Anemia, Neutropenia & Thrombocytopenia
Ho nyelisoa ha 'mele oa bone ho bolela ho fokotseha ha bokhoni ba masapo ho hlahisa lisele. Motso oa masapo ke "matla" ao ho hlahisoang le ho fana ka lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le liplatelete ho tšehetsa 'mele.
Liphello
Ha mokotla oa bone o hatelloa, o sitoa ho fana ka 'mele ka lisele tsa mali tse lekaneng.
E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea mefuta ena ea lisele tsa mali e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa haholo 'meleng:
- Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali - Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li na le hemoglobin e nkang oksijene seleng e 'ngoe le e' ngoe 'meleng,' me e khutlisetsa carbon dioxide matšoafong hore e phethoe. Haeba ho se na lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse fanang ka oksijene likarolong tsohle tsa 'mele, lisele tsa lefutso le lefu li etsahala, mokhoa o bitsoang hypoxia . Ntho e fokolitsoeng ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali e bitsoa anemia .
- Lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali - Lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali (tse tsejoang hape e le leukocytes) ke tšireletso ea 'mele ea rona, e re sireletsa libaktheria, likokoana-hloko le lintho tse ling tse tsoang linaheng tse ling, esita le lisele tsa kankere. Ho haella ha lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali ho bitsoa leukopenia . Le kankere, o tla utloa ka neutropenia. Neutropenia e bolela ho haella ha mofuta o itseng oa sele e tšoeu ea mali e tsejoang e le neutrophils . Li-neutrophils li phetha karolo e kholo ho re sireletsa ho libaktheria le likokoana-hloko, 'me ha ho se na linomoro tse lekaneng, re na le tšoaetso ea tšoaetso.
- Platelet - Li-Platelets li ikarabella ho bōpa mali a mali. Haeba re haelloa ke liphaleleteng, mali a rona ha a khone ho koala ka ho lekaneng ha re khaola kapa re tsoa likotsi. Bothata bona ha bo bitsoa thrombocytopenia .
Ke Eng e Etsang Hore e be Nakong ea Khemotherapy?
Chemotherapy e etselitsoe ho bolaea lisele tse hōlang kapele tse kang lisele tsa kankere empa li ama lisele tsohle tse hōlang ka potlako.
Sena se kenyelletsa lisele tsa mefuta e meng ea moriri, moriana oa masapo le bone la masapo. Ha lisele tsena tsa masapo li senngoa, li sitoa ho ikatisa le ho fetoha mefuta e fapaneng ea lisele tsa mali.
Lisele tsohle tsa mali li qala ka sele e tloaelehileng e tsejoang e le sele ea stem ea hematopoietic. Ka mokhoa o tsejoang e le hematopoiesis, masea a bakoang "a khetheha" 'me a fetoha lisele tsa mali tse kenyelletsang lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le liplatelete.
Matšoao
Matšoao a ho fokotseha ha mongobo a itšetlehile ka mofuta oa lisele tsa mali tse amehang 'me o tla hlalosoa ka tlase tlas'a mofuta o mong le o mong oa sele ea mali. Ka kakaretso, ho haella ha lisele tsa mali ho fella ka mokhathala le bofokoli.
Tsejoa
K'hemotherapy pele le ka morao, ngaka ea hau e tla laela palo e feletseng ea mali (CBC) , ho bona hore na efe kapa efe ea mali ea hau e tlaase. Tlhahlobo e eketsehileng le phekolo e tla itšetleha ka hore na, ha e le efe, ea tsona, e tlaase.
Chemotherapy-E na le Phokolo ea Mali
Ntho e fokotsehileng ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali nakong ea chemotherapy e bitsoa khaello ea mali e bakoang ke chemotherapy. Ha ho e-na le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse khubelu bakeng sa ho jara oksijene liseleng, matšoao a fella. Matšoao a phokolo ea mali a ka kenyelletsa:
- Mokhathala
- Lightheadedness kapa molichaba
- Ponahalo e lerootho
- Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane
- Lebelo la pelo le potlakileng
Ho itšetlehile ka boemo ba lisele tsa hao tse khubelu tsa mali, ngaka ea hau e ka u tiisetsa hore phokolo ea mali e tla ntlafala ka mor'a hore u etsoe ka chemotherapy, kapa e ka khothalletsa phekolo ka meriana ho susumetsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, ho fana ka tšepe ea tšepe, kapa ho khothalletsa tšelo ea mali . Phokolo ea mali ke sesosa se ka phekolehang sa mokhathala, kahoo li-oncologists li shebane le sena nakong ea phekolo. Ka bomalimabe, ho na le lisosa tse ngata tsa mokhathala oa kankere , le phokolo ea mali ke e 'ngoe ea tsona.
Chemotherapy-E entsoe ka Neutropenia
Mefuta e tlaase ea mofuta oa lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali tse tsejoang e le neutrophils nakong ea chemotherapy e bitsoa neutropenia e bakoang ke chemotherapy .
Mefuta eohle e sa tšoaneng ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali e ka 'na ea ameha ka ho hatelloa ha mofu oa masapo, empa ho fokotsa palo ea li-neutrophils ke habohlokoa haholo ho phahamisa kotsi ea tšoaetso. Bongata ba matšoao a neutropenia a amana le mafu a hlahang 'me a ka kenyelletsa:
- Feberu e feta 100.5 F.
- Lipere
- Ho tsuba
- Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane
- Bofubelu kapa metsi a pota-potileng kotsi kapa keno ea 'mele e kang Port kapa IV line
Nakong ea chemotherapy, ngaka ea hau e tla u eletsa hore u qobe maemo a ka bakang tšoaetso, joalo ka ho qeta nako le batho ba kulang kapa ba reka mabenkeleng a mangata. Haeba palo ea hao e tšoeu e le tlaase haholo, a ka 'na a khothalletsa hore phekolo ea hau e latelang ea chemotherapy e liehe, kapa e fana ka meriana e thusang ho thibela tšoaetso kapa ho susumetsa tlhahiso ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali. Meriana e kang Neupogen kapa Neulasta e na le liente tse etsang hore ho thehoe le ho lokolloa ha lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali ho tloha lefung. Maemong a mang, ba tla fuoa khafetsa e le ho boloka palo ea hao e tšoeu e tloaelehile nakong ea chemotherapy.
Chemotherapy-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Kaha li-platelet li na le boikarabelo ba ho khaola mali, palo e tlaase ea platelet e ka fella ka ho tsoa mali. Palo e tlaase ea platelet ka lebaka la chemotherapy e bitsoa thrombocytopenia e bakoang ke chemotherapy. Lipontšo tsa thrombocytopenia li kenyeletsa:
- Ho lla habonolo
- Petechiae - matheba a khubelu letlalong la hao le lule le khubelu esita le ha o beha khatello ho bona
- Bohloko bo kopaneng le ba mesifa
- Mali ka morong oa hau kapa likoti
- Nako e boima ea khoeli
Haeba palo ea platelet ea hau e le tlaase haholo kapa u na le mathata a ho tsoa mali, ngaka ea hau e ka 'na ea khothaletsa tšelo ea platelet kapa meriana ho susumelletsa mokoallo oa hao ho etsa liplatelete tse eketsehileng. Haeba u thahasella, u ka ithuta ho eketsehileng mabapi le ho sebetsana ka katleho le thrombocytopenia e bakoang ke chemotherapy .
Litlhahiso tsa ho sebetsana le boemo
Sehlopha sa hau sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo se tla hlahloba lintlha tsa mali le ho khothaletsa phekolo haeba tsena li le tlaase haholo, empa ho na le lintho tse ngata tseo u ka li etsang ho itlhokomela ka nako ena:
- Ithute ho hlatsoa matsoho a hao hantle - Lithuto li re bolella hore boholo ba batho - esita le litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle - u se ke ua hlatsoa matsoho ka tsela e molemo ka ho fetisisa ea ho lula u sireletsehile nakong ea chemotherapy.
- Bitsa ngaka ea hao ka matšoao a tšoaetso, a kang feberu e fetang 100.5 F, ho khohlela, ho tsuba, phefumoloho e khutšoanyane, kapa bohloko ba ho ntša metsi
- Phomola ha u ikutloa u khathetse
- Ema hanyane ka mor'a hore u phomole
- Qoba meriana e kang aspirin le ibuprofen e ka eketsang mali
- Hlokomela ka ho khetheha ho qoba maemo ao u ka khaoang kapa ho lematsoa ka 'ona
Lisebelisoa:
Mokhatlo oa Kankere oa Amerika. Matšoao ho Batho ba nang le Kankere. E fihlile ka 03/08/16. http://www.cancer.org/treatment/leferefereferefatsong/ephephetsoengfatsong/fats'eetlheng ea batho ba nang le ts'ebetso / lik'homphieutha le batho ba nang le ts'ebetso / tlhōlisano.
Cella D. Boleng ba bophelo le lisebelisoa tsa bongaka lefats'eng la phekolo ea mali ea chemotherapy. Oncology (Williston Park) . 2006. 20 (8 Tlhaloso ea 6): 25-8.
Crea, F. le al. Tlhaloso ea Pharmacologic bakeng sa mathoasong a G-GSF prophylaxis ho bakuli ba kankere le karolo ea pharmacogenetics ho ntlafatsa phekolo. Tlhahlobo e Bohlokoa ho Oncology / Hematology . 2008. Dec 24. (Epub pele ea khatiso).
Hensley, M. et al. Mokhatlo oa American of Clinical Oncology 2008 litlhahiso tsa mekhoa ea litšebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle: tšebeliso ea chemotherapy le litlhare tse thibelang mahlaseli. Journal of Clinical Oncology . 2009. 27 (1): 127-45.
Pascoe, J. le N. Steven. Li-antibiotics bakeng sa ho thibela febrile neutropenia. Maikutlo a Hona joale a Hematology . 2009. 16 (1): 48-52
Lefapha la Bophelo le Lits'ebeletso tsa Botho tsa United States. Setsi sa Sechaba sa Bophelo. Mokhatlo oa National Heart Lung le Mali oa Mokhatlo oa Mali le Maemo Index. Anemia. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 05/18/12. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/anemia/.