Ho na le lintho tse likete tse kenngoa lijong tse fapa-fapaneng ka morero oa ho mebala, ho monate le ho boloka. Hangata li-additives ke karoloana e nyane feela ea lijo empa palo e nyenyane ea tsona e belaelloa hore e bakile likarolo tse sa tšoaneng tsa maikutlo.
Lijo tse ling tsa lijo
Lijo tse ling tsa lijo li kenyelletsa lihlopha tse latelang:
- Lijo tsa lijo le li-coloring (tse kang tartrazine, annatto, le carmine)
- Antioxidants (tse kang BHA le BHT)
- Li-emulsifiers le li-stabilizers (tse kang likhama le lecithin)
- Litebelisoa tse matlafatsang le tse latsoang (tse kang MSG, linoko le sweeteners)
- Li-preservatives (tse kang benzoates, nitrates, le sulfites)
Tsamaiso ea Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi (FDA) e boloka lethathamo la lisebelisoa tsohle tsa lijo tse sebelisoang hona joale United States.
Tšenyo ea Liketso ho Lijo tse Eketsehileng le Li-Preservative
Kaha ho ka etsahala hore likarolo tse ngata tsa likarolo tsa lijo ha li fumanoe, tekanyo e nepahetseng ea liketso ha e tsejoe. Leha ho le joalo, ho thuto e le 'ngoe ea baahi, ketsahalo e ne e le feela karolo ea 0,23 lekholong.
Likarabo Tse ka 'Nang Tsa Etsahala e le Sepheo sa Lijo tse Eketsehileng tsa Lijo
Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea liphello tse bohloko tse ka hlahang ka lebaka la lijo tse ling. Tse ling tsa liphello tsena li bontša hore sesosa se bakoang, athe tse ling tse ngata ha li bonahale li le khahlanong, empa ho e-na le ho se mamellane kapa kutloisiso. Litlaleho tsa liphello tsa lihlahisoa tsa lijo li kenyelelitse tse latelang:
- Liketso tsa letlalo:
- Urticaria / angioedema (hives)
- Dermatitis e kholo
- Ho rohakana
- Ho hlatsoa
- Flushing
- Liphetoho tsa meriana:
- Mahlaba a mpa
- Ho senya / ho hlatsa
- Letšollo
- Boitšoaro ba ho hema:
- Matšoao a li-asthma
- Ho tsuba
- Rhinitis
- Liketso tsa musculoskeletal:
- Maqhubu a mesifa
- Joint aches
- Mokhathala
- Bofokoli
- Liketso tsa neurologic:
- Boitšoaro le maikutlo a fetoha
- Mathata a ho se tsotelle / ho se ts'oanehe (ADHD)
- Migraine hlooho ea hlooho
- Boitšoaro
- Likarabo tsa pelo:
- Lipalangoang
- Arrhythmias
Ho lemoha Mefuta ea phekolo ea phepo ea lijo tse eketsehileng
Ho fumanoa hore ho na le lintho tse ngata tseo u li fumaneng lijong tse lokiselitsoeng kapa ha u ja lireschorente, empa ha u na lijo tse lokiselitsoeng lapeng. Lijo tse fapaneng tse bonahalang li sa kopane li ka 'na tsa e-ba le metsoako e tloaelehileng, e kang li-colorings tsa lijo kapa li-preservative.
Hang ha ho nahanoa hore ho na le ts'ebetso ea ho eketsa lijo, ho hlahlojoa ha tlhahlobo (ho sebelisa tlhahlobo ea letlalo kapa RAST) ho ka khoneha bakeng sa lintho tse itseng tsa tlhaho tse kang annatto, carmine le safrone. Tlhahlobo ea lisebelisoa tsa motsoako ha e khonehe kapa e ka tšeptjoa, kahoo teko ea lijo tse sa bolokeheng tse sa sireletsang li ka tšehetsa ho hlahlojoa ha lijo tse hlahisoang ke lijo.
Maemong a mangata, tsela e le 'ngoe feela ea ho lemoha e le kannete hore ho na le tšusumetso e mpe ea lisebelisoa tsa lijo ke ho tobana le phephetso ea molomo le motho ea belaellang hore o tlatsetsa tlasa tlhokomelo e haufi ea motho e mong le e mong.
Mathata a mangata a lijo
Tsena ke tse robong tse tsejoang ka ho fetisisa tse nang le bothata ba lijo tse ka 'nang tsa etsa hore motho a fokotsehe kapa a utloe bohloko:
1. Tartrazine
E boetse e tsejoa e le FD & C Yellow No. 5, ho nahanoa hore tartrazine ke eona sesosa sa liketso tse ngata, tse kang urticaria (hives), asthma le boloetse bo bong.
Liphuputso tsa morao-rao li hantsitse khopolo ea hore aspirin-allergenic asthmatics e ne e hlile e na le bothata ba tartrazine. Liphuputso tse ling li bontša karolo ea tartrazine e le ho mpefala ha dermatitis ea atopic. FDA e re e ka baka maheba, empa sena ke sa tloaelehang haholo mme se etsahala ka tlase ho motho a le mong ho batho ba 10 000.
2. Carmine
Carmine ke 'mala o khubelu oa lijo o entsoeng ka likokoanyana tse omisitsoeng tse bitsoang Dactylopius coccus costa tse ka fumanoang limela tse nang le pearate tsa peite. Mbala ena e boetse e fumanoa mefuteng e sa tšoaneng ea litlolo, lino, likarate tse khubelu le popsicles. Liphetoho ho carmine li kenyelletsa anaphylaxis le asthma ea mosebetsi 'me mohlomong e bakoa ke li-antibodies tse fokolang.
3. Annatto
Annatto ke 'mala oa mosehla o entsoeng ka peō ea sefate sa Amerika Boroa, Bixia Orellana . Sekhahla sena se fumanoe se baka likotsi, ho akarelletsa anaphylaxis le urticaria / angioedema.
4. Antioxidants
Li-antioxidants tse kang BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) le BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) li kenngoa ho thibela tšenyo ea mafura le oli. Bobeli ba BHA le BHT ba belaelloa hore ba bakile urticaria le angioedema (mahae).
5. Emulsifiers le Stabilizers
Li-emulsifiers: Lecithin ke emulsifier e entsoeng ka li-soya le mahe 'me e ka ba le liprotheine tsa soya. Liphetoho ho lecithin ea soy ha li fumanehe, esita le ho batho ba fokolang letsoai, kaha boemo ba sekhahla sena hangata bo tlaase haholo lijong tse ngata.
Lintja: Mefuta e sa tšoaneng e sebelisoa e le lijo tse eketsang lijo ebile e sebetsa e le li-emulsifiers le stabilizers. Li-gum tse kholo li kenyelletsa guar, tragacanth, xanthan, carrageenan, leoka (Searabia) le linaoa tsa litsie. Tse ngata tsa meno ena li tsebahala hore li mpefala haholoanyane, haholo-holo mosebetsing, ha li fofa. Tse ling li tsejoa ka ho etsa hore motho a fokotsehe ha a le teng lijong. Guar gum e ka baka anaphylaxis e matla.
6. Monosodium Glutamate
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) ke tatso ea tatso e ekelitsoeng lijong tse fapa-fapaneng, hape e hlaha ka tlhaho. Liphetoho ho MSG li 'nile tsa bitsoa "Chinese Restaurant Syndrome,"' me matšoao a kenyeletsa ho senyeha ka morao ho molala, mahetleng le matsoho, bofokoli, le ho otla. Matšoao a mang a kenyelletsa khatello ea sefahleho / boima, ho opeloa ke hlooho, ho nyeheloa ke pelo, bohloko ba sefuba le ho otsela. MSG e boetse e belaelloa hore e mpefatsa matšoao a asthma.
7. linoko
Lijo tse monate ke karolo e nkhang hamonate ea mofoka o sa tšoaneng, lipalesa, metso, barks le lifate. Hobane li tsoa ho limela, linoko li na le bokhoni ba ho baka likotsi, ho tšoana le pollens, litholoana le meroho. Mefuta e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa e sebelisoang e kenyelletsa lepelepele, celery, caraway, sinamone, coriander, konofolo, maqeba, onion, paprika, parsley le pepere. Phuputso e 'ngoe e ile ea fana ka tlhahiso ea hore ho itšoara hamonate mohlomong ho sa hlokomeloe.
8. Aspartame
Aspartame ke monate o monate o sebelisoang lijong tse ngata tse se nang tsoekere le lino tse ngata. Ho nahanoa hore lijo tsena tsa lijo li etsa hore matšoao a joalo a kang hlooho ea hlooho ea pelo, ho tšoaroa ke maikutlo le urticaria.
9. Sulfites
Li-sulfite kapa li-sulfate (ka mofuta oa sodium sulfite, bisulfite ea sodium, metabisulfite ea sodium, potassium bisulfite le metabisulfite ea potassium) ke li-preservative tse tloaelehileng tse sebelisoang lijong tse sa tšoaneng le meriana. Li-sulfite ha li bake mathata a mangata ho batho ba bangata ba se nang meno le phumama , esita le ha chelete e ngata e fepa. Litsebi li lumellana hore li-sulfite li ka eketsa matšoao a asthma hoo e ka bang karolo ea 3 lekholong ho ea ho 10 lekholong ea batho ba baholo ba asthmatics, haholo-holo ho batho ba baholo ba tšoeroeng ke lefu le matla. Li-sulfite li ka boela tsa baka banaphylaxis palo e nyenyane ea batho.
Kalafo ea ho Fokolloa ke Mofuta ho Etsa Lijo tse Eketsehileng tsa Lijo le Li-Preservative
Likarabo tse ngata ho lihlahisoa tsa lijo, tse kang MSG, li bonolo ebile li rarolla ntle le kalafo. Liketso tse matla haholo, tse kenyelletsang urticaria, angioedema, ho senyeha ha asthma, le anaphylaxis ho ka hloka tlhokomelo ea meriana hang-hang. Liphetoho tsena li tšoaroa ka tsela e tšoanang le ea lijo tse ling tsa lijo. Haeba maikutlo a le matla, ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore u itokiselletse ho arabela ka matla , joaloka ho jara epinephrine e nang le kankere le ho apara ngaka ea tlhokomelo ea bongaka.
Ho seng joalo, ts'ebetso e kholo ea phekolo bakeng sa batho ba nang le liphello tse bohloko ho lijo tse ling tsa lijo ke ho qoba ho hlahisa lijo tse tlatsetsang.
> Mehloli:
> Chen JL, Bahna SL. Likokoana-hloko tsa mefuta-futa. Annals ea mafu a ho kula, Pherekano le Immunology . September 2011; 107 (3): 191-9. doi: 10.1016 / j.anai.2011.06.020.
> Simon RA. Liphetoho tsa litlhaselo le tsa tlhaho tsa tlhaho ho Lijo tse ling tsa lijo. E maemong. E fetotsoe ka la 4 Mayi, 2017.
> Tsamaiso ea US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Tlhaloso ea Lijo tsa Lijo, Li-Additives & Colours. Lekhotla la Machaba la Boitsebiso ba Lijo (IFIC) le US Administration of Drug and Drug Administration. E fetotsoe ka la 2 December, 2014.
> Vally H, Misso NL. Likarabo tse mpe ho Li-additi tsa Sulphite. Gastroenterology le Hepatology Ho tloha betheng ho ea ho bench . 2012; 5 (1): 16-23.