Ho na le lisosa tse 'maloa tsa' dementia '. Lisosa tse ling li khutlisetsoa morao, tse kang ho tšoaroa ke hlooho, meriana e itseng, le mathata a ts'oaetso. Lisosa tse ling ha li fetohe 'me ho tseba hore na ke mofuta ofe oa mokuli oa' dementia 'o ka thusang li-hysician hore li hlokomele tlhokomelo ea tsona ka nepo.
Maloetse a Alzheimer
Alzheimer's ke sesosa se ka sehloohong sa 'dementia'. E ikarabella hoo e batlang e le karolo ea boraro ea linyeoe tsa 'dementia' .
Alzheimer's ke lefu le tsoelang pele le khetholloang ke ho boloka liprotheine bokong ka mokhoa oa li-plaque le maqhubu.
Bo-rasaense ba ntse ba leka ho fumana hore na ke eng e bakang Alzheimer's. Botsofali, histori ea lelapa , le maemo a bophelo a kang ho tsuba ho bonahala ho ama kotsi ea motho ea ho hlahisa Alzheimer's.
2. Dementia ea Vascular
Bothata ba 'methapo ea' dementia ' ke bobeli bo bakoang ke' dementia '. E bakoa ke ho fokotseha ha mali ho ea boong ho tsoa ho thibelo e fokolang kapa e feletseng ea methapo ea mali e hlokang lisele tsa mali tsa oksijene le limatlafatsi tsa bohlokoa. Bothata ba 'dementia' bo ka bakoa ke lichapo tse nyenyane tse ngata, lefu le leholo le le leng, lefu la tsoekere kapa khatello ea meriana.
3. Frontotemporal Dementia
Bothata ba pele-pele ba dementia (FTD) bo khetholloa ke ho atrophy kapa ho senyeheloa ke lobes ea pele le ea nako ea boko ha ho se na Alzheimer's. Hangata e hlaha pele ho lefu la Alzheimer le qala ho hlaha pakeng tsa lilemo tse 35 le 75.
E tsoela pele ka potlako ho feta Alzheimer's 'me e na le nako e khutšoanyane ea bophelo. FTD e ka 'na ea ba le liphatsa tsa lefutso empa bo-rasaense ba ntse ba sa tsebe hantle hore na lebaka le totobetseng ke lefe.
Hangata FTD e fana ka liphetoho tsa boitšoaro, hangata e le boitšoaro bo sa lokang ba setjhaba kapa boitshwaro ba motho. Mathata ka puo, e bitsoang afsia , ke e 'ngoe e hlahisoang ke FTD.
4. Lewy Body Dementia
Lewy 'mele oa' dementia, e bitsoang Friederich H. Lewy, ea qalileng ho hlalosa li-deposit mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1900, o khetholloa ke li-deposit alpha-synuclein ka hare ho lisele tsa boko. Le hoja matšoao a mangata a Lewy 'Meleng oa ' mele a tšoana le Alzheimer's, matšoao a mararo a khetholla mefuta e meng ea 'dementia': li- hallucinations tse hlakileng, maemo a fapaneng a ho lemoha kapa ho falimeha, le mathata a tebileng a boroko.
5. Maloetse a Parkinson
Boloetse ba Parkinson ke ho senyeha ha lisele tse nang le methapo ea boko bo ntseng bo tsoela pele boko bo hlahisang lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa dopamine. Dopamine e sebetsa e le lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale bokong, ho tsamaisana le ho sisinyeha ha mesifa. Ntle le dopamine, boko bo sitoa ho bua, bo lebisang ho lahleheloa ke bokhoni ba ho laola tsela ea 'mele.
Mekhahlelo ea eona e tsoetseng pele, Parkinson e ka sebetsa ts'ebetsong, e lebisang bothateng ba ho hopola lintho, mathata a ho nahana, ho etsa liqeto le ho rarolla mathata, le ho tepella maikutlong. Dementia e etsahala ho ba bang ba 20% ho isa ho 60% ba bakuli ba lefu la Parkinson.
6. Maloetse a Huntington
Lefu la Huntington ke lefu le futsitsoeng leo hangata le hlahang ka 30s kapa 40s ea motho. E khetholloa ke mekhoa e sa laoleheng, likhohlano tsa maikutlo le ho senyeha kelellong.
Ka lefu la Huntington, ho senyeha kelellong ho tsoelang pele ho nang le 'dementia' e ka 'nang ea e-ba matšoao a pele a lefu lena. Bana ba nang le motsoali a le mong ba fumanoeng ba e-na le liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa Huntington ba na le menyetla ea 50 ea ho hlaolela lefu lena ka bobona.
7. HIV / AIDS
HIV / AIDS ke kokoana-hloko e tšoaetsanoang ka ho kopana le mali a motho ea nang le tšoaetso kapa mmele oa 'mele. AIDS e amanang le 'dementia' e ka amana le CD4 + T-cell count nadir le nako ea ho itšireletsa mafung. Pele phekolo ea li-antiretroviral, lefu lena le amanang le AIDS le ne le amahanngoa le palo e tlase ea CD4 + le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa kokoana-hloko. Hona joale, ka phekolo e sebetsang ea antiretroviral e fokotsang tsoelo-pele ea HIV le AIDS , bakuli ba phela nako e telele 'me ha ba inehele ho mafu a tšoaetsanoang ka tekanyo eo ba kileng ba e etsa.
Bakuli bana ba ka 'na ba ba kotsing ea ho ba le bothata ba ho ba le maikutlo a amanang le lefu la AIDS ha ba ntse ba hōla
Matšoao a lefu la AIDS le amanang le lefu la AIDS le kenyeletsa matšoao a lebalang, a liehang, mathata a mahloriso le ho rarolla mathata, le likhopolo.
8. Boloetse ba Creutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD)
Bongata bo tsejoang e le lefu la Mad Cow , lefu la Creutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD) le bakoa ke li-prions. Li-prions tsena li senya bokhoni ba boko ba ho sebetsa. CJD e ka 'na ea e-ba le liphatsa tsa lefutso empa boholo ba tsona li na le likhetho tse sa tsejoeng. Maemong a mang e ka 'na ea e-ba phello ea ho pepesehela lisebelisoa tsa bongaka tse silafetseng nakong ea mekhoa. Bothata ba ho ba le 'dementia' e amanang le CJD hangata e tsoela pele ka potlako ho feta likhoeli tse 'maloa' me e ameha ka mathata, tlhokomelo, takatso ea lijo, pono le ts'ebetso.
Lisebelisoa:
Bothata ba 'methapo ea' dementia '. Mokhatlo oa Alzheimer's. La 21 November, 2007.
http://www.alz.org/alzheimers_disease_vascular_dementia.asp.
Gilliland, M. Dementia J Pract Nurs. 2007 Mariha; 57 (4): 5-13; lipotso 14-6.
Marie-Florence Shadlen, MD le Eric B Larson, MD, MPH. Syndromes ea Dementia . UpToDate.com
Alexander W Thompson, MD, MBA, Andrew A Pieper, MD, PhD, le Glenn J Treisman, MD, PhD. Dementia le delirium ho bakuli ba nang le HIV . UpToDate.com.