Ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe eo U Lokelang ho e Tseba ka Tsamaiso ea Endocrine
Tsamaiso ea endocrine e na le li-gland tse ngata tse teng 'meleng oohle. Li-gland tsena li sireletsa li-hormone - manģosa a lik'hemik'hale a bontšang 'mele hore o etse mesebetsi ea bohlokoa, hangata e amahanngoa le khōlo le metabolism.
Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea litšoelesa ka har'a tsamaiso ea endocrine.
Litšoelesa tsa endocrine li kenyelletsa li-pancreas, thyroid, pituitary le li-gland tsa li-adrenal.
Ba senya lihomone tsa bona ka ho toba maling, moo ba isoa setšeng sa ketso.
Litšoelesa tsa Exocrine li sireletsa li-hormone tsa tsona ka ho toba mokhoeng. Mehlala ea litšoelesa tsa exocrine li kenyelletsa li-gland tsa sebaceous, mammary, li-salivary le tse fokolang lijo.
Li-hormone li sebetsa joang?
Matšoao a mangata a endocrine a nahanela ho kenngoa ha lihomone tseo ba li hlahisang kapa ntho e li etsang. Haeba mahlaseli a hormone kapa ntho e tlaase e le e tloaelehileng ka nako eo e tloaelehileng, ka tloaelo e tla etsa hore ho be le sekhahla. Haeba mahloriso a phahame, a tla emisa tlhahiso ea hormone. Sena ke seo ho thoeng ke tsamaiso e mpe ea maikutlo. Litšoelesa tsa endocrine li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ka ho toba ka ho tsosoa ha letsoalo.
Ha li-receptor lisele tsa seleng tsa mokokotlo oa endocrine li ts'oaroa ke hormone e itseng, tlhaselo ea lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale e hlahisoa ka har'a seleng. Li-receceptors le li-hormone li totobetse haholo.
Mofuta o le mong feela oa hormone o tla lumellana le mofuthu o amohelitsoeng. Haeba hormone e sa nepahalang e leka ho kenella ho e amohelang, ha ho na ho itšoara ho tla etsahala.
Li-glands tsa Endocrine le li-Hormone tseo li li hlahisang
Pituitary Gland - Sena se atisa ho bitsoa "master gland" ka lebaka la bongata ba mesebetsi e amanang le metabolism le tlhokomelo ea homeostasis.
Ho na le li-lobe tse peli tsa pituitary: ea pele le ea morao.
Lobe ea khale e hlahisa lihomone tse ngata tse kenyeletsang:
- Prolactin
- Hormone ea ho hōla
- Hormone e susumetsang li-hormone
- Luteinizing hormone
- Thyroid e susumetsang hormone
- Adrenocorticotropin hormone
Likhoebo tsa morao-rao li pata:
- Hormone ea anti-diuretic
- Oxytocin
Hypothalmus - The hypothalmus ke karolo e nyenyane ea boko e haufi haholo le mohala oa pituitary. E laola li-hormone tsa pituitary ka ho lokolla lihomone tse susumetsang kapa tse thibelang ho lokolloa. Ka mohlala, hypothalamus e pata gonadotropin e lokollang hormone, e etsang hore ho hlahisoe li-gonadotropins (follicone e susumetsang hormone le luteinizing hormone) ke pituitary. E boetse e hlahisa corticotrophin e lokolla hormone, thyrotropin e lokolla hormone, le hormone ea ho hōla e lokollang hormone.
Thymus - Gland e sebelisoang haholo-holo bongoaneng, thymus e boloka li-hormone tse thusang sesole sa 'mele hore se hlahe. Ho pholletsa le nako ea bocha, mafura a eona a nkeloa sebaka ke mafura 'me ha a sa hlokahala bakeng sa ho itšireletsa mafung.
Pineal Gland - Ena ke lesela le lenyenyane le ka hare ho boko bo bolokang melatonin. Melatonin e fumanoe e le ho laola potoloho ea ho robala.
Thyroid - Thyroid ke lesela le fumanoang karolong ea moea e ka pele ea molaleng.
E hlahisa thyroxin (T4) le tri-iodothyronine (T3), e tsebahalang ho laola metabolism. E boetse e pata calcitonin , e thusang ho laola lik'halsiamo.
Parathyroid - Litšoelesa tse 'nè tse nang le qoqotho li etsa hore e be parathyroid. Li hlahisa hormone ea parathyroid . Sephiri sa eona se laola lik'halsiamo le phosphorus 'meleng.
Li-Glands tsa Adrenal - Ho na le litšoelesa tse peli tsa adrenal, e 'ngoe e ka holim'a liphio ka' ngoe. Tse ling tsa litšoelesa li arotsoe likarolo tse peli, cortex le medulla, tse nang le mesebetsi e fapaneng haholo.
Li-hormone tse hlahisoang ke cortex ke tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa bophelo 'me li kenyeletsa li-glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids le tse ling tsa lihomone tsa thobalano, joaloka androgens le li -estrogen tse seng kae.
Adrenal medulla e boloka li-hormone tseo e seng tsa bohlokoa bophelong 'me li kenyelletsa epinephrine le norepinephrine.
Pancreas - Lik'hamera ke lesela le leholo ka mpeng le bolokang insulin le glucagon. Li-hormone tsena tse peli li bohlokoa ho laola le ho boloka tsoekere e tloaelehileng ea tsoekere ea mali. Glucagon e susumetsa sebete ho ntša tsoekere e ngata 'meleng, athe insulin e etsa hore lisele tsa' mele li nke tsoekere e eketsehileng.
Mae a bomme - A fumanoa feela ho basali, litšoelesa tsena tse peli tse nyenyane li hlahisa estrogen, progesterone le inhibin. Estrogen le progesterone ke tsona li-hormone tsa pele tsa thobalano tse ikarabellang bakeng sa litšobotsi tse ngata tsa basali ba bobeli ba thobalano. Inhibin ke hormone e laolang boholo ba hormone e susumetsang batho, e laolang tsoelo-pele ea mahe.
Liteko - Tse ling tsa litšoelesa tse fumanehang ho banna feela, likarolo tsa teste secrete testosterone, hormone e ka sehloohong e ikarabellang bakeng sa litšobotsi tsa banna ba bobeli ba thobalano.
Ho Etsahala'ng ka Mathata a Endocrine?
Nako le nako ha e 'ngoe ea lihomone tsena e sa lekane, mekhoa e meng e mengata, litšoelesa le lihomone li ka ameha. Basali ba nang le lefu la ovary ea polycystic , mohlala, ba ka 'na ba bontša liphetoho tse teng ho follicone e susumetsang, hormone ea luteinizing, androgens (testosterone) le insulin, e leng se ka amang maemo a estrogen a hae. Liphetoho tsa leha e le efe tsa lihomone tsena li ka baka liphetoho boima, metabolism le matla a maholo.
Lisebelisoa:
SEER Training Modules, The Endocrine System. US Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. E fihliloe ka la 28 Nov, 2009. http://training.seer.cancer.gov
Tsamaiso ea Endocrine: Maloetse, Mefuta ea lihomone le ho feta. Motheo oa Hormone. E fihlile ka la 28 Nov, 2009. http://www.hormone.org/endo101.