Ho hlalosa khatello ea mali bakeng sa bana ho batla ho le thata ho bapisoa le batho ba baholo. Le hoja khatello ea mali e kholo e baloa e ka bapisoa habonolo le litekanyetso tse hatisitsoeng feela tsa seo ho thoeng ke ntho e tloaelehileng le e sa tloaelehang, papiso e joalo e bonolo ha e khonehe bakeng sa bana. Hobane 'mele ea bana e fetoha kapele bophelong, khatello ea mali e tlameha ho fetoloa bakeng sa bophahamo, lilemo, boima ba' mele le tekano.
Liphuputso tsena li fetohile joale li bapisoa le litafole tse rarahaneng tse thathamisang "mebala ea li-percentile." Lehlakoreng la li-percentile le bolella ngaka kamoo khatello ea mali e lekantsoeng kateng le bana ba bang ka ho sheba khatello ea mali e kopantsoeng ho bala ho tsoa ho limilione tsa bana ka bomong.
Ka mohlala, haeba ngaka e u bolella hore khatello ea mali ea ngoana ea hau ke ea 65th, sena se bolela hore 35% ea bana ba lilemo tse tšoanang, bophahamo, boima ba 'mele le botona ba botšehali ba na le khatello e matla ea mali ho feta ngoana oa hau. Bakeng sa merero e mengata, likhatello tsa mali tse ka bang 50 ho isa ho tse 90 tsa li-percentiles li nkoa li lekana le maemo a tloaelehileng, athe litekanyetso tse phahameng kapa tse tlase li ka bontša hore ho hlokahala thuso ea bongaka.
Tsela ea ho hlalosetsa bana ho bala khatello ea mali
Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo ea Maloetse (CDC) li boloka boitsebiso bo sebelisetsoang ho hlahisa lichelete tsa khatello ea mali ea percentile, 'me boitsebiso bohle bo fumaneha phatlalatsa.
Litekanyo tsa motho ka mong, bophara, le 'mele oa boima ba' mele (BMI) tse sebelisetsoang ho hlahisa lichate tsa percentile li fumaneha bakeng sa ho kopitsa (PDF Format):
- Boima ka Matsatsi a Lilemo
- Bashanyana
- Banana
- Boima ba 'mele ka Matsatsi a Lilemo
- Bashanyana
- Banana
- BMI ka Matsaka a Lilemo
- Bashanyana
- Banana
Lintlha tse sa tšoaneng tse bokelloeng ho tsoa letotong le leholo la merero ea saense le ea meriana e tsejoang e le Phuputso ea Sechaba le Bophelo ba Litlhare (NHANES), e tla u lumella hore lipalo-palo tsa ngoana oa hao li bapisoa le likarolo tsa naha tsa United States.
Leha ho le joalo, ho na le melemo e mengata ea khatello ea mali e entsoeng ka lichate tsa li-percentile tse ngotsoeng ho sebelisoa lintlha tse tala tsa NHANES. Pokello ea khatello ea mali ea percentile e fumaneha bakeng sa ho kopitsa ka li-link tse ka tlase:
Ho sebelisa litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng, pele, etsa bonnete ba hore o khetha chate e nepahetseng ea banna kapa basali. Hlakola mohala o ka tlaase ho lehlakoreng le letšehali ho fumana mola o lumellanang le lilemo tsa ngoana oa hau. Hlokomela hore lilemo tsohle li na le mela e fapaneng ea khatello ea mali ea 90 le 95 ea percentile. Mehala e totobetseng e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e emela bolelele ba percentile. Ho tsamaisana le kholepo ea bolelele le lilemo tse 90 kapa tse 95 tsa li-percentile tsa khatello ea mali li bontša hore na bohlokoa ba linomoro tsa khatello ea mali ke eng.
Tshebetso ena e utloahala e le thata ho feta kamoo e hlileng e leng kateng. A re leke mohlala. E re o na le moshemane ea lilemo li 4 o bolelele ba 103 cm (40.5 cm) kapa hoo e ka bang 3.5ft). U qala ho sheba bophahamo ba CDC ka chate ea lilemo ho fumana bolelele ba ngoana oa hao ka ho fetisisa. Moshanyana ea lilemo li 4 ea bolelele ba 103cm e ka bang ka bophara ba 75 ho pota-pota (fumana ntlha eo lilemo le bophahamo li kenang ka eona le ho khetha lebelo le haufi le lona).
Hona joale, u sebelisa chate ea percentile ea khatello ea mali, u ka fumana litekanyetso tsa cutoff bakeng sa khatello ea mali ea 90 le ea 95 ea percentile ho moshanyana ea lilemo li 4 ea ka holimo ho 75 ho pota-pota. Ho sebelisa mokhachane oa khatello ea mali ho fana ka litekanyetso tsena ho mohlala oa ngoana oa rona:
- Khatello ea mali ea 90 lekholong = 109/65
- Khatello ea mali ea 95 lekholong = 113/69
Leka ho sebetsa khatello ea mali ea 90 le ea 95 bakeng sa mehlala ena (likarabo qetellong ea sehlooho sena):
- Moshanyana ea lilemo li 10 ka bophara ba 90 ho pota
- Ngoanana ea lilemo li hlano ea bolelele ba 116cm
Ka mor'a ho sebetsa le lichate tsena, u bona hore litlhoko tsohle tse hlokahalang e ka ba tse rarahaneng.
Ha ts'ebetso ena e se thata haholo, e ka ba e ferekanyang le e senyang nako. Bakeng sa mabaka ana, ho molemo ho tlohela mosebetsi oa ho hlalosa tlhaloso ea molao ea khatello ea mali ea ngoan'a hao ho setsebi sa koetliso ea bophelo bo botle.
Likarabo ho Mohlala Lipotso:
Moshanyana ea lilemo li leshome o bophahamo ba 90 ka percentile:
- Pheko ea mali ea 90 Percentile = 118/77
- Khatello ea mali ea 95 lekholong = 122/81
Ngoanana ea lilemo li hlano ea bolelele ba 116cm:
- Height Percentile = 95th
- Pheko ea Mali ea 90 Percentile = 109/69
- Khatello ea mali ea 95 lekholong = 113/73
Lisebelisoa
> Phuputso ea Boraro ea Sechaba le Bophelo bo Botle ba ho Nya, 1988-1994.
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/elec_prods/subject/nhanes3.htm
> Lurbe, E, Sorof, JM, Daniels, SR. Ts'ebetso ea meriana le lipatlisiso likarolong tsa ho hlahloba khatello ea mali khatellong ea bana. J Phiri ea 2004; 144: 7.
> Dasgupta, K, O'Loughlin, J, Chen, S, et al. Ho ba le phapang pakeng tsa ho kopanela liphate ho ata ha khatello ea mali e phahameng ea systolic: tlhahlobo ea sehlopha sa bocha sa nakoana. Tsamaiso ea 2006; 114: 2663.
> Rosner, B, Prineas, RJ, Loggie, JM, Daniels, SR. Khatello ea mali bakeng sa bana le bacha, ka bophahamo, ho kopanela liphate le lilemo, United States. J Pediatr 1993; 123: 871.
> DHHS, PHS, NIH, National Heart, Lung le Blood Institute. Phatlalatso ho Tlaleho ea Task Force (1987) ka Phekolo ea Ts'oaetso ea Mali ho Bana le Bacha: Tlaleho ea Sehlopha sa Tšebeliso ho tsoa Lenaneong la Thuto ea Lefatše le phahameng la khatello ea mali. NIH Phatlalatso 96-3790; 1996; 7-9.