Ho elella bofelong ba selemo sa 2017, American College of Cardiology (ACC) le American Heart Association (AHA), hammoho le mekhatlo e mengata e tummeng ea bongaka, e ile ea lokolla liphutheho tse ncha tsa tataiso ea khatello ea meriana .
Tsamaiso ena e ncha e ne e felile nako e telele. Pele ba lokolloa, lingaka li ne li leka ho sebetsa bonyane lihlopha tse 'nè tse fapaneng tsa tataiso, ho tsoa mekhatlong e sa tšoaneng, e fapaneng ho tloha ho e mong ka litsela tsa bohlokoa.
Melao-kholo ea 2017 e tšepisa ho fumana hoo e batlang e le mosebetsi oohle oa bongaka morao leqepheng le tšoanang le mabapi le khatello ea mokuli.
Melao-kholo ea 2017 e fapane ka litsela tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa ho tsoa melaong e fetileng ea khatello ea meriana,' me lingaka le batho ba ntseng ba hlahlojoa kapa ba phekoloa ka lebaka la khatello ea meriana ba lokela ho hlokomela lits'ebeletso tsena tse ncha.
Ke eng e ncha melaong ea 2017?
Lintlha tse ncha tsa tataiso ea 2017 li oela likarolong tse hlano tse akaretsang:
- New classification system ea khatello ea kelello
- Litlhahiso tse ncha bakeng sa ho hlahlojoa ke khatello ea meriana
- Ho nka kotsing ea bophelo bo botle ba pelo ha e etsa liqeto tsa phekolo
- Ho hatisa haholo mokhoa oa bophelo o fetohang ho phekola khatello ea meriana
- Litlhaselo tse tlaase tsa mali nakong ea phekolo
Mekhoa e mecha ea Mekhoa ea Motlakase
Pele ho mekhoa ea 2017, batho ba nang le khatello ea mali ea systolic ea 120-139 mmHg ba ne ba nkoa ba na le "khatello ea mali"; ba nang le khatello ea systolic ea 140-159 mmHg ba ne ba nkoa ba e-na le khatello ea meriana ea Stage 1; ba nang le khatello ea systolic ea 160 mmHg kapa holimo ho ne ho nkoa hore ba na le khatello ea meriana ea 2.
Lenaneo la likarolo tsa 2010, le itšetlehile ka liphello tsa liteko tse sa tsoa etsahala, li fokotsa menyako ea Mothati oa 1 le ea 2 khatello ea meriana, ka tsela e latelang:
- Hona joale khatello ea mali e hlalosoa e le systolic ea khatello ea mali ea 120-129 mmHg LE khatello ea mali ea diastolic e ka tlaase ho 80 mmHg.
- Mothati oa 1 oa khatello ea kelello e hlalosoa e le systolic ea khatello ea mali ea 130-139 mmHg kapa khatello ea diastolic ea 80-89 mmHg.
- Mothati oa bobeli oa khatello ea mali o hlalosoa e le systolic ea khatello ea mali ea 140 mm Hg kapa e phahameng OR khatello ea diastolic ea 90 mmHg kapa e phahameng.
Ha e le hantle, mekhoa ea 2017 e arola sehlopha sa pele sa "khatello ea mali" lihlopha tse peli. Halo e tlase e ntse e nkoa e le ho fokotsa mali, empa karolo e ka holimo (systolic blood pressure ea 130-139) joale e nkoa e le Stage 1 ea khatello ea meriana. Phetoho ena e entsoe hobane lintlha tse tsoang litekong tsa meriana hona joale li bontša hore batho ba nang le khatello ea mali kahare lena la 130-139 ba na le kotsing e kholo ea mathata a pelo, 'me khatello ea bona e phahameng ea mali e lokela ho rarolloa.
Litlhahiso tse Ncha tsa ho Hlahloba Khatello ea Kelello
Mantsoe a 2017 a nka bohloko ho bontša hore tsela eo khatello ea mali e 'nileng ea etsoa ka eona liofising tsa lingaka,' me tsela ea ho hatelloa ke khatello ea mali hangata e fumanoe, e tletse mathata.
Khatello ea mali ea batho e fetoloa haholo nakong ea letsatsi le tloaelehileng, ho itšetlehile ka boemo ba motho, ho imeloa kelellong, motlakase, maemo le lintho tse ling tse 'maloa tse ka fetohang ho tloha motsotso ho isa ho motsotso. Ka hona, e le hore u tsebe ho lekanya khatello ea mali, ke habohlokoa ho etsa joalo tlas'a maemo a laoloang ka hloko.
Tsela eo tataiso e ncha e latelang ka eona e hlalosa mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho lekanya khatello ea mali:
- Mokuli o lokela ho phutholoha ka ho feletseng, a lutse setulong (ka maoto a setulo le ka morao a tšehetsoa) bonyane metsotso e 5.
- Mokuli o lokela ho qoba caffeine, ho ikoetlisa le ho tsuba bonyane metsotso e 30 pele tekanyo e etsoa.
- Mokuli o lokela ho ba le senya e se nang letho.
- Mokuli eo kapa motho ea nang le khatello ea mali o lokela ho bua nakong ea phomolo kapa nakong ea nako.
- Liaparo tsohle tse koahelang sebaka sa khatello ea mali e lokela ho tlosoa. (Ha ho na khatello ea mali holim'a letsoho.)
- Haholo-holo, khatello ea mali ha ea lokela ho lekanyetsoa ha mokuli a lutse kapa a robetse tafoleng ea tlhahlobo.
- Bonyane litekanyo tse peli kapa tse 3 li lokela ho nkoa, bonyane liketsahalo tse peli kapa tse tharo tse fapaneng, 'me ka karolelano li balla li lokela ho sebelisoa ho hlahloba khatello ea meriana.
Mang kapa mang ea kileng a ea ofising ea ngaka lilemong tsa morao tjena o tla hlokomela hore tataiso ena ha e lateloe hangata. Leha ho le joalo, ho hlokahala hore li lateloe e le hore khatello ea mali e baloe e nepahetse. Kamehla sena se ne se le nnete, empa ke nnete haholo kajeno le tsamaiso e matla haholo ea likarolo tsa khatello ea meriana e khothalletsoang melaong ea 2017. Ntle le haeba khatello ea mali e lekanyetsoa tlas'a maemo a phomolo e khutsitseng, e nang le boiketlo e hlalositsoeng ho tsena, tataiso ea hore khatello ea mali e tla phahamisoa.
Ho phaella moo, mekhoa ea 2017 e khothaletsa hore haeba khatello ea mokuli e fumanoa tliliniking ho sebelisa mehato ena e hlokolosi ea litekanyo, khatello ea mali e lokela ho lekanyetsoa ka mokhoa oa ho emisa pele ho elelloa hore o na le khatello ea meriana e matla.
Ho nka Kotsi e Feteletseng ea Motlakase ho Aika
Le hoja batho bao khatello ea mali ea methapo ea mali e pakeng tsa 130-139 mmHg hona joale ba khetholloa e le ho ba le khatello ea meriana ea Stage 1 ho e-na le ho imeloa ke mali pele ho nako, mekhoa ea 2017 e khothalletsa ho nka kotsi ea bona ea pelo eohle e le tlaleho pele ba etsa qeto ea hore na ba ka e phekola joang kapa che.
Ha ho hakanngoa kotsi ea kakaretso ea batho ba nang le khatello ea meriana ea Stage 1, mekhoa ea 2017 e khothaletsa ho sebelisa k'hamphani ea ACC / AHA Pooled Cohort Equations risk calculator. Moqapi ona o hakanya kotsi ea lilemo tse leshome ea lefu la pelo ka botsofali, morabe, ho kopanela liphate, lichelete tsa k'holeseterole , khatello ea mali ea systolic, lefu la tsoekere le histori ea ho tsuba, le phekolo leha e le efe ea k'holeseterole le khatello ea mali. Haeba kotsing ea lilemo tse 10 e thehiloe kotsing ena ea kotsi e hakanyetsoa ho feta karolo ea 10 lekholong, joale ho phekoloa kalafo ea lithethefatsi bakeng sa khatello ea meriana ea Mothapo oa 1.
Haeba kotsi ea bona ea lilemo tse 10 e le tlase ho feta karolo ea 10 lekholong, batho ba nang le khatello ea meriana ea Stage 1 ba lokela ho phekoloa ka liphetoho tsa bophelo, joaloka ba nang le khatello ea pele ea mali.
Batho ba nang le khatello ea meriana ea 2 ba tla lula ba hloka phekolo ea lithethefatsi .
Ho hatisa liphetoho tsa bophelo
Bakeng sa mang kapa mang ea na le khatello ea mali ea pele, kapa Mohato oa 1 kapa Stage ea khatello ea meriana ea 2, liphetoho tsa mekhoa ea bophelo li hatisoa e le motheo oa phekolo ka tataiso ea 2017.
Liphetoho tsa bophelo bo khothaletsoeng li kenyeletsa boikoetliso bo bongata (bonyane metsotso e 30 ea boikoetliso bonyane ka makhetlo a mararo ka beke), lijo tsa DASH-style, ho fokotsa lijo tsa sodium , ho khaotsa ho tsuba , ho lahleheloa ke boima, le ho fokotsa joala ho feta seno se le seng ka letsatsi basali le lino tse peli ka letsatsi bakeng sa banna.
Likarolo tse tlaase tsa khatello ea mali
Mantsoe a 2017 a totobatsa hore sepheo sa phekolo ea khatello ea mali e lokela ho ba khatello ea systolic ea ka tlase ho 130 mmHg, le khatello ea diastolic e ka tlaase ho 80 mmHg.
Sepheo sena se fokotsehile ho feta sepheo se hlalositsoeng ke tataiso e fetileng, tseo boholo ba tsona e leng sepheo sa khatello ea mali ea systolic e ka tlaase ho 140 mm Hg bakeng sa batho ba bangata. Melao e meng e fetileng e ile ea khothalletsa bakuli ba hōlileng haholoanyane, ho buella pakane ea phekolo ea 150 mmHg kapa tlase.
Sepheo se secha sa phekolo ea ka tlaase ho 130 mmHg kapa ka tlase, bakeng sa batho ba hōlileng le bakeng sa batho bohle, se ne se thehiloe liphellong tsa liteko tse ncha, tse kholoanyane tsa likliniki tse bontšitseng liphello tse ntlafetseng tsa batho ba lilemo tsohle tse tšoaroang lipheo tse tlaase.
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho
Mantsoe a 2017 a ts'oaetso ea meriana ea mali a emela ho kopanya le ho ntlafatsoa ha lihlopha tse 'maloa tsa tataiso tse tsoang lihlopha tse' maloa tsa litsebi, tse reretsoeng ho fumana lingaka tse sebetsanang le khatello ea meriana kaofela leqepheng le le leng. Ho na le liphetoho mekhoeng ea 2017 e tla nka ho tloaeleha, ka bobeli ho hlahlojoa le mokhoa oa phekolo ea khatello ea meriana. Leha ho le joalo, li thehiloe bopaking bo tiileng ba bongaka, 'me li lokela ho amoheloa ke lingaka tse ngata.
Haeba u e-na le liteko tsa khatello ea mokuli kapa u ntse u hlahlojoa, e tla ba maikutlo a matle ho buisana le ngaka ea hau ka tataiso ena e ncha, ho netefatsa hore ho hlahloba ha hao ke ntho e nepahetseng, mme morero oa hau oa phekolo o molemo ho uena.
> Mehloli:
> Muntner P, Carey RM, Gidding S, et al. Tšusumetso ea baahi ba US ea Koleji ea Amerika ea 2017 ea Cardiology / American Heart Association High Blood Pressure Guideline. Tsamaiso 2017; DOI: 10.1161 / CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032582.
> Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. 2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APHA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA Tataiso ea Thibelo, Tlhahlobo, Tlhahlobo le Tlhokomelo ea Ts'oaetso e Phahameng ea Mali ho Batho ba baholo: Tlaleho ea American College of Cardiology / American Mokhatlo oa lipelo tsa Mesebetsi Mosebetsi oa Litlhahiso tsa Mokhoa oa Mantsoe a Bophelo. Hypertension 2017; DOI: 10.1161 / HYP.0000000000000066.
> Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. 2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APHA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA Tataiso ea Thibelo, Tlhahlobo, Tlhahlobo le Tlhokomelo ea Ts'oaetso e Phahameng ea Mali ho Batho ba baholo: Tlaleho ea American College of Cardiology / American Mokhatlo oa lipelo tsa Mesebetsi Mosebetsi oa Litlhahiso tsa Mokhoa oa Mantsoe a Bophelo. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; DOI: 10.1016 / j.jacc.2017.11.005.