Meriana e meng eo u e nkang bakeng sa maemo a mang a bophelo, a kang khatello e phahameng ea mali kapa phekolo ea meriana ea li-hormone - e ka ama maemo a hau a lipid. Sena se kenyelletsa ho eketsa lDL ea hau le litekanyetso tsa triglyceride kapa ho theola cholesterol ea HDL. Sena se ka 'na sa u tšoenya haeba u sa ka ua tšoenyeha ka k'holeseterole e phahameng pele. Ho phaella moo, haeba hona joale u e-na le meriana ea ho theola k'holeseterole ea hao, u ka 'na ua hlokomela hore phekolo ea hau e ka' na ea hlokahala hore e fetohe.
Le hoja ena e se lenane le kenyelletsoeng, lithethefatsi tse thathamisitsoeng ka tlase ke meriana e sebelisoang ka tloaelo e ka 'nang ea ama maemo a hau a lipid. O lokela ho senolela mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo meriana eo ue nkang, e le hore a tsebe hore na meriana kapa lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho li ama bophelo ba hau kapa che.
Prednisone
Prednisone ke glucocorticoid e sebelisoang ho fokotsa ho ruruha, mofuthu le bonolo ho amanang le maemo a mangata a ho ruruha. Ho sa tsotellehe phomolo eo ba ka u fang eona, ba ka hlahisa triglycerides, li-cholesterol tsa LDL le li-cholesterol tsa HDL. Ha ho nka nako e telele ho bona ho eketseha ha likhahla tsa k'holeseterole: Liphuputso tse ling li bontšitse hore bakuli ba na le menyetla e phahameng ea k'holeseterole ka mor'a libeke tse peli tsa phekolo.
Li-Blockers tsa Beta
Li-blockers tsa beta ke meriana eo hangata e laeloang ho phekola khatello e matla ea mali. Ho sa tsotellehe melemo ea bohlokoa, ba fana ka ho phekola mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lefu la pelo, beta blockers le eona e hlokometsoe ho fokotsa maemo a HDL le ho phahamisa maemo a triglyceride.
Leha ho le joalo, maemong a mangata, liphetoho tsena tsa lipid e bile tse nyenyane haholo. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore hase bohle ba beta ba nang le phello ena. Li-beta-blockers tse latelang li hlokometsoe ho fetola litlaleho tsa lipid ka hanyenyane:
- Atenolol (Tenormin®)
- Bisoprolol (Zebeta®)
- Metoprolol (Toprol®, Lopressor®)
- Nadolol (Corgard ®)
- Propanolol (Inderal ®)
Li-beta-blockers ha li thuse feela ho fokotsa khatello ea mali, li boetse li thusa ho eketsa ho pholoha ha batho ba nang le lefu la pelo (e kang congestive heart failure le lefu la pelo le fetileng). Ka hona, esita le haeba liphetoho tse fokolang tsa lipids tsa hau li hlokomeloa, ke habohlokoa hore beta blockers ha e khaotse.
Amiodarone
Amiodarone ke sethethefatsi se sebelisetsoang ho tšoara li- arrhythmias tse sa tšoaneng tsa pelo 'me se amahanngoa le litla-morao tse sa tšoaneng. E 'ngoe ea litla-morao tse nyane e amana le k'holeseterole e phahameng . Haholo-holo Amiodarone e phahamisa li -cholesterol LDL empa ha e bonahale eka e na le phello ho li-cholesterol tsa HDL kapa li-triglyceride.
Estrogen
Estrogen ke li-hormone tsa botona le botšehali tsa basali tse fumanoang ka thibelo ea bokhachane ea basali le mefuta e meng ea phekolo ea li-hormone. Ka lilemo tse ngata, estrogen e ne e nkoa e le "lefu la pelo," e leng ho khothalletsa pelo e phetseng hantle . Sena se itšetlehile haholo ka matla a sona a ho hōlisa maemo a HDL. Sena se ile sa etsa hore basali ba bangata ba tlokotsing ea meriana ba nke phekolo ea li-hormone ho thusa lipelo tsa bona. Leha ho le joalo, lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao li fumane hore ha li sireletse khahlanong le lefu la pelo ka mor'a ho qeta nako ea ho ipolaea. Mochine o etsang hore motho a hlaseloe ke pelo ha o tsejoe.
Ho phaella moo, li-estrogen li ka 'na tsa eketsa litekanyetso tsa triglyceride.
Progestin
Progestin ke mofuta oa progesterone, hormone e 'ngoe e tšehali ea ho kopanela liphate, e sebelisetsoang ho thibela tšoaetso ea molomo le ho phekola phekolo ea li-hormone feela kapa e kopantsoe le estrogen. Mefuta e phahameng ea progestin e 'nile ea amahanngoa le maemo a tlaase a HDL. Ha ho kopane le estrogen, progestin e ka hlakola phello e ntle ea estrogen e ho hōlisa litekanyetso tsa HDL.
Anabolic Steroids
Li-steroids tsa anabolic li kenyelletsa testosterone, hormona e motona e sebelisoang ho tšoara bocha bo liehang ho kena bocha nakong ea bohlankana le mefuta e meng ea ho hloka matla. E boetse e sebelisoa ka tsela e sa lumelloeng ka molao ho haha mesifa ea mesifa.
Lithethefatsi tsena li phahamisa lithane tsa LDL le ho fokotsa maemo a HDL. Litholoana tse kotsi tsa lithethefatsi tsena li na le lihlahisoa tsa k'holeseterole li bonahala haholo merianeng ea molomo ha e bapisoa le meriana e nang le lithethefatsi.
Cyclosporine
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune ®, Neoral®, Gengraf®) ke lithethefatsi tse sebelisetsoang ho thibela sesole sa 'mele. E atisa ho sebelisoa ka mor'a ho kenya setho sa 'mele ho thibela ho lahloa. Leha ho le joalo, e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho phekola ramatiki ea ramatiki le psoriasis. Liphuputso li bontšitse hore cyclosporine e phahamisa li-cholesterol tsa LDL.
Protease Inhibitors
Protease inhibitors e sebelisetsoa ho phekola kokoana-hloko ea motho ea immunodeficiency (HIV). Le hoja lithethefatsi tseo lithethefatsi tsena li hōlisang lihlahisoa tsa k'holeseterole li sa tsejoe, li bonahala li hlahisa litekanyo tsa triglyceride le ho theola mahlaseli a li-cholesterol a HDL. Ka linako tse ling li-fibrate le li-statine li sebelisoa ho theola triglycerides le ho eketsa litekanyetso tsa HDL ho batho ba noang meriana ena.
Diuretics
Diuretiki e sebelisetsoa ho phekola khatello e matla ea mali le ho boloka metsi. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea diuretics e bakang ho eketseha ha k'holeseterole:
- Thiazide diuretics (ho akarelletsa le hydrochlorothiazide, chlorothiazide, metolazone)
- Loop diuretics (ho akarelletsa furosemide, torsemide, bumetanide)
Thiazide diuretics e etsa hore ho be le keketseho ea nakoana ea k'holeseterole ka botlalo, maemong a triglyceride le maemong a LDL k'holeseterole. Li-cholesterol tsa HDL ha li atisa ho ameha. Keketseho ena e ka arola li-milligram tse 5 ho isa ho tse 10 ka deciliter. Hona joale, indapamide ke eona feela diuratic ea thiazide e sa bontšoang hore e ama likarolo tsa lipid. Loop diuretics e na le mohlala o tšoanang le oa thiazide diuretics; Leha ho le joalo, tse ling tsa lithethefatsi tsena li bontšitse ho fokotsa hanyenyane k'holongeterole ea HDL. Kaha diuretics ke tsa bohlokoa haholo kalafo ea ho fokotsa khatello ea mali, mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka 'na au beha lijo tse fokolang ha u ntse u le meriana ena.
Haeba u e-na le li-cholesterol tse phahameng 'me u ntse u noa meriana e ka' nang ea phahamisa lipilisi tsa hau haholoanyane, mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka 'na a batla ho hlahloba mali a hao nako le nako ho netefatsa hore litekanyetso tsa lipid tsa hau ha li phahametse haholo. Maemong a mang, liphello tse bohloko lipids li ka 'na tsa e-ba tsa nakoana feela. Leha ho le joalo, haeba ba phehella ho ba phahameng ka mor'a hore phekolo e qale, mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka 'na a etsa qeto ea ho eketsa kapa ho fetola phekolo ea hao e tlaase ea k'holeseterole.
Lisebelisoa:
Dipiro JT, Talbert RL. Pharmacotherapy: Pathophysiological Approach, 9th, 2014.
> Tlaleho ea Boraro ea Lenaneo la Thuto ea Cholesterol ea Naha (NCEP) Lekala la Boiphihlelo la Tlhahlobo, Tlhahlobo le Tlhokomelo ea Phahamo ea Mali e Phahameng ea Batho ba baholo (PDF), July 2004, Mekhatlo ea Sechaba ea Bophelo: National Heart, Lung, le Blood Institute.
Micromedex 2.0. Truven Health Analytics, Inc. Greenwood Village, CO. Http://www.micromedexsolutions.com.