee-schedule-and-other-revisions.
> Tlhaloso ea Tlhahlobo le Litšebeletso tsa lefu la tsoekere tsa Medicare Covered. Lihlopha tsa Websaeteng ea Medicare le Medicaid Services. https://www.cms.gov/Outreach-and-Education/Medicare-Learning-Network-MLN/MLNMattersArticles/downloads/se0738.pdf.
> Lipalo-palo ka lefu la tsoekere. Websaeteng ea Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Lefu la tsoekere. http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/.