Liphoofolo tsa liphoofolo li fana ka lerato, botsoalle le ho ikoetlisa haeba u e-na le ntja e lokelang ho tsoa ka ntle letsatsi le leng le le leng. Ke litho tsa lelapa, ha ho pelaelo ka tsona, empa na li ka thusa ho atolosa bophelo ba hau ?
Qeto ea hore na liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng li ka u thusa hore u phele nako e telele ke ntho e tsotehang, esita le ho bafuputsi ba e fumaneng. Univesithi ea California, bafuputsi ba bophelo ba Riverside, Howard Friedman le Leslie Martin, ba ile ba hlahloba boitsebiso bo bokelitsoeng liphuputsong tsa lilemo tse 80 tsa batho ba 1 500.
Phuputso e entsoeng ka 1921 ke setsebi sa kelello Lewis Terman, ke e 'ngoe ea lithuto tsa nako e telele tse latelang batho ho tloha bongoaneng ho ea pele.
Hoo e ka Fumaneha
Baithuti ba lilemong tsa bo-60 ba ile ba botsoa lipotso tse tobileng mabapi le hore na ba ne ba bapala hangata joang le liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng Ka mor'a lilemo tse leshome le metso e mene bafuputsi ba hlahloba lintlha tsa lefu. Liphello li bontša hore ho sebelisana le liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ha hoa phetha karolo ea monyetla oa ho phela. Liphello li ne li le ts'oanang le ha Friedman le Martin ba hlahloba batho feela ba neng ba le bang ka sechabeng, bao kamano e haufi le phoofolo e ka bang bohlokoa haholo.
Bohlokoa ba Likamano
Friedman le Martin ba fihletse qeto ea hore ho kopana le batho ba bang motseng oa habo bona, ha e le hantle, ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba 'nako e telele. Liphuputso tsena li bonahala li sa lumellane le lintlha tse ling tse mabapi le bohlokoa ba likamano tsa sechaba bakeng sa batho ha li ntse li hōla. Ka mohlala, lipatlisiso tse hatisitsoeng ka 1980 li fumane hore tekanyo ea ho iphelisa ea selemo bakeng sa batho ba tsoang lefapheng la tlhokomelo ea tlhokomelo ea malapa e ne e le kholo ho ba nang le phoofolo ea lapeng.
Phuputso e senyehileng ho elella bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-1970 ke litsebi tsa kelello Ellen Langer le Judith Rodin ba fumane hore ho tlameha feela hore ho hlokomeloe setulo sa ntlo ho boloka lehae la batho ba hōlileng ba hlokang tlhokomelo ba thabileng le ba phelang nako e telele. Le hoja seo se fumanoe e le lebaka la ho fa baahi matla a ho laola tikoloho ea bona, ho latela hore boikutlo ba boikarabello le ho sebelisana maikutlong - maikutlo a tšoanang a amehang ho beng ba liphoofolo tsa liphoofolo - e ka 'na ea ikarabella bakeng sa bophelo bo ntlafetseng ba nako e telele.
Melemo ea Botsoalle ba Liphoofolo
Ka sebele ho kopana le liphoofolo ho fumanoe ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo - haeba e se bolelele ba bophelo. Mananeo a phekoloang ke liphoofolo a sebelisang liphoofolo tse ruuoang ke liphoofolo kapa masapo a phekolo a sebelisoa haholo lipetlele le mahaeng a tlhokomelo 'me a bontšitsoe ho ntlafatsa ho tepella maikutlong le bolutu ho batho ba hōlileng.
Japane, moo ho tšoenyeha ka litsela tse sa lumellaneng le ho loma ho bolokile mahae a tlhokomelo ho tloha ho sebelisa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng, liphoofolo tsa phekolo ea ho robotiki li 'nile tsa nkeloa sebaka ka katleho e ngata. Ka ho khetheha, Paro, tiiso ea robotiki e nang le boea ba maiketsetso le sefahleho se ratehang, se 'nile sa sebelisoa linaheng tse' maloa, ho kopanyelletsa le Japane, Denmark, Sweden, Italy le United States. Koranta ea 2011 e hatisitsoeng ka Gerontology e hlalosa ntlafatso ea ho tepella maikutlo ha baahi ba mahaeng a maqheku ba sebelisang tiiso ea robotiki.
Le hoja liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng li ka 'na tsa se ke tsa e-ba le tšusumetso e tobileng bophelong ba rōna ba nako e telele, batho ba itšetlehileng ka bona bakeng sa k'hamphani, setsoalle le lerato ha ho pelaelo hore ba tla ba le tšusumetso ea hore liphoofolo li be le bophelo bo botle ho sa tsotellehe lilemo tsa bona.
Lisebelisoa:
Friedman, HS le Martin, LR "Morero oa Lilemo tse Sekete: Lintho Tse Hlollang Tsa Bophelo le Bophelo bo Bolelele ho Thuto ea Landmark ea Lilemong tse Leshome le Metso e Mehlano." Penguin Books. March 2011.
Langer, Ellen J .; Rodin, Judith. "Liphello tsa boikhethelo le boikarabelo bo ntlafetseng ba batho ba tsofetseng: Tšimo ea liteko sebakeng sa maemo." Journal of Botho le Psychology, Vol 34 (2), Aug 1976, 191-198.
Marian R. Banks le William A. Banks. "Liphello tsa Phekolo ea Meriana e Thusoang ka Bolutu ho Batho ba Hōlileng ba Thusang Litšebeletso Tsa Nako e Telele." J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci (2002) 57 (7): M428-M432.
Robert J Behling, James Haefner, Michael Stowe. "Lenane la liphoofolo le Thepa ea Litlhapi ea Litlhapi Litšebeletsong Tsa Nako e Telele ea Illinois Lilemong tse Mashome a Mabeli hamorao (1990-2010)" Academy of Health Care Management Journal. Cullowhee: 2011. Vol. 7, Iss 2; pg. 109-118.
Takanori Shibata le Kazuyoshi Wada. "Phekolo ea Robot: Tsela e Ncha ea Bophelo bo Botle ba Melello ea Batho ba Hōlileng - Tlhahlobo ea Bobeli." Gerontology 2011; 57: 378-386. http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=ShowPDF&ArtikelNr=319015&Ausgabe=255319&ProduktNr=224091&filename=319015.pdf